Universe & Anharmonic Oscillator & Singularity Avoidance Higgs: Comparison
Please note this is a comparison between Version 19 by Arnaud Andrieu and Version 18 by Arnaud Andrieu.

The functioning of our universe and atomic is based on the oscillation of the particle itself and asymmetrically between matter and antimatter. This mechanism is a classical an-harmonic oscillator and uses a linear oscillation of the particle, where the energy can be represented by the graph of a potential well followed by the principle of energy conservation between kinetic energy and potential energy. This an-harmonic oscillation therefore occurs with an gravitational oscillator (see "hole through the earth simple harmonic motion"), followed by an singularity avoidance. Indeed the important kinetics of the particle leads to an singularity avoidance over the supermassive black hole to plot the Higgs field.

  • universe
  • anharmonic oscillator
  • singularity avoidance
  • gravitational oscillator
  • kartazion
  • cyclic model
  • oscillating Universe
  • oscillating model
  • Higgs
  • theory

1. Introduction

The theory and the thought experiment of this paper followed by the observations and calculations already acquired, lead us to the following reasoning.



Once Upon a Time the Universe: Anharmonic Oscillator

Figure 1. Once Upon a Time the Universe: Anharmonic Oscillator.

The functioning of our universe and atomic is based on the oscillation of the particle itself [1][2][3]. This mechanism is a classical an-harmonic oscillator and uses a linear oscillation of the particle, where the energy can be represented by the graph of a potential well between kKinetic eEnergy and pPotential energyEnergy through an gravitationnal oscillator. This an-harmonic oscillation therefore occurs between matter and antimatter [4][5], followed by an avoidance of the gravitational singularity. This singularity avoidance [16][27][38] is of the supermassive black hole and/or big-bang type and is due to the high kinetics of the particle. On the other hand, and at total rest at x=0, this particle is at the bottom of the potential well, atin the lowest level, at the singularity, namely the total collapse of the universe which represents a state of true vacuum. But again and by a more sustained oscillation, a singularity avoidance which isoccurs in opposite of rest the rest, and creates the levitation of the particle into higher energy levels in its potential well. This singularity avoidance allows access to the current false vacuum without falling at the bottom of the well, thanks to theand is due through to the high Kinetic Energy or the and/or inertia of the particle. The role of the singularity in our model is fundamental and implies that it is the source and driver of the actual known result of quantum and cosmological fluctuations in relation to the motion of the particle.



Harmonic Oscillator vs Anharmonic Oscillator. Indeed the difference is made here and is between the ideal harmonic layout and the absolut anharmonic layout of the energy potential well. In the case of singularity avoidance due to the high Kinetic Energy of the particle, the plot of the curve of the potential well tends towards a harmonic shape rather than an anharmonic one. Moreover the anharmonic implication can be double: the variation of speed of the particle followed by the shape of the potential well due to the singularity can involve this anharmonicity. More exhaustively we can still imply the internuclear distance and the morse potentials to give an another characteristic of anharmonicity to the oscillator.



In the following illustration Figure 12, Figure 3 an the integration of the gravitational singularity at x=0 is not yet represented disturbs the harmonic shape of the potential well. The greater the kinetics of the particle in its oscillation, the more the shape of the potential well tends towards harmony by avoidance of gravitational singularity. But if the kinetics of the particle is stopped, then the particle falls at the bottom of this gravitational singularity and traces the anharmonicity of the potential well.

Potential Well Energy OscillatorFigure 1. Oscillator energy potential well and energy path.

