Your browser does not fully support modern features. Please upgrade for a smoother experience.
Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort by:
Most Viewed Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Filter:
All Topic Review Biography Peer Reviewed Entry Video Entry
Biography
Nathaniel Jarvis Wyeth
Nathaniel Jarvis Wyeth (January 29, 1802 – August 31, 1856) was an American inventor and businessman in Boston, Massachusetts who contributed greatly to its ice industry. Due to his inventions, Boston could harvest and ship ice internationally. In the 1830s, he was also a Mountain man who led two expeditions to the Northwest and set up two trading posts, one in present-day Idaho and one in pre
  • 1.1K
  • 11 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Shortline Railroad
A shortline railroad is a small or mid-sized railroad company that operates over a relatively short distance relative to larger, national railroad networks. The term is used primarily in the United States and Canada. In the U.S., railroads are categorized by operating revenue, and most shortline railroads fall into the Class III or Class II categorization defined by the Surface Transportation Board. Shortlines generally exist for one of three reasons: to link two industries requiring rail freight together (for example, a gypsum mine and a wall board factory, or a coal mine and a power plant); to interchange revenue traffic with other, usually larger, railroads; or to operate a tourist passenger train service. Often, short lines exist for all three of these reasons.
  • 1.1K
  • 29 Sep 2022
Topic Review
SODAR
SODAR (SOnic Detection And Ranging), also written as sodar, is a meteorological instrument used as a wind profiler to measure the scattering of sound waves by atmospheric turbulence. SODAR systems are used to measure wind speed at various heights above the ground, and the thermodynamic structure of the lower layer of the atmosphere. Sodar systems are in fact nothing more than sonar systems used in the air rather than in water; more specifically, since they operate using the Doppler effect with a multi-beam configuration to determine wind speed, they are the exact in-air equivalent to a subclass of sonar systems known as acoustic Doppler current profilers. Other names used for sodar systems include sounder, echosounder and acoustic radar.
  • 1.1K
  • 29 Sep 2022
Biography
Albert Kingsbury
Albert Kingsbury (23 December 1863 – 28 July 1943) was an United States engineer, inventor and entrepreneur. He was responsible for over fifty patents obtained between the years 1902 to 1930.[1] Kingsbury is most famous for his hydrodynamic thrust bearing which uses a thin film of oil to support weights of up to 220 tons. This bearing extended the service life of many types of machinery during
  • 1.1K
  • 18 Nov 2022
Biography
Omowunmi Sadik
Omowunmi "Wunmi" A. Sadik (born 19 June 1964) is a Nigerian professor, chemist, and inventor working at Binghamton University. She has developed microelectrode biosensors for detection of drugs and explosives and is working on the development of technologies for recycling metal ions from waste, for use in environmental and industrial applications.[1] In 2012, Sadik co-founded the non-profit Sust
  • 1.1K
  • 05 Dec 2022
Biography
Mikhail Ageyev
Mikhail Dmitriyevich Ageyev (Russian: Михаил Дмитриевич Агеев; 14 May 1931 in Cheremhovo (now Irkutsk Oblast) – 19 November 2005) was a Soviet and Russian scientist, an expert in the field of navigation and control systems of moving objects, a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1992).[1][2] Ageyev was born on 14 May 1931 in Cheremhovo, a town of Irkutsk Oblast,
  • 1.1K
  • 13 Dec 2022
Biography
Henry P. Kendall
Henry Plimpton Kendall (January 15, 1878 – November 3, 1959) was a New England entrepreneur, industrialist, and philanthropist from Walpole, Massachusetts. He is considered one of the pioneers of scientific management.[1] Kendall was born in 1878 in Charlestown, Massachusetts, son of Henry Lucien Kendall en Clara Idella (Plimpton) Kendal. After attending the Lawrenceville School, boarding
  • 1.1K
  • 15 Dec 2022
Biography
Sossina M. Haile
Sossina M. Haile (born July 28, 1966) is an Ethiopian-United States chemist, known for developing the first solid acid fuel cells.[1] She is a professor of Materials Science and Engineering at Northwestern University, Illinois, USA.[2] Haile received the NSF National Young Investigator Award (1994–99), Humboldt Fellowship (1992–93), Fulbright Fellowship (1991–92), and AT&T Cooperative Res
