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Chen, H. VPS13B Gene. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/4580 (accessed on 18 April 2024).
Chen H. VPS13B Gene. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/4580. Accessed April 18, 2024.
Chen, Hongliu. "VPS13B Gene" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/4580 (accessed April 18, 2024).
Chen, H. (2020, December 24). VPS13B Gene. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/4580
Chen, Hongliu. "VPS13B Gene." Encyclopedia. Web. 24 December, 2020.
VPS13B Gene
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This entry is adapted from the peer-reviewed paper https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/vps13b

Vacuolar protein sorting 13 homolog B.

genes

1. Normal Function

Researchers are still working to determine the exact role of the VPS13B gene (also called the COH1 gene) in the human body. Studies show that the protein produced from this gene is a part of the Golgi apparatus, which is a cell structure in which newly produced proteins are modified so they can carry out their functions. In particular, the VPS13B protein is involved in a modification called glycosylation, which is the attachment of sugar molecules to proteins. The VPS13B protein also appears to be involved in the sorting and transporting of proteins inside the cell.

Studies suggest several functions for the VPS13B protein in the body. The protein appears to play an important role in the normal growth and development of nerve cells (neurons). It may also be involved in the growth and development of adipocytes, which are cells that store fats for energy, and may play a role in the storage and distribution of fats in the body.

2. Health Conditions Related to Genetic Changes

2.1. Cohen Syndrome

More than 150 different mutations in the VPS13B gene have been found in individuals with Cohen syndrome. Individuals with this condition typically have intellectual disability, eye problems, and distinctive facial features. Another common feature of the condition is obesity, particularly around the torso but not the arms and legs (truncal obesity). Most of the mutations that cause Cohen syndrome result in a premature stop signal in the instructions for making the VPS13B protein. Researchers believe that this genetic change leads to the production of an abnormally short, nonfunctional version of the protein. Studies suggest that a loss of this protein's function disrupts the organization of the Golgi apparatus and impairs normal glycosylation. However, it is not known how the absence of functional VPS13B protein or these cellular changes lead to the signs and symptoms of Cohen syndrome. Researchers speculate that problems with neuron development underlie intellectual disability, eye problems and other features of Cohen syndrome. Abnormal fat storage may cause truncal obesity in people with the condition.

In the Finnish population, 75 percent of individuals with Cohen syndrome have a mutation in both copies of the VPS13B gene that deletes two DNA building blocks (base pairs). This mutation is sometimes written as 3348_3349delCT. The deletion causes a premature stop signal in the instructions for making the VPS13B protein.

Two common mutations occur in the Old Order Amish population. The first mutation adds one base pair and is sometimes written as 9258_9259insT. This mutation creates a premature stop signal in the instructions for making the VPS13B protein. The second mutation changes a single protein building block (amino acid) in the VPS13B protein. Specifically, this mutation replaces the amino acid isoleucine with the amino acid threonine at position 2820 (written as Ile2820Thr or I2820T). Outside the Finnish and Amish populations, nearly all mutations in the VPS13B gene occur in only one or a small number of families.

3. Other Names for This Gene

  • CHS1

  • COH1

  • Cohen syndrome 1

  • DKFZp313I0811

  • KIAA0532

  • vacuolar protein sorting 13 homolog B (yeast)

  • vacuolar protein sorting 13B

  • VP13B_HUMAN

References

  1. Duplomb L, Duvet S, Picot D, Jego G, El Chehadeh-Djebbar S, Marle N, Gigot N, Aral B, Carmignac V, Thevenon J, Lopez E, Rivière JB, Klein A, Philippe C, Droin N, Blair E, Girodon F, Donadieu J, Bellanné-Chantelot C, Delva L, Michalski JC,Solary E, Faivre L, Foulquier F, Thauvin-Robinet C. Cohen syndrome is associated with major glycosylation defects. Hum Mol Genet. 2014 May 1;23(9):2391-9. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddt630.
  2. Falk MJ, Feiler HS, Neilson DE, Maxwell K, Lee JV, Segall SK, Robin NH,Wilhelmsen KC, Träskelin AL, Kolehmainen J, Lehesjoki AE, Wiznitzer M, Warman ML.Cohen syndrome in the Ohio Amish. Am J Med Genet A. 2004 Jul 1;128A(1):23-8.
  3. Kolehmainen J, Black GC, Saarinen A, Chandler K, Clayton-Smith J, TräskelinAL, Perveen R, Kivitie-Kallio S, Norio R, Warburg M, Fryns JP, de la Chapelle A, Lehesjoki AE. Cohen syndrome is caused by mutations in a novel gene, COH1,encoding a transmembrane protein with a presumed role in vesicle-mediated sortingand intracellular protein transport. Am J Hum Genet. 2003 Jun;72(6):1359-69.
  4. Limoge F, Faivre L, Gautier T, Petit JM, Gautier E, Masson D, Jego G, ElChehadeh-Djebbar S, Marle N, Carmignac V, Deckert V, Brindisi MC, Edery P,Ghoumid J, Blair E, Lagrost L, Thauvin-Robinet C, Duplomb L. Insulin responsedysregulation explains abnormal fat storage and increased risk of diabetesmellitus type 2 in Cohen Syndrome. Hum Mol Genet. 2015 Dec 1;24(23):6603-13. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddv366.
  5. Seifert W, Holder-Espinasse M, Spranger S, Hoeltzenbein M, Rossier E, Dollfus H, Lacombe D, Verloes A, Chrzanowska KH, Maegawa GH, Chitayat D, Kotzot D, Huhle D, Meinecke P, Albrecht B, Mathijssen I, Leheup B, Raile K, Hennies HC, Horn D.Mutational spectrum of COH1 and clinical heterogeneity in Cohen syndrome. J MedGenet. 2006 May;43(5):e22.
  6. Seifert W, Kühnisch J, Maritzen T, Horn D, Haucke V, Hennies HC. Cohensyndrome-associated protein, COH1, is a novel, giant Golgi matrix proteinrequired for Golgi integrity. J Biol Chem. 2011 Oct 28;286(43):37665-75. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111.267971.
  7. Seifert W, Kühnisch J, Maritzen T, Lommatzsch S, Hennies HC, Bachmann S, Horn D, Haucke V. Cohen syndrome-associated protein COH1 physically and functionallyinteracts with the small GTPase RAB6 at the Golgi complex and directs neuriteoutgrowth. J Biol Chem. 2015 Feb 6;290(6):3349-58. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M114.608174.
  8. Wang H, Falk MJ, Wensel C, Traboulsi EI. Cohen Syndrome. 2006 Aug 29 [updated 2016 Jul 21]. In: Adam MP, Ardinger HH, Pagon RA, Wallace SE, Bean LJH, Stephens K, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews® [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University ofWashington, Seattle; 1993-2020. Available fromhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1482/
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Subjects: Genetics & Heredity
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Hongliu Chen
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Entry Collection: MedlinePlus
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Update Date: 24 Dec 2020
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