1. Introduction

It has been estimated that around 7 million of global deaths per year were caused by smoking [12-34]. Reviews of published systematic reviews and meta-analysis have confirmed that the risk of lung cancer and asthma has increased in current and former smokers [4-85-9]. In fact, tobacco smoke is the largest contributor to the most common histological types of lung cancer such as adenocarcinoma and small-cell and squamous cell carcinoma, with over 76% of lung cancer deaths in men and 37-42% of lung cancer deaths in women aged ≥50 years are attributable to tobacco use [910]. Tobacco smoke provokes asthma exacerbations and causes other allergy symptoms to worsen in adults. There is also unequivocal evidence that secondhand smoke exposure is the main contributor to asthma and lung cancer risk in nonsmokers, disproportionately affecting women [4]."P5]. The researcher claims that "people with asthma are generally at higher risk of lung cancer than the general population, whether they smoke or are exposed to tobacco smoke", Dr. Naser Alsharairi from Griffith University said.

There is controversy over the role of dietary supplements in reducing or treating lung cancer in smokers and nonsmokers. There is also much uncertainty about its effectiveness and the consequences in asthmatic smokers and nonsmokers, and our understanding of whether dietary supplements can reduce lung cancer risk in asthmatic smokers and nonsmokers remains unclear in the absence of clinical trials [1]. "IThe researcher claims that "in order to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of dietary supplement use by asthmatic smokers and nonsmokers before, during, and after lung cancer treatment, we need realistic and reliable studies worldwide",.

2. Data, Applications and Influences

Dietary sayupplements Dr. Alsharairi.

Dr.use has increased Aglsharairi conducted a comprehensive literature review on this topic, searching for prospective studies and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of obally [11], and have become of particular interest to consumer and the pharmaceutical companies [12,13], in addition to be significant part of complementary medicines to maintain or improve health [14,15]. The most common dietary supplements and/or vitamin/mineral intake onused by cancer and asthma and lung cancer risk and total motic patients were multivitamins and antioxidants [16-18].

There is stality rate, with the overall results stratified by smoking status or groups. He identified a total of 20 studies that focused on both lung cancer and asthma.

"Therong belief that taking dietary supplements prevents occurrence of cancers [19]. To the contrary, these supplements are not safe for cancer patients and have increased risk of mortality in Westernized adult respopults acrossations [20]. Indeed, studies have been contradictory regarding the effects of dietary supplements on lung cancer risk and mortality in smokers and nonsmokers [1]. However, some studiesthere is now scientific evidence that urged caution in recommending long-term, high-dose supplements that contain β-carotene, retinyl palmitate, B vitamins and vitamin E for lung cancer patients, particularly current and former smokers", [1,21].

Given sthays Dr. Alsharairi. He also said "There is too little known about the effects of dietaryt long-term supplements use can have adverse effects, why do companies still claim of anticancer benefits for marketing of these supplements on asthma risk in smokers. Although vitamin D ? Pharmaceutical companies have not adequately complied with dietary supplementation alone has proven beneficial in reducing asthma risk in current/former smokers, the intake of vitamin D manufacturing standards. These supplements contain harmful ingredients which continue to be sold to cancer patients for economic reasons [22]. Sales of dietary supplements together with calcium/other supplements may not be advocated. We need more research to clarify the effects of dietarycould represent harm, rather than health benefits, if national standards and regulations do not rigorously apply. Despite the efforts of the Western countries to improve supplements on asthma risk in both smokers and nonsmokers". There isafety and quality in the marketplace, many challenges still a gap in knowledge with respect to the effects of dietary supplements on lung cancer risk/mortality in asthmatic smokerexist. These include inadequate assurance of safety/efficacy, inaccuracy of product labeling, misleading health claims and nonsmokers. Dr. Alsharairi is therefore suggesting future trials and prospective studies of these slack of conceptual clarity concerning a regulatory framework for marketing and assessing the quality of supplements to[23-26].

