In recent years, the rapid advancement of digital technologies has ushered in an era of profound transformation across industries [1]. Emerging technologies and innovative gadgets such as smartphones, computers, driverless cars, and smart wearable devices have fundamentally reshaped the methods through which customers both acquire and distribute information [2]. These advancements have led to a seismic shift in how online users connect with the world, making information more readily available and easily shareable than ever before [3]. The various innovations and digital advancements are making their mark on every sector, and supply chains are undoubtedly no exception to this trend [4]. The process of digitalization within supply chains now includes not only digital products and services but also involves managing the various supply chain processes within companies that find themselves amidst these swift and transformative changes [5]. As organizations strive to stay competitive and efficient, the integration of digital solutions and the effective utilization of data have become imperatives for success [6,7].

A firm with robust operational resilience can promptly acclimate to emerging circumstances and swiftly redistribute its resources to facilitate a speedy recuperation process [8]. Amidst a plethora of strategies aimed at enhancing operational resilience, it is discerned that digital transformation stands out as a preeminent approach to the revival and restoration of business operations [9]. Urbinati et al. [9] present compelling evidence that underscores the pivotal role played by digital transformation as a primary catalyst, actively facilitating the growth of innovative capacities within firms [10]. To sustain a competitive edge within the ever-evolving landscape, enterprises are compelled to periodically refresh and update their digital infrastructure [11].

Nevertheless, the impact of digital transformation varies across state-owned enterprises and large corporations. According to Xue et al. [11], the influence of digital transformation on a company’s operational aspects is intricately linked to both its size and distinctive characteristics [12]. Similarly, in a study by Wu et al. [12], it is disclosed that organizational innovation operates as an intermediate factor between digital technology and firm performance [13]. Furthermore, their findings indicate that the utilization of digital technology not only enhances the process of digital transformation but also contributes to the augmentation of organizational innovation.

In this unstable and rapidly changing setting, companies must stand out from their counterparts by effectively leveraging digital transformation within the realm of e-commerce logistics, to foster growth [14]. Companies are employing sophisticated analytic tools to realize digital transformation goals, foster the development of sustainable communities [15], and, consequently, elevate interactions and collaborations with customers. The significance of digital transformation for supply chain companies cannot be overstated. Embracing digital technologies and strategies is essential for supply chain firms to enhance operational efficiency, streamline processes, improve collaboration across the supply chain network, and adapt to dynamic market demands [16]. This transformation enables real-time visibility into inventory levels, demand patterns, and delivery schedules, leading to better decision making and reduced lead times [17]. Overall, the adoption of digital transformation ensures that supply chain firms remain competitive, agile, and capable of meeting the evolving needs of both customers and partners in today’s rapidly changing business landscape.

The role of technological advancement in intricate scientific exploration and the responsible allocation of digital resources during this digital age is widely acknowledged [18]. This involves upgrading its digital infrastructure through the integration of cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, and internet-based solutions, all aimed at augmenting operational effectiveness [19]. By leveraging distinctive consensus mechanisms and compatible encryption algorithms [20], blockchain technology (BCT) enables organizations to decrease transaction costs, such as negotiation, search, intermediary involvement, and information technology frameworks. Moreover, it automates the processes of aggregating, amending, and sharing data, thus eliminating the need for manual interventions [21]. Consequently, blockchain presents a remarkable opportunity for companies to elevate their operational efficiency.

Lately, there has been a noticeable trend within supply chain firms to increasingly adopt emerging technologies, including Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and blockchain, as a means of revolutionizing their operational paradigms [22]. Concurrently, the emergence of novel technological domains, such as Decentralized Finance (DeFi), has introduced a transformative influence on the conventional landscape of financial services. DeFi, underpinned by blockchain and cryptocurrency, orchestrates a fundamental reconfiguration of traditional financial activities, proffering alternatives characterized by decentralization, security, and automation [23].

By embracing the innovative solutions furnished by DeFi, these entities are afforded entry into a realm of financial mechanisms characterized by decentralization and engendering efficiencies materialized through automated procedures [24]. The inherently decentralized architecture of DeFi engenders a potential for supply chain corporations to avail themselves of decentralized liquidity pools and novel avenues for funding, thereby engendering refined strategies for capital management and the plausible reduction in borrowing expenditures [25]. Through the mechanization of intricate fiscal processes, the eradication of intermediary entities, and the abatement of the susceptibilities attributed to manual errors, these firms are poised to cultivate operational efficiencies that seamlessly transpose into heightened financial performance [26].

