Comprehensive Brain Mind Health History

Comprehensive Brain Mind Health History: History

Please note this is an old version of this entry, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Subjects: Medicine, General & Internal

Contributor:

In the outpatient general practice setting, most practitioners do not have the time or resources to acquire a comprehensive history pertaining to patients' brain and mental health. This comprehensive brain-mind health history gives health care providers a simple and easy-to-use checklist, which can be filled out by patients before their appointment and/or while sitting in the waiting room. This will allow practitioners to have a more thorough and detailed history of their patients on hand, which they can quickly skim through as needed. In addition, it will help practitioners introduce and subsequently discuss more sensitive topics with their patients that are often associated with stigmas, such as substance use, mental health issues, etc. Ultimately, this comprehensive history will allow health care practitioners to make better decisions on behalf of their patients.

Memory
Attention
Neuropsychiatric
ADHD
Concussion
Head Trauma
Neurotransmitters
Comprehensive Brain Mind Health History
Mood
Insurance Codes

A Brain Health Check-Up

Cognitive impairment is an extremely common public health issue that is all too often overlooked. When discussing cognitive impairment most primary care physicians all agree that assessments of cognitive function are valuable tools and vital to patient welfare. However, only about 16% of adults over the age of 65 receive regular routine cognitive assessments, which is dramatically less than other preventive screening tests such as, blood pressure (91%), cholesterol (83%), and diabetes (66%)^[1]. Furthermore, the majority of patients who do receive regular cognitive assessments are typically above the age of 50, but cognitive dysfunction can be seen in all ages including the young.

Psychiatric illness is one of the most prevalent causes of cognitive impairment in those under 50. In 2019 approximately 51.5 million adults (age 18 or older) in the United States suffered from mental illness and the highest prevalence rate was seen in young adults (age 18-25)^[2]. Routine cognitive assessments would be a valuable tool in identifying and beginning the management of mental illnesses earlier, which would, in turn, provide these individuals with a better quality of life. However, screening for any form of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) isn’t very common in general and even less so in those under 50. This further exemplifies the under usage of an important health assessment tool and identifies an area of improvement that is desperately needed within our health care system.

In addition, another challenge that health care providers can face is that patients can be reluctant to discuss any perceived changes in their cognitive function, including memory, attention, confusion, etc. According to the Center for Disease Control’s (CDC) Healthy Aging Data (2015-2019), on average less than half of adults aged 50 years and older with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) reported discussing noticed changes in their cognitive function with a health care professional^[3]. A streamlined screening test would not only give health care professionals an opportunity to open a dialogue with their patients, but it would also allow for the identification and subsequent discussion of cognitive impairments without embarrassment.

One solution to this problem would be to implement in the United States (US) an annual routine brain health checkup exam, for all ages, in every aspect of health care. This would not only allow health professionals to identify and diagnose cognitive impairment earlier, but it would also help establish a baseline for their patients in terms of cognitive function. The best comparison of a patient’s cognitive function is to themselves while in a healthy state, so knowing a patient’s baseline cognitive function would provide physicians with invaluable information. With an established baseline and routine brain health checkups, physicians would be able to detect changes in cognitive function much quicker, which would allow them to diagnose and start treatments sooner. Finally, an annual brain health checkup exam would help prevent further deterioration of the mind in the general population, while saving the country millions in related health care costs each year.

This paper includes several detailed checklists, involving brain-mind health, that could be used routinely in an outpatient primary care setting. This would allow primary care physicians to obtain a more thorough and detailed history of their patients in a very efficient manner and subsequently provide better care for their patients.

A Comprehensive Brain Mind Health History

A combined, comprehensive, one-page brain-mind health history is included below. This would provide practitioners with a short and simple document that patients could fill out prior to their appointment whether at home or in the waiting room. This would ensure providers that they had a very thorough detailed history of their patient, which they could quickly read through before seeing the patient or while talking to them. In addition, this helps the patient recall issues they might have otherwise forgotten, or thought was not medically relevant. This would also help providers address more sensitive topics or issues that are often associated with stigmas, such as substance use, mental health issues, etc. Overall, it helps practitioners provide the best possible care for patients.