RCTs drevetect their benefits and harms.

1.aled that dietary supplements including methyl donor Schane, R.E.; Ling, P.M.; Glantz, S.A. Health effects of light and intermittent smoking: A review. Circulautrients and antioxidant vitamins were found not to improve pulmonary function

2010, 121,in 1518–1522.patients

2.with Weast, R. Tobacco smoking: Health impact, prevalence, correlates and interventions. Psychol. Health. 2017, 32,

101hma [27]. Pharmaceutical companies are involved in manufacturing supplements purported for use in asthma such as Quercetin and Pycnogenol [28–1036].

3.A GBDneed 2015 Tobacco Collaborators. Smoking prevalence and attributable disease burden in 195 countries and

remains for more efforts to provide regulatory guidelines about using dietary supplements territories, 1990–2015: A systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet 2017, 389,

1885–1906.

4. J reduce asthma risk. Few RCTs to date have sought to examine the effects of dietaryes, L.; Haslam, P.L.; Gratziou, C.G.; Powell, P.; Britton, J.; Vardavas, C.; Jimenez-Ruiz, C.; Leonardi-Bee, J.;

Tob supplements on asthma risk in smokers. Although vitamin D supplementation acco Clontrol Committee of the European Respiratory Society. SmokeHaz: Systematic reviews and

e has proven beneficial in reducing asthma risk in current/formeta-analyr ses of the effects of smoking on respiratory health. Chest 2016, 150, 164–179.

5. Skamokers, the intake of vitamin D supplements together with calcium/other supplements maby, T.; Taylor, A.E.; Jacobsen, R.K.; Paternoster, L.; Thuesen, B.H.; Ahluwalia, T.S.; Larsen, S.C.; Zhou, A.;

Wo not be advocated [1]. Further RCTs to examine the efficacy of dietary supplements in improving, asthma A.; Gabrielsen, M.E.; et al. Investigating the causalsymptoms are needed [29]. More studies are also needed to clarify the effect of smoking on hay fever ands of dietary supplements on asthma:

A risk Mendelian randomn both smokers and nonsmokers.

3. Conclusion

Dizetation meta-analysis in the CARTA consortium. Sci. Rep. 2017, 7, 2224.

6. Sary supplements use in lung cancer prevention elicits considerable contillan, A.A.; Camargo, C.A., Jr.; Colditz, G.A. A meta-analysis of asthma and risk of oversy. Long-term use of specific dietary supplements appears to increase lung cancer

(Un ritsk. Thed States). Cancer Causes Control 2003, 14, 327–334. naturopathy sector makes millions of dollars by making claims

7.about Rosecanberger, A.; Bickeböller, H.; McCormack, V.; Brenner, D.R.; Duell, E.J.; Tjønneland, A.; Friis, S.;

Mucer-fighting supplements- this should be backed up with empirical researcat, J.E.; Yang, P.; Wichmann, H.E.; et al. Asthma and lung cancer risk: A systematic investigation by the

Inh, and if it's false, those companies should not be profiting from misleading people. Dietary supplements mightern ational Lung Cancer Consortium. Carcinogenesis 2012, 33, 587–597.

8. Qctually reduce other cancers risk because some stu, Y.L.; Ldiu, J.; Zhang, L.X.; Wu, C.M.; Chu, A.J.; Wen, B.L.; Ma, C.; Yan, X.Y.; Zhang, X.; Wang, D.M.; et al.

Aes have made very grand claims. Given active and passive smoking are the main risk factors for asthma and the risk of lung cancer: A meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017, 8, 48525.

9. In, the researcher is therefore suggesting futute for Health Metricre trials and Evaluation. Global Burden of Disease 2017. 2017. Available online:

hprospective studies of these supplements to detect tp://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare/# (accessed onheir benefits and harms for lung cancer prevention in asthmatic smokers and non-smokers.

      24 DReferecember 2018).nces

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The article has been published on doi: 10.3390/nu11040725