Furthermore, DeFi’s intrinsic ability to facilitate seamless cross-border transactions and currency conversions introduces a heightened level of efficiency to the domain of international supply chain operations, thereby engendering a milieu of cost-effectiveness that augments favorable financial ramifications [27]. DeFi’s distinctive attributes transcend these aforementioned advantages, extending to encompass the concept of asset tokenization—a transformative mechanism with the potential to fundamentally reshape the financial landscape for entities operating within the supply chain sphere [28]. This innovative paradigm possesses the potency to reconfigure extant financial strategies inherent to supply chain operations, thereby constituting a profound paradigm shift within the realm.

Amidst the envisaged advantages, it becomes imperative to meticulously deliberate upon the potential hazards. The incorporation of Decentralized Finance (DeFi) invariably introduces an aspect of volatility through its reliance on cryptocurrencies, necessitating prudent attention. An eminent challenge pertains to the imperative realm of risk management and security. While DeFi ostensibly presents a framework characterized by decentralization and security, it remains susceptible to vulnerabilities [29]. The neglect of these crucial facets could potentially culminate in subjecting enterprises to substantial fiscal losses and the erosion of their standing in the eyes of stakeholders. Within an expeditiously evolving sphere, judicious decision making holds paramount importance in optimizing financial performance at the dynamic crossroads of supply chain and DeFi technologies [30].

The increasing digitalization of supply chain firms has been complemented by the utilization of big data to enhance financial performance [31]. Within the context of DeFi-enabled supply chains, substantial volumes of data are generated throughout various stages of operations. Employing advanced analytics, supply chain firms can extract valuable insights from this data, leading to optimized inventory management, demand prediction, and risk mitigation [32]. Such analytical metrics in the digital marketing sector include KPIs such as organic/paid traffic, organic/paid traffic costs, number of website visitors, and their bounce rate [33].

Social media analytics mainly concern metrics such as the posts’ impression, profiles’ total followers, followers’ growth, and post interaction [34]. Supply chain firms can effectively monitor social media platforms to gauge customer sentiment, track market trends, and identify emerging demands [35]. Analyzing social media conversations, for example, can uncover shifts in consumer preferences, allowing firms to adapt their strategies promptly. Furthermore, engagement with the DeFi community on social media platforms fosters brand loyalty and trust, crucial factors in the context of a decentralized and trust-driven ecosystem [35]. The convergence of these technologies offers a spectrum of benefits for supply chain firms operating within the DeFi sphere, such as enhanced visibility into supply chain processes, heightened efficiency, and real-time insights that enable firms to respond agilely to dynamic market changes [36].

By strategically engaging with the DeFi community through these platforms, supply chain firms can extend their audience reach, leading to increased traffic to their websites and enhanced opportunities for conversions and sales [37]. Analyzing sentiment on DeFi social media platforms empowers firms to gauge community reactions to their products or services, directly influencing potential customer decisions and consequently impacting financial performance [38]. For supply chain firms opting to advertise on DeFi social media platforms, integrating big data and social media analytics becomes an essential driver of targeted engagement and financial optimization. [35,38]. Employing big data and social media analytics enables firms to tailor their marketing efforts precisely to the DeFi community’s preferences [39].

Notably, social media analytics encompass sentiment analysis, offering insights into users’ feelings toward specific products, services, or marketing campaigns [40]. This information enables firms to adapt their messaging and offerings according to prevailing sentiment within the DeFi community. The analysis of engagement rates, click-through rates, and conversion rates through social media analytics facilitates the measurement of advertising campaign effectiveness in real time, fostering the ability to make necessary adjustments promptly and ensure dynamic and responsive campaigns [41]. Integrating big data and social media analytics also aids in evaluating the return on investment (ROI) more comprehensively [42]. By tracking key metrics related to user engagement, acquisition costs, and revenue generated from DeFi social media advertising campaigns, firms can quantitatively evaluate the financial impact of their efforts, allowing for resource allocation efficiency and maximization of financial gains within the DeFi ecosystem [43].