If the energy potential well in Figure 1 has a curved shape, it represents the form of the amount of energy delivered to the particle according to x. Which does not mean that the particle moves in a half-moon. The particle moves nice and well in a straight line in a radiative or linear way. In the Figure 1 we can distinguish three types of possible interpretations of the states and energy paths of the particle. At 1 and at the bottom of the harmonic energy potential well at x=0, we have the rest of the motionless particle (or ZPE). In 2 and with Kinetic Energy applied to the particle is at x=0 the maximum speed of the particle and drawing a harmonic curve. In 3 it should be noted that the ideal trajectory of the energy is of the short circuit type between matter and antimatter and would trace a straight line, i.e. the shortest energy path in the potential well. This utopian energy path is actually impossible for the particle to take. However, the annihilation of the electron/positron pair into a gamma photon should indicate a short-circuit type trajectory, and ultimately define the characteristic of a boson. In the following illustration Figure 2 an integration of the gravitational singularity disturbs the harmonic shape of the potential well. The greater the kinetics of the particle in its oscillation, the more the shape of the potential well tends towards harmony by avoidance of gravitational singularity. But if the kinetics of the particle is weak, then the particle falls at the bottom of this gravitational singularity and traces the anharmonicity of the potential well.





Gravitational Oscillator Singularity Avoidance

Figure 2. Singularity avoidance by kinetic and anharmonicity vs , and anharmonicity.



Gravitational Oscillator Singularity Avoidance Figure 3. Singularity avoidance by kinetic energy of the particle.

In a second part of this introduction, it is a question of the singularity avoidance where the particle through its potenetial energy path, traces the Higgs field. Theis Potential Energy is in relation to the depth of the gravitationnal singularity, because to pass over a black hole would have for value an enormous Potential Energy, and would trace the curve of the potential of Higgs of it (Figure 4). 

Gravitational Oscillator Singularity Avoidance HiggsFigure 4. Singularity avoidance through the Higgs field.



2. PeGrpetuavitational Oscillationor & Ideal Distribution of Energies

Perpetual motion is utopian. But in our case it represents an oscillation without mechanical constraint followed by the principle and of energy the law of conservation of energy. In an interpretation of classical mechanics, the an-harmonic oscillation of the particle can be represented through a gravitational oscillator (Figure 5). It is initially used gravity to subject by attraction a movement to the particle. Here is the example chosen of an oscillation of the particle which uses the same direction as the vector of gravity. to be able to moveThe acquisition of kinetic energy through potential energy in vacuum condition allows endless continuity of motion. Its description is based on the "hole tHole Through the earthEarth Example" [49][510] which does not really have an example in French but which is nevertheless well studied for its principle. Here is hiswe have an summary explanation: "If you drilled a hole in the axis of the Earth from pole to pole, and inserted a long, thin vacuum chamber into it, and then dropped an object into one end of that chamber, it would fall into the hole, picking up speed and it would move very fast when it reached the center of the Earth so it would continue until it reached the other pole where it would stop, then fall back "bounce" to come back and start again perpetually." (Search engine and keywords with 'hole through the earth simple harmonic motion').

Gravitational Oscillator Potential & Kinetic Energy PE KEFigure 5. Gravitational oscillator and energy conservation by potential & kinetic energy.

This linear gravitational oscillator in Figure 5 uses a particle of mass m oscillating vertically along the gravity vector G. The oscillation has two phases. The first is the falling phase of the particle with its Potential Energy PE and the second is the reverse phase which corresponds to the Kinetic Energy KE. Example: It is from the center of the Earth that which is in Potential Energy is transformed into Kinetic Energy and is reversed at the level ofat the point 0 orof origine x=00 and vice-veorsa x=0.

In the following illustration in Figure 6, the integration of the gravitationnal singularity is not yet represented.

Potential Well Energy OscillatorFigure 6. Oscillator energy potential well and energy path.

If the energy potential well in Figure 6 has a curved shape, it represents the form of the amount of energy delivered to the particle according to x. Which does not mean that the particle moves in a half-moon. The particle moves nice and well in a straight line in a radiative and linear way. In the Figure 6 we can distinguish three types of possible interpretations of states or/and energy paths due to displacement of the particle. In 1 and at the bottom of the harmonic potential well at x=0, we have the rest of the motionless particle or the ZPE (the lowest possible energy in a quantum system [11]). In 2 and with the Kinetic Energy applied to the particle, is at x=0 the maximum speed of the particle and drawing an energy path in a form of harmonic curve. In 3 it should be noted that the ideal trajectory of the energy path is the short circuit type between matter and antimatter and would trace a straight line, namely the shortest energy path in the potential well. This utopian energy path is actually not the conventional form of energy delivered to the particle. However, the annihilation of the electron/positron pair into a gamma photon should indicate this short-circuit type trajectory, and finally defined the characteristic of a boson.