Neurotransmitter Imbalances©

Neurotransmitters are the origin of brain bioelectricity. There are four core families of neurotransmitter systems including, dopamine/catecholamines, acetylcholine, GABA/glutamate, and serotonin. When these neurotransmitters are not balanced, they can cause significant and persistent brain-mind health disturbances. The Neurotransmitter imbalances checklist below lists common symptoms associated with specific neurotransmitter deficiencies. This allows patients to better understand at the chemical level why they are experiencing certain symptoms/disorders and allows treatment to be tailored towards their specific needs. In addition, the checklist offers further value because even individuals who are not seriously ill often have areas within their life that they can or want to improve upon and this list provides them the means to do so. Therefore, the neurotransmitter imbalances checklist not only helps guide health providers in the treatment of memory, attention, and neuropsychiatric problems but also enables individuals to improve upon themselves and their daily life.

Neurotransmitter Imbalance/Deficiency Checklist

Directions: Put a checkmark next to each problem that applies to you NOW. Put a "P" next to each one that has applied to you in the PAST.

*Dopamine* Symptoms of Deficiency	*Acetylcholine* Symptoms of Deficiency	*GABA* Symptoms of Deficiency	*GABA* Symptoms continued…	*Serotonin* Symptoms of Deficiency
Poor concentration	Memory loss	Anxiety	Dizziness	Sleep disorder
Constipation	Thinking problems	Trembling	Unusual allergies	Carbohydrate craving
Low sex drive	Learning problems	Twitching	Chest pain or discomfort	PMS
Difficulty achieving orgasm	Sexual dysfunction	Feeling shaky	Restlessness	Hypertension
Impotence	Dyslexia	Feelings of dread	Rage	Arthritis
Obesity	Inflammatory disorders	Backache	Short temper	Constipation
Slow or rigid movements	Arthritis	Headache	Muscle tension/aches	Allergies
Lack of quickness	Diabetes	Difficulty concentrating	Phobias/fears	Nausea
Shuffling gait	Glaucoma	Shortness of breath	Cough/choking	Vomiting
Wide based gait	Eye disorders	Hyperventilation	Fear of dying	Insomnia
Poor walking	Cholesterol elevation	Hypervigilance	Strange thoughts or pains	Depression
Poor physical strength	Myasthenia gravis	Fatigability	Blurred vision	Memory loss
Poor blood sugar stability	Multiple sclerosis	Abnormal sense of smell	High startle responses	Weight gain
Slow metabolism	Osteoporosis	Hyperactivity	Tinnitus (ringing in ears)	Shyness
Hypoglycemia	Difficulty visualizing	Decreased libido	Seizures	Self-absorbed
Diabetes	Difficulty concentrating	Sexual dysfunction	Muscle loss	Masochistic
Mood swings	Difficulty remembering	Flushing and pallor	Manic depression	Drama queen
Anger	Loss of immediate memory	Difficulty swallowing	Mood swings	"Blues"
High blood pressure	Poor attention	"Lump in throat"	Chronic pain	Drug and alcohol addiction
Nicotine cravings	Rulebreaker	Tachycardia	Carbohydrate cravings	Thought confusion
Sugar cravings	Drama queen	Palpitations	Depression	Co-dependency
Depression	Bipolar	Butterflies in stomach	High blood pressure	Lack of pleasure
Inability to gain weight	Lack of idealism	Sweating	Constipation	Lack of common sense
Inability to lose weight	Lack of creative IQ	Sleep disorders	Protein cravings	Lack of artistic appreciation
Slow processing speed	Omissions	Cold/clammy hands	Nausea	Slow reaction time
Attention-deficit	Irrational	Diarrhea	Vomiting	Loner
Narcolepsy	“Blank-out” attention problems	Hypersomnia/insomnia	Cardiac arrhythmias	Perfectionist
Excessive sleep	“Blank-out” attention problems	Dry mouth (xerostomia)	Unstable Angina	Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
Poor attention		Night sweats	Anxious	Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
Poor abstract thinking		Urinary frequency	Lack of stability
Bone loss		Urinary dribbling	Lack of emotional maturity
Kidney problems		Incomplete emptying of the bladder	Lack of emotional IQ
Anemia		Premenstrual bleeding	Impulsive
Thyroid disorders		perimenstrual bleeding	Difficulty Concentrating
Digestion problems		Excessive menstrual bleeding	Memory problems
Joint pain		Paresthesia	Not protective of loved ones
Loner		Depersonalization	Not protective of loved ones
"Blue"		Derealization	Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)
Lack of emotions		Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)	Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)
Variable attention		Fear of people/social events
Memory Problems
Difficulty Concentrating
Procrastinator
Hedonistic