  • 1.1K
  • 29 Dec 2022
Biography
Monika Schultz
Monika Karin Schultz (born August 15, 1967 in Pasadena, Texas) is an American engineer. She currently works as a manager in coaching and development at Intertek in the Houston, Texas area.[1] She formerly worked for the United Space Alliance, a NASA contractor. She considers Nassau Bay, Texas her hometown.[2] In April 2005, Schultz served as an aquanaut on the NASA Extreme Environment Mission Op
  • 1.1K
  • 09 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Radeon 9000 Series
The R300 GPU, introduced in August 2002 and developed by ATI Technologies, is its third generation of GPU used in Radeon graphics cards. This GPU features 3D acceleration based upon Direct3D 9.0 and OpenGL 2.0, a major improvement in features and performance compared to the preceding R200 design. R300 was the first fully Direct3D 9-capable consumer graphics chip. The processors also include 2D GUI acceleration, video acceleration, and multiple display outputs. The first graphics cards using the R300 to be released were the Radeon 9700. It was the first time that ATI marketed its GPU as a Visual Processing Unit (VPU). R300 and its derivatives would form the basis for ATI's consumer and professional product lines for over 3 years.
  • 1.1K
  • 03 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Kounotori 2
Kounotori 2 (こうのとり2号機, "white stork" ), also known as HTV-2, was launched in January 2011 and was the second Japan ese H-II Transfer Vehicle to resupply the International Space Station (ISS). It was launched by the H-IIB Launch Vehicle No. 2 (H-IIB F2) manufactured by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) and JAXA. After the supplies were unloaded, Kounotori 2 was loaded with waste material from ISS, including used experiment equipment and used clothes. Kounotori 2 was then unberthed and separated from the ISS and burned up upon reentering the atmosphere on 30 March 2011.
  • 1.1K
  • 08 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Optical PAyload for Lasercomm Science
Optical Payload for Lasercomm Science (OPALS) is a spacecraft communication instrument developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory that was tested on the International Space Station (ISS) from 18 April 2014 to 17 July 2014 to demonstrate the technology for laser communications systems between spacecraft and ground stations. The purpose of OPALS is to do research into replacing traditional radio-frequency (RF) communications which are currently used on spacecraft. This will allow spacecraft to increase the rate at which data is downlinked by 10 to 100 times. It also will have less error than RF communication. It launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station to the ISS on 18 April 2014 on a Falcon 9 SpaceX CRS-3 Dragon capsule resupply. The experiment used commercial products rather than space qualified components.
  • 1.1K
  • 08 Nov 2022
Biography
Yehia Massoud
Yehia Massoud (born 1968) is an Egyptian-American Scientist. As of January 1, 2018, he is the Dean of the School of Systems and Enterprises at Stevens Institute of Technology.[1] He was previously the Director of the Complex and Smart Systems Laboratory[2] and a Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering department at Worcester Polytechnic Institute. He was named Fellow of the Institute of
  • 1.1K
  • 27 Dec 2022
Topic Review
List of Gliders (G)
This is a list of gliders/sailplanes of the world, (this reference lists all gliders with references, where available) Note: Any aircraft can glide for a short time, but gliders are designed to glide for longer.
  • 1.1K
  • 09 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition
Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) is a chemical vapor deposition process used to deposit thin films from a gas state (vapor) to a solid state on a substrate. Chemical reactions are involved in the process, which occur after creation of a plasma of the reacting gases. The plasma is generally created by radio frequency (RF) (alternating current (AC)) frequency or direct current (DC) discharge between two electrodes, the space between which is filled with the reacting gases.