3. Kinetic Energy & Potential Energy

In conclusion, for the gravitational oscillator presented in Figure 5, use the distribution of the two energies follows the following Figure 67 and operates according to the linear displacement of the particle, i.e. the alternation of the Potential Energy PE with the Kinetic Energy KE [12][13][14][15][16][17].

Potential & Kinetic Energy PE KEFigure 67. Oscillation cycle and alternation of Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy.

Potential Energy - Kinetic Energy = 0



4. Source of Quantum Fluctuations & Gravitational Singularity

In our model the source [18] and the material existence as we know it, is based on the implication of the singularity of the big-bang type for the universe [19][20] and of the supermassive black hole type for the functioning fofr the galaxies [21][22][23], and other theoretical singularity as forlike that of the center of an atom [624]. In other words, the divergent evolution of the volume of the singularity is responsible for the presence of the matter that remains in its space-time. As gravity (Potential Energy) pulls the particle towards the core of the singularity, and who approaches it to fall inside, is then suddenly expelled by pure energy emanating from that same singularity [25][26][27]. Indeed the singularity generates in 1 the gravitational attraction noted Potential Energy PE. and in 2The acquisition of the Kinetic Energy to the prediction that the sarticle is accumulates through the movement due to the Potential Energy, and a potential energy barrier allow to deflect the particle out of the singularity. The emanation of this energy complementary to the total Kinetic Energy is in 2 the source of energy is by scratching and/or astrophysical relativistic jet noted Kinetic Energy KE or Hawking radiation emanates from this same singularity and [7][8]to make an avoidance of it. Moreover in 3 it should be noted that the singularity generates eletric charges on the particle.

In a more speculative and exotic definition and given our knowledge of the singularity in terms of gravitation followed by its ratio of time dilation, we could associate the center of the earth as such. Indeed for the particle which oscillates in the radiative oscillation from the center to the surface and vice versa, it becomes easy to imagine an gravitationnal singularity avoidance at the level of the Earth's core in the same way as the supermassive black hole in relation to its galaxy [928][1029].

5. Singularity Avoidance & Higgs

Singularity avoidance [16][27][38] is due to the high Kinetic Energy of the particle. At x=0 when the particle is going as fast as possible, its Kinetic Energy allows it not to fall at the bottom of the well at the level of the gravitational singularity. Gravity (Potential Energy) corresponds to the matter attracted towards this singularity, while energy pushes it back [25][26]. In our case it is simply a particle rather than a cluster of matter. 

Gravitational Oscillator Potential & Kinetic Energy PE KEFigure 78. Gravitational oscillator and singularity avoidance.



A significant kinetics of the particle makes it possible to avoid the singularity, and the path takes above this singularity by the particle determines the plot of the Higgs field (vector). Another example of singularity avoidance andwith the Higgs implication (scalar field) [1130].



Gravitational Oscillator Avoidance Singularity HiggsFigure 89. Gravitational oscillator and singularity avoidance through Higgs filed.

In a second time the theoretical junction between the singularity avoidance and the Higgs field can be done by the enormous Potential Energy. Indeed, the Potential Energy being that in relation to the depth of the gravitational singularity gives the particle a much greater mass, or even a maximum value.



Gravitational Oscillator Avoidance Singularity Higgs Mass-Potential

Figure 910. Potential Energy in relation to the depth of the gravitational singularity.

The Higgs field and potential are also well used to be able to represent the metastability [1231][1332][1433] of the universe, as well as its interpretation as a quantum particle for its origin of the mass.

Singularity avoidance = enormous Potential Energy = Higgs mechanism = mass link



6. Second Interpretation of Singularity Avoidance

It should be understood that in the event of a stopping of the kinetics of the particle due to the potential barrier, the particle will then tend to pass through the virtual slit of the tunnel effect in Figure 12, instead of the singularity avoidance by the Higgs field and finds itself at the level of the black hole horizon event. This being said, this does not mean that the particle will finally reach true vacuum because kinetic energy is then sent or subjected to the particle in order to be able to eject [7][8] it again into the upper harmonic well of our universe/galaxies. This is to be considered as a singularity avoidance at the horizon event of a black hole (Figure 10).