Dementia

Approximately more than 55 million individuals worldwide suffer from dementia^[4]. Within the US approximately 5.8 million individuals suffer from Alzheimer’s disease and other related dementias^[5]. Alzheimer's disease accounts for ~60% to 70% of dementia cases^[6]. Common early symptoms of dementia include short-term memory loss, repetition, getting lost, difficulties tracking bills, problems with cooking especially new or complicated meals, forgetting to take medication, and word-finding problems^[7]^[4]. Despite the high prevalence of dementia routine screening is typically not done in the majority of the population. This may be further exacerbated by the fact that patients with dementia can have poor insight into their own cognitive function and/or they are embarrassed about their situation. The following checklist relating to dementia allows providers to discuss these issues with their patients in a nonjudgmental way and helps to destigmatize dementia and raise awareness.

Signs and Symptoms That May Indicate the Need for Evaluation for Dementia

Cognitive changes:

New forgetfulness, more trouble understanding spoken and written communication, difficulty finding words, disorientation, not knowing common facts, i.e., name of the current U.S. President

Psychiatric symptoms:

Withdrawal/apathy, depression, suspiciousness, anxiety, insomnia, fearfulness, paranoia, abnormal beliefs, hallucinations

Personality changes:

Inappropriate friendliness, blunting and disinterest, social withdrawal, excessive flirtatiousness, easily frustrated, explosive spells

Problem behaviors:

Wandering, agitation, noisiness, restlessness, being out of bed at night

Changes in day-to-day functioning:

Difficulty driving, getting lost, forgetting recipes when cooking, neglecting self-care, neglecting household chores, difficulty handling money, making mistakes at work, trouble with shopping

Symptom Checklist in the Evaluation of Dementia

Impaired Cognition	Impaired Function	Mood	Mental Phenotype	Behaviors	Drives
Memory	Cooking	Depression	Low energy level	Verbal abuse	Poor appetite
Language	Finances	Self-deprecating	Apathetic	Uncooperative	Weight loss
Orientation	Housekeeping	Somatic complaint	Panic	Physically aggressive	Excessive appetite
Writing, reading	Shopping	Crying spells	Labile	"Sundowning"	Hypersexuality
Calculating	Driving	Diurnal variation	Irritable	Demands interaction	Hyposexuality
Recognizing Attention	Hearing and sight Dressing	Withdrawn Anxiety	Euphoria Delusions	Outbursts Catastrophic	Sleeping poorly Excessive sleep
Concentration	Mobility (falls)	Fatigues easily	Illusions	Noisy	Out of bed at night
Planning, organizing	Bathing, grooming	Death, suicidal	Rapid speech	Wandering
Personality change	Feeding	Disinterested	Hallucinations	Hoarding, rummaging
Executing	Continence	Anhedonia	Acute confusion	Sexual aggression
Social rules				Intrusive

Accidents: Please write down the number of times for each accident if they ever occurred to you.

Accidents	Car	Skiing	Falling	Breaking Bones	Getting Hit	Others
Severe
Moderate
Minor

Traumatic Brain Injury/Concussion

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 1.5 million Americans sustain a Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) annually^[8]. It is also considered to be one of the leading causes of disability and death within the pediatric population (26 years of age and younger). Injuries of this nature can have serious short-term and long-term effects on individuals, their families, and society. Short-term consequences may include headache, dizziness, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, temporary loss of consciousness, etc. Long-term consequences may involve problems with memory, concentration, verbal communication, impulse control, sleep, etc. In addition, patients may exhibit personality changes or suffer psychological problems, such as depression, suicidal ideation, etc. Despite the prevalence and devastating effects associated with these injuries most physicians do not routinely screen or ask patients during clinical interview about previous head trauma/concussions/TBIs. Therefore, a thorough, repetitive (concussion/TBI histories that are filled out repeatedly at intervals, often leads to better recall and more honest answers), and multipage concussion/head injury questionnaire was created and included below.

