Summary

Eng (ISSN 2673-4117) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal which publishes original papers, critical reviews, rapid communications, technical notes, and discussions on all areas of engineering. Eng's aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research relating to engineering science and technology in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the maximum length of the papers. Launched in 2020, Eng was indexed in Scopus in 2023. The journal was subsequently included in the Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI, Web of Science) in March 2024 and Ei Compendex in April 2025. It holds a 2025 Impact Factor of 3.5 and is ranked JCR Q1 in the “ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY” category. Its 2025 CiteScore is 4.1, and it currently ranks Q2 in Scopus’ “Engineering (miscellaneous)” category.

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Topic Review
Smart Healthcare
Smart healthcare is an integrated health service model that combines pervasive sensing, wireless communication, cloud computing, and intelligent data analytics to deliver continuous, personalized, and context-aware medical monitoring and diagnostic support. The architecture is characterized by a layered system of wearable and implantable sensors that acquire physiological signals, a network layer that transmits data over the Internet of Things, and a service layer that processes information through artificial intelligence algorithms to generate clinical insights [1]. The concept distinguishes itself from traditional telemedicine by the autonomous, predictive, and adaptive nature of its data processing: rather than simply relaying patient information to a remote clinician, smart healthcare systems interpret signals in real time, detect anomalies, and recommend interventions based on learned patient patterns. The data flow spans vital-sign monitoring, medication adherence tracking, sleep and activity analysis, and chronic disease management, all coordinated through an Internet of Medical Things infrastructure that connects devices, electronic health records, and clinical decision support engines [2]. The defining technical principle is the fusion of multi-modal physiological streams with contextual metadata to construct a computational model of patient state that supports both reactive monitoring and proactive risk stratification [3].
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  • 23 Sep 2026
Topic Review
Thin-Walled Structures
Thin-walled structures are structural systems in which one dimension, the wall thickness, is substantially smaller than the other two geometric dimensions, typically by a ratio on the order of one hundred or more. The category encompasses plates, shells, built-up cold-formed sections, and tubular members whose structural behavior is governed by thin-wall theory rather than solid-mechanics assumptions [1]. The defining mechanical characteristic is that stresses through the thickness are essentially uniform, while bending and membrane action dominate the load-carrying mechanism. Thin-walled members exhibit distinctive instability phenomena, including local buckling, distortional buckling, flexural-torsional buckling, and shear buckling, which arise because the slender cross-sectional elements are prone to out-of-plane deformations under compressive stress [2]. The analysis of such structures requires shell theory or finite-element formulations that account for membrane stiffness, bending stiffness, and geometric nonlinearity, as classical beam theory based on Euler-Bernoulli assumptions is insufficient when cross-section deformation cannot be neglected [3]. The thin-wall geometric ratio is the fundamental parameter that determines whether plate-buckling, shell-buckling, or global member-buckling modes govern the structural response.
  • 11
  • 23 Sep 2026
Topic Review
Energy Conservation
Energy conservation refers to the systematic reduction of energy demand through the optimization of energy services, processes, and consumption patterns without degrading the quality of delivered end-use functions. It encompasses the behavioral, operational, and technical measures that lower the quantity of energy required to satisfy a given service, distinguishing itself from energy efficiency, which is the ratio of useful output to energy input [1]. The concept is grounded in the principle that reducing unnecessary energy consumption directly diminishes the primary energy supply required, thereby lowering resource depletion and associated emissions. Energy conservation operates through demand-side management, which involves monitoring, controlling, and reducing energy use in buildings, industrial systems, transportation, and appliances [2]. It is typically implemented via energy management systems that establish baselines, identify conservation opportunities, and verify savings through continuous measurement and verification protocols. The conceptual framework treats energy as a finite resource whose value is determined by its marginal utility relative to alternative uses, and conservation measures are evaluated against energy cost, capital investment, and payback period criteria [3].
  • 6
  • 23 Sep 2026
Topic Review
Fluid-Structure Interaction in Civil Engineering
Fluid-structure interaction in civil engineering refers to mutual two-way coupled physical phenomena occurring between fluid flow and large-scale civil engineering structural components [1]. Fluid flow imposes time-varying pressure fields and shear stress loads upon structural surfaces; the resulting structural deformation, displacement and vibration responses conversely modify the local flow field distribution, flow separation pattern and vortex shedding characteristics of the surrounding fluid [2]. This coupling behaviour commonly emerges in civil infrastructures such as long-span bridges, high-rise buildings, offshore civil platforms, dams and hydraulic conduits under wind loading, wave loading or current loading conditions. Conceptually it excludes one-way static load calculation approaches, in which fluid pressure is applied onto structures without considering structural motion feedback modifying fluid flow states. It describes inherent coupled physical mechanisms rather than specific numerical analysis algorithms or engineering mitigation measures [3].