Figure 10. Singularity avoidance at the horizon event of a black hole by quantum tunneling and Hawking radiation.

76. Orbit, Inertia, ZPE & Potential Barrier

We indicate a Potential Energy barrier around gravitational singularities [1534]. This barrier is due to the deformation of the space-time curvature. At least a difference in level where the Potential Energy is felt around the mass object. Without Kinetic Energy, the inertia of the object (or particle) allows it to slide along the potential barrier that defines the path of the orbit around an even more massive object. In other words, the deformation of the space-time curvature due to an average object is felt at the level of the heights of the energies, and creates a barrier (Figure 112).

Gravitational Oscillator Avoidance Singularity Orbit

Figure 112. Singularity avoidance by inertia and orbit path.

The ZPE (Zero Point Energy) represents the initial perturbation of the particle. At the quantum level this means that when the particle is at rest at the bottom of the harmonic potential well, the particle undergoes an oscillating disturbance. In cosmology this disturbance represents the inertial movement as an object orbiting around the gravitational singularity/massive object. In other words, the initial quantum disturbance of the Zero Point Energy (ZPE) corresponds to the cosmological movement of the object/particle located in the false vacuum in orbit around the gravitational singularity [1635]. Deformation also occurs for massive objects like stars.



7. Second Interpretation of Singularity Avoidance

It should be understood that in the event of a attempt to stop followed by slowing down of the kinetics of the particle due to the high potential barrier, the particle will then tend to pass through by the tunnel effect, instead of the singularity avoidance by the Higgs field and finds itself at the level of the black hole horizon event. This being said, this does not mean that the particle will finally reach true vacuum because the minimum kinetic/inertia was then send to the particle in order to be able to take the contuinity of its journey throug the event horizon. This contrary scenario of the Kinetic Energy sent or subjected to the particle in order to be able to eject it again into the upper harmonic well of our universe/galaxies, represent the singularity avoidance by Higgs mecanism toward the upper harmonic energy well of our universe/galaxies. This second Interpretation is to be considered as a singularity avoidance at the horizon event of a black hole (Figure 11) instead of the singularity avoidance over it by the Higgs field. 

Figure 11. Singularity avoidance at the horizon event of a black hole by quantum tunneling and Hawking radiation.

 

8. Vacuum Metastability

Vacuum metastability is determined by the amount of Kinetic Energy applied to the particle to trace its potential field. If the Kinetic Energy of the particle is sufficient and therefore if the range of the energy condition allows the energy potential barrier to be passed, then singularity avoidance occurs; But during an attenuation of the kinetics of the particle or even a total stop of the inertia, that will cause by its amount of lower energy its fall towards the singularity and will reach the true vacuum (corresponds to the total collapse of the universe). In other words, the inertial disturbance of the ZPE of the particle makes it possible to remain in the false vacuum by inertia, until a fictitious drop in this energy slows it down and then causes it to fall through a virtual slit to reach the trueanother/middle/true/ vacuum (the vacuum metastability has been revised [36]).



Singularity Avoidance Tunnel Effect Well

Figure 123. Tunnel Effect and virtual slit.

Without any kinetic energy being subjected to the particle, it will take the path of total collapse through the virtual slit/slots. The kinetic energy helps avoid passing through the slit. Bifurcation in Figure 134 is directly related to energy dissociation [1737][1838][1939] for each higher potential well level and ionic covalent bonding [2040][2141][2242][2343][2444]. A large amount of kinetic energy allows the particle to pass through the upper well by the energy dissociation.

Bifurcation and ionic covalent bondingFigure 134. Bifurcation [2545] and virtual slit and level of energies. Energy dissociation and upper well.