Concussion/TBI History

Please answer/circle ANYTHING and EVERYTHING that may apply to you. IT WILL BE MORE BENEFICIAL FOR CARE.

Concussion without loss of consciousness: # of times Date(s)

Concussion with loss of consciousness: # of times Date(s)

Other Head Injury/injuries* (describe): # of times Date(s)

*Please consider any of the following: Blow to head, auto accident, fight, sports injury, fall, other.

Were any of these head injuries/concussions within a four-week period of one another? Include specific dates if possible.

For each concussion or head injury:

Where on the head was the injury?

Did you experience retrograde amnesia (inability to recall short-term memories occurring prior to onset of the injury)? Y/N

Did you experience anterograde amnesia (inability to recall short-term memories occurring after onset of the injury)? Y/N

Did you experience confusion/disorientation? Y / N

Did you experience any noticeable memory decline? Y / N

Did you experience any seizures after the incident? Y / N

Did you experience other symptoms?

Did you go to the hospital? Y / N

Did you undergo a CT scan? Y / N

Did you undergo an MRI? Y / N

Did you undergo EEG? Y / N

If playing sports, did you return to play during the same game/practice?

Behavioral Changes in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Premonitory (Hours or Days Before Seizure)

Affective (depression, irritability, aggression)

Cognitive (confusion, impaired memory)

Behavioral (withdrawal)

Somatic (headache, change in body temperature, appetite, or thirst)

Simple Partial Symptoms

Sensory (illusions or hallucinations in olfactory, auditory, visual, or gustatory modes)

Autonomic/visceral (rising abdominal feeling, chest sensation, palpitation, piloerection)

Affective (depression, fear, anxiety, elation, laughing, crying, religious or sexual feeling)

Cognitive/experimental (confusion, altered familiarity [déjà vu, jamais vu], dreamy state, depersonalization, forced

thoughts, distortion of time or body image)

Complex Partial Symptoms

Impaired consciousness (blank stare, arrest of ongoing behavior)

Automatisms (lip-smacking, swallowing, fumbling or repetitive movements of hands, repetitive phrases, continuation

of ongoing behavior [e.g., walking, dealing cards])

Dystonic posturing of extremity, usually the hand

Postictal

Headache

Affective (depression, mania, aggression*)

Cognitive (confusion, amnesia, anomia, aphasia)

Psychosis

Interictal

Affective (depression, anxiety, irritability, hypomania, increased or decreased emotionality, aggression)

Cognitive (amnesia, anomia, psychomotor slowing, impaired executive and social functions)

Sexual (reduced libido, impotence, anorgasmia)

Personality (circumstantiality, humorlessness, hypergraphia, hypermoralism, obsessionalism, paranoia, religiosity,

viscosity)

Psychosis

*Usually provoked by restraint.

Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders that affect children. According to the CDC approximately 6.1 million children (age 5-17)^[9], in the United States (US), are affected. Usually, it is diagnosed during childhood, however, sometimes individuals aren’t properly diagnosed until adulthood. Some typical types of symptoms of ADHD include impulsiveness, disorganization, difficulty concentrating, mood swings, low frustration tolerance, restlessness, trouble multitasking, etc. ADHD can persist throughout adulthood and can cause problems for individuals at home, work, or with relationships. Therefore, it is imperative to properly diagnose ADHD early. So, a more thorough questionnaire designed to diagnose ADHD in adults was created and included down below.

The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale Symptom Checklist

		Never	Rarely	Sometimes	Often	Very Often	Score
	Part A: Inattention
1	How often do you make careless mistakes when you have to work on a boring or difficult project?	0	1	2	3	4
2	How often do you have difficulty keeping your attention when you are doing boring or repetitive work?	0	1	2	3	4
3	How often do you have difficulty concentrating on what people say to you, even when they are speaking to you directly?	0	1	2	3	4
4*	How often do you have trouble wrapping up the fine details of a project, once the challenging parts have been done?	0	1	2	3	4
5*	How often do you have difficulty getting things in order when you have to do a task that requires organization?	0	1	2	3	4
6*	When you have a task that requires a lot of thought, how often do you avoid or delay getting started?	0	1	2	3	4
7	How often do you misplace or have difficulty finding things at home or at work?	0	1	2	3	4
8	How often are you distracted by activity or noise around you?	0	1	2	3	4
9*	How often do you have problems remembering appointments or obligations?	0	1	2	3	4
	Part A – Total:

	Part B: Hyperactivity-impulsivity
10*	How often do you fidget or squirm with your hands or your feet when you have to sit down for a long time?	0	1	2	3	4
11	How often do you leave your seat in meetings or other situations in which you are expected to remain seated?	0	1	2	3	4
12	How often do you feel restless or fidgety?	0	1	2	3	4
13	How often do you have difficulty unwinding and relaxing when you have time to yourself?	0	1	2	3	4
14*	How often do you feel overly active and compelled to do things, like you were driven by a motor?	0	1	2	3	4
15	How often do you find yourself talking too much when you are in a social situation?	0	1	2	3	4
16	When you’re in a conversation, how often do you find yourself finishing the sentences of the people that you are talking to before they can finish them themselves?	0	1	2	3	4
17	How often do you have difficulty waiting your turn in situations when turn-taking is required?	0	1	2	3	4
18	How often do you interrupt others when they are busy?	0	1	2	3	4
	Part B – Total:

Mild Cognitive Domain Assessment

Subjective checklists can be useful in diagnosing/screening for certain disorders; however, they are not always the most accurate. Patients can be unreliable due to lack of awareness, poor historians, neuropsychiatric disturbances, denial, intentional lying, etc. Therefore, tests that provide objective measurements are also needed to evaluate brain health. Objective measures of a direct brain injury are necessary because they can confirm the severity of head trauma, concussion, cognitive impairment, neuropsychiatric disorders, medical comorbidities, etc. The MCI Domain Assessment below combines subjective and objective testing. It includes a simple subjective checklist that allows health providers to screen patients for deficits in certain domains i.e., memory, attention, judgement, IQ, etc. If a deficit is reported in one of these categories then the provider can look into the last column to see what possible objective assessments can be used to investigate the deficit further. By identifying these deficits/Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) earlier providers can prevent, slow, and sometimes reverse brain injury.

There are several objective assessments listed within the MCI Domain Assessment. The Central Nervous System Vital Signs (CNSVS), is a computerized assessment that evaluates memory, attention, simple motor performance, and executive functions. The Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA), is a computerized assessment that evaluates an individual's attention while screening for ADHD. Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) is a neuropsychological test designed to measure different types of memory functions. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) is an IQ test that evaluates intelligence and cognitive ability in older adolescents and adults. Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) assesses cognitive function including tests of memory, attention, orientation, language, and visual-spatial skills. General Ability Measure for Adults (GAMA) is a brief assessment that evaluates a person's intellectual ability. Electroencephalography (EEG/P300) is an electrophysiological monitoring method designed to record the brain’s electrical activity. In particular, the P300 wave is an event-related potential that quantifies synaptic speed during an EEG and these measurements are like a stress test of the brain.

MCI Domain Assessment

Complete this form prior to any successful treatment:

What was your baseline assessment of existing deficits?

Have you or anyone close to you noticed declines in any of the following domains? (Since your 20s)

Please check any that apply

	Domain	Yes	No	*For Staff Use - Possible Assessments*
1	Attention (Deficits indicated by missing stop signs, jumping the gun, slow response time, or inconsistency in the manner of response)			TOVA
2	Reaction Time			CNSVS, TOVA
3	Judgment (Ability to make good decisions)			CNSVS, TOVA
4	Learning ability (Understanding concepts or instructions and ability to reason)			WMS, CNSVS, WAIS
5	Delayed recall (Ability to retrieve information a given time period after which it was learned) Types: free (without assistance), cued (with assistance of stimulus or prompt), or serial (recall items/events in order in which they were learned)			WMS, CNSVS
6	Linguistic function (Ability to communicate effectively)			MMSE
7	Verbal IQ (Ability to analyze information and solve language-based problems of a literary, logical, or social type. Understanding relationships between language concepts and performing language analogies and comparisons)			WAIS
8	Performance IQ (Ability to analyze and utilize visual information, such as drawing or completing pictures, manipulating blocks to build structures)			WMS III
9	Abstract IQ (Ability to analyze information and apply knowledge in problem-solving using theories, metaphors, or complex analogies; usually involves forming ideas about the nature of objects, ideas, and processes; problems are often visual and typically do not involve social ideas)			GAMA
10	Processing Speed (How quickly/efficiently the brain processes the information it receives; ability to think and learn quickly)			CNSVS, EEG (P300)
11	Immediate Memory (A general change in ability to remember things, i.e., shortlists, things from one second to the next, recent events, etc.)			WMS, MMSE
12	General Cognitive Functioning (Ability to think about ideas, analyze situations, and solve problems)			CNSVS