  • 25
  • 21 Sep 2026
Topic Review
Energy-Critical Mineral
Energy-critical minerals are mineral and metallic raw materials that possess essential technical and economic importance for the manufacturing, deployment and operation of clean energy-related facilities, including renewable energy generators, electrochemical energy storage equipment, electric mobility hardware and power grid infrastructure [1]. Criticality status is jointly determined by two interrelated dimensions: supply chain related supply risk factors such as geographic concentration, geopolitical vulnerability and production concentration, and the magnitude of negative impact on clean energy transition pathways under supply disruption scenarios [2]. These minerals do not necessarily generate energy by themselves; their critical attribute originates from their irreplaceable material function within clean energy technology chains. The critical mineral classification boundary dynamically evolves with advances in technology, material substitution possibilities and shifts in global mineral supply and demand patterns [3].
  • 14
  • 21 Sep 2026
Topic Review
Vehicle-to-Home
Vehicle-to-home (V2H) describes a bidirectional electric energy transfer interface concept that enables the onboard traction battery energy storage system of plug-in electric vehicles to supply electrical power for residential household loads through dedicated power conversion and interconnection hardware [1]. Under V2H operation modes, the electric vehicle functions as a mobile distributed energy resource that can provide backup power for domestic appliances and critical residential loads during grid outages, or support residential energy management and load shifting applications when the utility grid remains connected [2]. It defines the energy flow relationship between the electric vehicle battery system and residential premises; it is conceptually differentiated from vehicle-to-grid, whose primary objective is feeding power back to utility distribution networks at grid level rather than serving individual residential loads [3].
  • 18
  • 21 Sep 2026
Topic Review
RF Signal Processing
RF signal processing is the specialised technical field for manipulating electromagnetic signals falling within radio-frequency spectral bands, typically ranging from kilohertz to hundreds of gigahertz [1]. It implements signal operations such as filtering, frequency up-conversion and down-conversion, modulation and demodulation, interference suppression and power conditioning. Processing can be realised by analogue radio-frequency circuits composed of passive components and active semiconductor devices, or completed in the digital domain after high-speed radio-frequency sampling and digitisation [2]. It acts upon high-frequency carrier-modulated signals intended for wireless radiation through antennas or guided transmission along transmission lines and waveguides. Conceptually it differs from general-purpose baseband digital signal processing which operates upon demodulated low-frequency information signals [3].
  • 15
  • 21 Sep 2026
Topic Review
Low-Dimensional Material
Low-dimensional materials are condensed-matter solid materials whose physical size is confined to nanometre scale within at least one spatial direction, generating quantum confinement effects that distinguish their electronic, optical, thermal and mechanical behaviours from bulk three-dimensional solid counterparts [1]. According to the number of spatially confined directions, they are classified into zero-dimensional, one-dimensional and two-dimensional subcategories. Zero-dimensional materials include quantum dots and nanoparticles; one-dimensional forms contain nanowires and nanotubes; two-dimensional materials refer to atomically thin layered materials [2]. Classification is determined by geometric confinement and resulting quantum-size physical effects rather than fixed chemical composition. Multiple different chemical substances and crystal structures can fall under this material category provided they satisfy nanoscale spatial confinement criteria and exhibit corresponding quantum-modified physical properties [3].
  • 19
  • 21 Sep 2026
Topic Review
Power Electronics
Power electronics is an engineering discipline focused on the conversion, conditioning and control of electric power by means of power semiconductor switching devices, passive energy-storage components and associated control circuitry [1]. It implements controlled mutual conversion between alternating-current and direct-current electric energy forms, as well as adjustment of voltage magnitude, current amplitude and operating frequency for power-level energy flow [2]. It targets high-energy-flow power processing applications, and is conceptually distinct from small-signal analogue electronics which are primarily designed for information signal processing and communication rather than bulk energy conversion. The field encompasses converter topologies, semiconductor device physics, control algorithms, electromagnetic design and thermal management aspects of power conversion systems [3].
  • 13
  • 21 Sep 2026
Topic Review
Digital Signal Processing
Digital signal processing (DSP) is the theoretical and technical discipline that performs numerical computational operations upon discrete-time digital signal sequences obtained via sampling and quantisation of continuous analogue physical signals [1]. Typical computational operations include digital filtering, frequency-domain spectral transformation, feature extraction, noise suppression, signal reconstruction and parameter estimation. Unlike analogue signal processing which manipulates continuous physical waveforms directly through electronic circuits, all processing operations are completed by arithmetic calculation of discrete sampled numerical values [2]. Its theoretical framework applies universally across multiple signal modalities including audio, image, radio communication, biomedical and time-series sensor data. This concept covers both mathematical algorithm theory and corresponding hardware implementation principles for executing those algorithms on dedicated digital processing platforms [3].
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  • 21 Sep 2026
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