9. Graviton & Potential Energy

In Figure 14 5 and according to the units of Planck, the number and the quantity of gravitons put end to end (point to point) along the vector of gravity G, then gives the total of the energy of gravitational potential. Each increment/decrement of the graviton, is obtained by adding or subtracting a linear total of energy quanta, which can be represented by the size of the particle. It becomes easy to take into account the number of gravitons accumulated over the length of a ray noted in nm where this ray is parallel to the length of the vector G inorder to be able to have a relationship between the number of gravitons in relation to the Potential Energy [2646][2747].

Graviton vs Potential Energy

Figure 145. Relationship between number of gravitons in relation to the Potential Energy.

10 -. Asymmetry CP Matter Antimatter

Most important is the role and the why of antimatter. As we can see the gravitational oscillator looks like a balanced perpetual motion without mechanical constraints. It is precisely on this side of the balance without mechanical constraint of the oscillation, that it makes that between Kinetic Energy and gravitation (Potential Energy) the role of the antimatter becomes important. This allows the particle to simply bounce (due to deceleration from depletion of the particle's Kinetic Energy) to turn around using Potential Energy. There is therefore no impact of the particle that occurs in its cycle of oscillation. The Dirac Sea is a perfect representation of what the electron becomes in the depths of energy. Dirac predicts antimatter and the positron [2848]. We must therefore imply an anti-inflation followed by its anti-universe. This therefore explains why we do not find the expected antimatter in the matter side of the universe, because antimatter is indeed found on the anti-universe side. In conclusion during a high energy collision, the annihilation of the pairs of particles make detect thanks to the gamma photon the presence of antimatter through the space-time.

11. Symmetry Breaking CP & Arrow of Time T

We understand that the symmetry breaking is located at x=0 at the level of the gravitational singularity. There is therefore a link between the Higgs potential and the symmetry breaking around x=0. If the charge and the parity CP are inter-changed following a linear movement of the particle either from bottom to top, then the arrow of time is perpendicular and flows for example from left to right. Still based on the oscillation of the particle itself, its presence distribution through its momentum and its position according to x (displacement) is asymmetrically arranged between matter and antimatter [2949]. Indeed the particle cannot be on matter and antimatter at the same time.



Fermionic Model & Aymmetry Matter Antimatter

Figure 156. Asymmetry between leptons and antileptons, and leptogenesis.

12. Path of the Particle, Quantum Fluctuation & Dark Matter

Based on the functioning of the mechanism of the anharmonic oscillator, involves during the movement of the particle, to make it go through different physical stages due to its high speed of displacement between matter and antimatter. We can also talk about the particle's energy flow to express the different cosmological or quantum states observed (Kasimir effect, etc.)

[3050][3151]

. The path of the particle is therefore linear and forms round trips. The path of the particle is therefore radiative. When the particle reaches a sufficient speed, a transformation into mass energy by the equivalence principle occurs. A small trace of this energy is found in vacuum and represents quantum vacuum energy. The successive addition of vacuum energy gives dark matter. In other words, the convergence of the energy flow (quantum fluctuation) of the quantum vacuum, in a more restricted space, close to the singularity, then in turn becomes dark matter

[3252][3353][3454]

. At its opposite and the opposite of the singularity, there is matter expressed by quantum chromodynamics. Dark matter and quantum vacuum energy/quantum fluctuation is produced with the condition of the particle moving at very high speeds. Here in

Figure 16 is an example of the absolute path taken by the particle.



7 is an example of the absolute path taken by the particle.



Path Particle & Neutrino

Figure 167. Absolute path taken by the particle through the oscillation.

Here in Figure 178 is a simple energy potential well to explain dark matter and quantum vacuum and quantum chromodynamics in relation to the oscillator energy potential well:



Path Particle & Aymmetry Matter Antimatter

Figure 178. Explain dark matter and quantum vacuum and quantum chromodynamics in relation to the oscillator energy potential well.

13. Dark Energy

Dark energy corresponds to the increase in the size of the potential well. In the gravitational oscillator, the incrementation of the particle, that is to say a height of radiation greater than the previous height in the potential well, is produced by additional energy called dark energy; And which makes the particle advance further and further from its gravitational source. The example of a galaxy, where inside does not know an expansion of size in relation to its super massive black hole, uses a constant amount of Kinetic Energy in relation to gravity (Potential Energy). The increase in this Kinetic Energy that we have seen so far, then becomes dark energy, while it is only a amount of energy greater than the previous energy impulse. In other words, to move the particle further and further away from the singularity (i.e. big-bang) with the gravitational oscillator, more energy is needed. This extra amount of energy is dark energy [3555][3656][3757][3858].