International Classification of Disease (ICD)-10 Codes

Below is a condensed list of common insurance codes for various neurological, psychiatric, and medical conditions.

Possible Codes for Insurance Review
D33.2 Benign neoplasm of brain, unspecified	G23.2 Striatonigral degeneration	G47.53 Recurrent isolated sleep paralysis
E05.90 Thyrotoxicosis, unspecified without thyrotoxic crisis or storm	G23.8 Other specified degenerative diseases of basal ganglia	G47.54 Parasomnia in conditions classified elsewhere
E03.9 Hypothyroidism, unspecified	G24.01 Drug induced subacute dyskinesia	G47.59 Other parasomnia
E53.8 Deficiency of other specified B group vitamins	G24.02 Drug induced acute dystonia	G47.61 Periodic limb movement disorder
E88.9 Metabolic disorder, unspecified	G24.1 Genetic torsion dystonia	G47.62 Sleep related leg cramps
F01.50 Vascular dementia without behavioral disturbance	G24.3 Spasmodic torticollis	G47.63 Sleep related bruxism
F01.51 Vascular dementia with behavioral disturbance	G24.4 Idiopathic orofacial dystonia	G47.69 Other sleep related movement disorders
F03.90 Unspecified dementia without behavioral disturbance	G24.5 Blepharospasm	G47.8 Other sleep disorders
F05 Delirium due to known physiological condition	G24.8 Other dystonia	G80.3 Athetoid cerebral palsy
F06.30 Mood disorder due to known physiological condition, unspecified	G25.0 Essential Tremor	G91.0 Communicating hydrocephalus
F07.0 Personality change due to known physiological condition	G25.3 Myoclonus	G91.1 Obstructive hydrocephalus
F07.81 Postconcussional syndrome	G25.5 Other chorea	G93.0 Cerebral cysts
F10.182 Alcohol abuse with alcohol-induced sleep disorder	G25.69 Other tics of organic origin	G93.1 Anoxic brain damage, not elsewhere classified
F10.231 Alcohol dependence with withdrawal delirium	G25.81 Restless legs syndrome	G93.2 Benign intracranial hypertension
F10.239 Alcohol dependence with withdrawal, unspecified	G25.82 Stiff-man syndrome	G93.40 Encephalopathy, unspecified
F10.282 Alcohol dependence with alcohol-induced sleep disorder	G25.83 Benign shuddering attacks	G93.41 Metabolic encephalopathy
F10.96 Alcohol use, unspecified with alcohol-induced persisting amnestic disorder	G25.89 Other specified extrapyramidal and movement disorders	G93.7 Reye's syndrome
F10.27 Alcohol dependence with alcohol-induced persisting dementia	G25.9 Extrapyramidal and movement disorder, unspecified	G94 Other disorders of brain in diseases classified elsewhere
F10.950 Alcohol use, unspecified with alcohol-induced psychotic disorder with delusions	G30.9 Alzheimer's disease, unspecified	H47.019 Ischemic optic neuropathy, unspecified eye
F10.951 Alcohol use, unspecified with alcohol-induced psychotic disorder with hallucinations	G31.01 Pick's disease	H47.20 Unspecified optic atrophy
F10.982 Alcohol use, unspecified with alcohol-induced sleep disorder	G31.09 Other frontotemporal dementia	H47.239 Glaucomatous optic atrophy, unspecified eye
F10.99 Alcohol use, unspecified with unspecified alcohol-induced disorder	G31.1 Senile degeneration of brain, not elsewhere classified	H46.9 Unspecified optic neuritis
F11.182 Opioid abuse with opioid-induced sleep disorder	G31.83 Dementia with Lewy bodies	H53.16 Psychophysical visual disturbances
F11.282 Opioid dependence with opioid-induced sleep disorder	G31.84 Mild cognitive impairment, so stated	H81.09 Ménière's disease, unspecified ear
F11.982 Opioid use, unspecified with opioid-induced sleep disorder	G31.9 Degenerative disease of nervous system, unspecified	H81.4 Vertigo of central origin
F13.182 Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic abuse with sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic-induced sleep disorder	G35 Multiple sclerosis	H90.3 Sensorineural hearing loss, bilateral