  • 1.1K
  • 18 Nov 2022
Biography
Ernst Stuhlinger
Ernst Stuhlinger (December 19, 1913 Niederrimbach, Germany – May 25, 2008) was a Germany -American atomic, electrical, and rocket scientist. After being brought to the United States as part of Operation Paperclip, he developed guidance systems with Wernher von Braun's team for the US Army, and later was a scientist with NASA. He was also instrumental in the development of the ion engine for lo
  • 1.1K
  • 02 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Door-Opening Drones
Doorknob accessories, wheelchair-mounted door-opening accessories, door-opening robots, and door-opening drones—were used to group the various technologies for manually opening doors. Drones are unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with a wide range of applications, including product delivery, asset inspection, search and rescue, law enforcement and military services, disaster management, and emergency medical services. Drones are emerging as safe alternatives to humans in applications involving inaccessible environments or dangerous scenarios. In cases of medical emergencies, when a person is stuck in remote locations and an ambulance is unable to reach a patient in time, medical drones are being used for emergency medical services. Door-opening drones are unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with the capability to open doors.
  • 1.1K
  • 22 Dec 2023
Biography
Jack Ridley (Pilot)
Colonel Jackie Lynwood "Jack" Ridley (June 16, 1915 – March 12, 1957) was an aeronautical engineer, USAF test pilot and chief of the U.S. Air Force's Flight Test Engineering Laboratory. He helped develop and test many Cold War era military aircraft. He worked on the Bell X-1, the first aircraft to achieve supersonic flight. He was highly respected among fellow test pilots, most notably Chuck Y
  • 1.1K
  • 23 Nov 2022
Topic Review
CdTe X/γ-ray Detectors
Different contact materials and optimization of techniques of their depositions expand the possibilities to obtain high performance room temperature CdTe-based X/γ-ray detectors. The heterostructures with ohmic (MoOx) and Schottky (MoOx, TiOx, TiN, and In) contacts, created by DC reactive magnetron sputtering and vacuum thermal evaporation, as well as In/CdTe/Au diodes with a p-n junction, formed by laser-induced doping, have been developed and investigated. Depending on the surface pre-treatment of semi-insulating p-CdTe crystals, the deposition of a MoOx film formed either ohmic or Schottky contacts. Based on the calculations and I-V characteristics of the Mo-MoOx/p-CdTe/MoOx-Mo, In/p-CdTe/MoOx-Mo, Ti-TiOx/p-CdTe/MoOx-Mo, and Ti-TiN/p-CdTe/MoOx-Mo Schottky-diode detectors, the current transport processes were described in the models of the carrier generation–recombination within the space-charge region (SCR) at low bias, and space-charge limited current incorporating the Poole–Frenkel effect at higher voltages, respectively. The energies of generation–recombination centers, density of trapping centers, and effective carrier lifetimes were determined. Nanosecond laser irradiation of the In electrode, pre-deposited on the p-CdTe crystals, resulted in extending the voltage range, corresponding to the carrier generation–recombination in the SCR in the I-V characteristics of the In/CdTe/Au diodes. Such In/CdTe/Au p-n junction diode detectors demonstrated high energy resolutions (7%@59.5 keV, 4%@122 keV, and 1.6%@662 keV).
  • 1.1K
  • 08 Jun 2021
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Smoke Hazards of Tall Timber Buildings with New Products
Timber buildings can now stand very tall using new products. As timber materials are expected to be easily ignitable, the fire hazard of timber is a concern. Charring of the timber surface would maintain structural stability, but would also be accompanied by smoke. Although treating timber products with fire retardants would delay the ignition time under low radiative heat flux, toxic combustion products and unburnt fuel would be emitted immediately upon burning. More smoke and higher toxic gas concentrations such as carbon monoxide would be given off upon burning some fire retardants under high flashover heat fluxes. Due to the fast upward movement of smoke under stack effect, spreading of toxic smoke in tall timber buildings would lead to a hazardous environment. Engineered timber consists of derivative timber products. New engineered timber products are manufactured with advanced technology and design, including cross-laminated-timber (CLT), laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and glue-laminated timber (Glulam). The fire behaviour of timber products has been studied for several decades. However, the smoke hazards of using new timber products in building construction should be monitored. The objective of this study is to inspire stakeholders in fire safety of timber buildings, inter alia smoke hazards, to use new timber products to build tall buildings.
  • 1.1K
  • 13 Apr 2022
  • Page
  • of
  • 50
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Reprints

>>
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Encyclopedia of Engineering
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of Medieval Royal Iconography
Academic Video Service
Feedback