14. Quantum Superposition

Schrödinger's Cat is a thought experiment that illustrates the result of the quantum superposition paradox. If the particle is on A, then it cannot be on B. But at very high frequencies the particle has almost a 50% chance of being on A and B at the same time, hence the superposition state. If you were to randomly choose a position between A and B, then you would either have the particle in the hand (alive) or no particle in the hand, hence the cat experiment. In Prediction; The quantum superposition states is at least straddling matter and antimatter before being detected on the matter side [3959][4060][4161].

Figure 189. Combination of quantum superposition states.

15. Quantum ChromoDynamics

Quantum ChromoDynamics (QCD) would only be a duplication of the particle itself. It describes the mechanics of the quark superposition transition. In other words, quantum chromodynamics is the alternation of the particle itself to form the different combinations of quarks. QCD is the oscillation of the field which interferes with the particle in its convergence of the position towards its point of oringne 0 [624] and relating to the coupling constant (gauge coupling parameter). On the other hand during the material divergence due to the corelation of the particle on the surface of the energy sea, separating the quarks (which is only e.g. the alternating oscillation of the particle between 0 and 1 and 2) acts on the contrary of the coupling constant on asymptotic freedom [4262][4363][4464][4565][4666]. It becomes obvious to make the link between entropy and plsma oscillation [4767][4868][4969][5070][5171][5272].

Quantum ChromoDynamics & coupling constant & asymptotic freedom & entropy

Figure 1920. Quantum ChromoDynamics and coupling constant and asymptotic freedom. 

The gluon makes it possible to maintain the coherence of the quark in relation to the asymptotic freedom. But we can also understand that the gluon is more important and in terms of connection during the variation of the coupling constant towards its convergence at the level of the confinement of the quarks [5373][5474][5575]. Here we understand through quantum chromodynamics, which represents finite matter, that the general interaction field of quarks in its form of confinement, shapes objects as we perceive them (entropy [5676]). In other words, the general field of the universe guides the quarks by forming the different atoms through the harmonic oscillator. This field is responsible for where the particle is located in the universe.

Quantum ChromoDynamic

Figure 201. Quantum ChromoDynamics.

16. Particle Radiation & Boson

The implication of radiation is simply due to the fact that the particle in its oscillation is linear. The direction of the work of the particle is along the vector of gravity, namely parallel to it. The gravitational oscillator has two types of radiation. First there is the vertical radiation, called fermionic, i.e. the normal oscillation of the particle from bottom to top and from top to bottom; And there is the horizontal radiation, or bosonic radiation which is not the oscillator. For the fermionic radiation and with the example of the lepton we have a movement of the particle from bottom to top in the oscillator which makes it possible to transport an electric charge to the surface of the sea of energy. In the opposite direction, either from top to bottom the particle goes down again in neutrino, or with a neutral charge. IOW this model, there is the link between Kinetic Energy and electric charge, and the neutrino follows the Potential Energy, (gravity). Bosonic radiation, in its analogous interpretation, emits a kind of electric arc that occurs horizontally.

Vertical RadiationFigure 221. Fermionic radiation and Bosonic radiation.

17. Atom & Quantum Atom

The quantum atom is basically composed of quantum leap of the particle between matter and anti-matter. These jumps correspond to the Bottom-up oscillation and have an almost instantaneous value. They can for example be of the order of a few million or a few billion jumps in a nanosecond. The Pauli exclusion is always respected because there is only one particle present per atom created by a reiteration of its position in different and unique states.



Pure quantum atom. The pure quantum atom is non-isotropic. It corresponds to the two choices which is that of the neutron N or the proton P. The reiteration in a series of Neutrons N followed by Protons P (same number of N as of P) is a pure atom. The atomic model described in Figure 223 represents the synopsis of the logical sequence of the oscillation mechanism of a single moving particle. Here is the diagram of the anharmonic characteristic of the particle. Its oscillation is located between matter and antimatter, where between two its acceleration would then be almost instantaneous by singularity avoidance. We can see by the anharmonic oscillator the classic version of the internuclear distance followed by the morse potentials to be able to give the energy wanted to the particle.