F13.282 Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic dependence with sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic-induced sleep disorder	G37.8 Other specified demyelinating diseases of central nervous system	H90.5 Unspecified sensorineural hearing loss
F13.982 Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic use, unspecified with sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic-induced sleep disorder	G40 Epilepsy and recurrent seizures	H93.19 Tinnitus, unspecified ear
F14.182 Cocaine abuse with cocaine-induced sleep disorder	G40.A01 Absence epileptic syndrome, not intractable, with status epilepticus	J96.00 Acute respiratory failure, unspecified whether with hypoxia or hypercapnia
F14.282 Cocaine dependence with cocaine-induced sleep disorder	G40.A09 Absence epileptic syndrome, not intractable, without status epileptics	J96.10 Chronic respiratory failure, unspecified whether with hypoxia or hypercapnia
F14.982 Cocaine use, unspecified with cocaine-induced sleep disorder	G40.101 Localization-related (focal) (partial) symptomatic epilepsy and epileptic syndromes with simple partial seizures, not intractable, with status epilepticus	J96.20 Acute and chronic respiratory failure, unspecified whether with hypoxia or hypercapnia
F15.182 Other stimulant abuse with stimulant-induced sleep disorder	G40.109 Localization-related (focal) (partial) symptomatic epilepsy and epileptic syndromes with simple partial seizures, not intractable, without status epilepticus	J96.90 Respiratory failure, unspecified, unspecified whether with hypoxia or hypercapnia
F15.282 Other stimulant dependence with stimulant-induced sleep disorder	G40.3 Generalized idiopathic epilepsy and epileptic syndromes	N39.44 Nocturnal enuresis
F15.920 Other stimulant use, unspecified with intoxication, uncomplicated	G40.30 Generalized idiopathic epilepsy and epileptic syndromes, not intractable	M79.7 Fibromyalgia
F19.182 Other psychoactive substance abuse with psychoactive substance-induced sleep disorder	G40.301 Generalized idiopathic epilepsy and epileptic syndromes, not intractable, with status epilepticus	M79.1 Myalgia
F19.282 Other psychoactive substance dependence with psychoactive substance-induced sleep disorder	G43 Migraine	N52.9 Male erectile dysfunction, unspecified
F19.939 Other psychoactive substance use, unspecified with withdrawal, unspecified	G44.1 Vascular headache, not elsewhere classified	P28.3 Primary sleep apnea of newborn
F19.950 Other psychoactive substance use, unspecified with psychoactive substance-induced psychotic disorder with delusions	G47.00 Insomnia, unspecified	R06.00 Dyspnea, unspecified
F19.982 Other psychoactive substance use, unspecified with psychoactive substance-induced sleep disorder	G47.01 Insomnia due to medical condition	R06.3 Periodic breathing
F19.99 Other psychoactive substance use, unspecified with unspecified psychoactive substance-induced disorder	G47.09 Other insomnia	R06.09 Other forms of dyspnea
F32 Depressive episode	G47.10 Hypersomnia, unspecified	R06.83 Snoring
F34.0 Cyclothymic disorder	G47.11 Idiopathic hypersomnia with long sleep time	R06.89 Other abnormalities of breathing
F34.1 Dysthymic disorder	G47.13 Recurrent hypersomnia	R13.0 Aphagia
F41.1 Generalized anxiety disorder	G47.14 Hypersomnia due to medical condition	R13.10 Dysphagia, unspecified
F43.0 Acute stress reaction	G47.19 Other hypersomnia	R25.0 Abnormal head movements
F43.12 Post-traumatic stress disorder	G47.20 Circadian rhythm sleep disorder, unspecified type	R25.1 Tremor, unspecified
F44.4 Conversion disorder with motor symptom or deficit	G47.21 Circadian rhythm sleep disorder, delayed sleep phase type	R25.2 Cramp and spasm
F44.6 Conversion disorder with sensory symptom or deficit	G47.22 Circadian rhythm sleep disorder, advanced sleep phase type	R25.3 Fasciculation
F51.02 Adjustment insomnia	G47.23 Circadian rhythm sleep disorder, irregular sleep wake type	R25.9 Unspecified abnormal involuntary movements
F51.01 Primary insomnia	G47.24 Circadian rhythm sleep disorder, free running type	R40.0 Somnolence
F51.03 Paradoxical insomnia	G47.25 Circadian rhythm sleep disorder, jet lag type	R40.1 Stupor
F51.04 Psychophysiologic insomnia	G47.26 Circadian rhythm sleep disorder, shift work type	R41.2 Retrograde amnesia
F51.05 Insomnia due to other mental disorder	G47.27 Circadian rhythm sleep disorder in conditions classified elsewhere	R41.3 Other amnesia
F51.09 Other insomnia not due to a substance or known physiological condition	G47.29 Other circadian rhythm sleep disorder	R48.3 Visual agnosia
F51.11 Primary hypersomnia	G47.30 Sleep apnea, unspecified	S06.890A Other specified intracranial injury without loss of
F51.12 Insufficient sleep syndrome	G47.31 Primary central sleep apnea	T14.90XA Injury, unspecified, initial encounter
F51.13 Hypersomnia due to other mental disorder	G47.32 High altitude periodic breathing	T56.0X4A Toxic effect of lead and its compounds, undetermined, initial encounter
F51.19 Other hypersomnia not due to a substance or known physiological condition	G47.33 Obstructive sleep apnea (adult) (pediatric)	T56.1X4A Toxic effect of mercury and its compounds, undetermined, initial encounter.
F51.8 Other sleep disorders not due to a substance or known physiological condition	G47.34 Idiopathic sleep related nonobstructive alveolar hypoventilation	T56.3X4A Toxic effect of cadmium and its compounds, undetermined, initial encounter
F51.3 Sleepwalking (somnambulism)	G47.35 Congenital central alveolar hypoventilation syndrome	T56.891A Toxic effect of other metals, accidental (unintentional), initial encounter
F81.81 Disorder of written expression	G47.36 Sleep related hypoventilation in conditions classified elsewhere	T57.0X4A Toxic effect of arsenic and its compounds, undetermined, initial encounter
F81.89 Other developmental disorders of scholastic skills	G47.37 Central sleep apnea in conditions classified elsewhere	T57.2X4A Toxic effect of manganese and its compounds, undetermined, initial encounter
G10 Huntington's disease	G47.411 Narcolepsy with cataplexy	T56.7X4A Toxic effect of beryllium and its compounds, undetermined, initial encounter
G20 Parkinson's disease	G47.429 Narcolepsy without cataplexy	Z77.011 Contact with and (suspected) exposure to lead
G21.0 Malignant neuroleptic syndrome	G47.50 Parasomnia, unspecified
G21.19 Other drug induced secondary parkinsonism	G47.51 Confusional arousals
G21.8 Other secondary parkinsonism	G47.52 REM sleep behavior disorder

References

2019 Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures . Alzheimer's Assocation. Retrieved 2021-11-15
Mental Illness . National Institute of Mental Health. Retrieved 2021-11-15
Alzheimer's Disease and Healthy Aging Data . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Retrieved 2021-11-15
Dementia . World Health Organization. Retrieved 2021-11-15
Minorities and Women Are at Greater Risk for Alzheimer's Disease . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Retrieved 2021-11-15
Jeffrey L. Cummings; Alzheimer Disease. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 2002, 287, 2335-2338, 10.1001/jama.287.18.2335.
Alistair Burns; Stephen Iliffe; Dementia. BMJ 2009, 338, b75-b75, 10.1136/bmj.b75.
Report to Congress: Traumatic Brain Injury in the United States . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 2021-11-15
Data and Statistics About ADHD . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Retrieved 2021-11-15

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