Anharmonic Oscillation Morse Potential Internuclear Distance

Figure 223. Anharmonic oscillator and internuclear distance and morse potentials and energy applied to the particle.

In Figure 234 the neutrino represents the particle without electric charge and is electrically neutral. The neutrino has a direct relationship with that of Potential Energy [5777]. On the contrary, when the particle is emitted by Kinetic Energy, the latter carries an electric charge.



Atomic radiation

Figure 234. Quantum Atom and neutrino.

The dosage of the Kinetic Energy through the anharmonic oscillator with the internuclear distance makes it possible to deliver the amount of energy necessary in term of electron-volt.



Atomic radiation

Figure 245. Quantum Atom an amount of energy applied to the particle.



Thanks to the principle of reiteration, and if you had the choice between neutron and proton, the probability of finding an N neutron followed by a P proton like NP or NPN in the atomic nuclei is substantial. Which brings us, and in relation to the atomic signature, to the conclusion of a composition rich in Deuterium, Tritium and Helium 4-5-6.



Thanks to the principle of reiteration, and if you had the choice between neutron and proton, the probability of finding an N neutron followed by a P proton like NP or NPN in the atomic nuclei is substantial. Which brings us, and in relation to the atomic signature, to the conclusion of a composition rich in Deuterium, Tritium and Helium 4-5-6.



deuterium-atom

Figure 256. Deuterium Atom and reiteration of NP



tritium-atom

Figure 267. Tritium Atom and reiteration of NPN.



helium-atom

Figure 278. Helium Atom and reiteration of NP NPN.

The line spacing corresponds to the atomic signature as a function of the energy delivered by the particle. The smaller the energy in electron volts, the larger the line spacing. The absence of lines indicates that there are no particles in the field to be studied. Each line represents the path to the singularity by neutrinos as it descends, and responsible for the electrical charges generated as it ascends.

18. Example Structure & Conclusion

Virtual particles are very well studied in Quantum Field Theory. Here [5878] is the synoptis and the interpretation in image of what is a virtual particle production. Indeed we see there an extrapolation from the particle to the antiparticle as naturally as an an-harmonic oscillator [59][6079].

The constitution of the physical laws as well as the result of this chaos of the universe until us suggests that it was premeditated.

The name of the main theory described in this paper is called Kartazion. Kartazion model of quantum physics and cosmological according to Arnaud Andrieu.



anharmonic-oscillatior-ground-and-excited-state






















References

  1. Iberê Kuntz; Roberto Casadio; Singularity avoidance in quantum gravity. PJohn. D. Barrow; Mariusz. P. Dabrowski; Oscillating universes. Monthlysics Letters B 2020, 80 Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 1995, 2, 135219, 10.1016/j.physletb.2020.135219.75, 850-862, 10.1093/mnras/275.3.850.
  2. V Husain; Singularity avoidance, lattices, and quantum gravity. CYun-Song Piao; Yuan-Zhong Zhang; Inflation in oscillating universe. Nucleanadian Journal of Physics B 2008, 86, 583-586, 10.1139/p07-201.5, 725, 265-274, 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2005.07.021.
  3. J Brunnemann; T Thiemann; On (cosmological) singularity avoidance in loop quantum gravity. ClasItzhak Goldman; Nathan Rosen; Gravitation Theory and Oscillating Universe. Physical and Quantum GraRevity ew D 1972006, 23, 1395-1427, 10.1088/0264-9381/23/5/001., 5, 1285-1287, 10.1103/physrevd.5.1285.
  4. Andrew J. Simoson; Falling down a Hole through the Earth. MatRoy A. Briere; LHCb Collaboration; Observing Matter-Antimatter Oscillations. Phematysics Magazine 2004, 77, 171, 10.2307/3219113.13, 6, 1-3, 10.1103/physics.6.26.
  5. Journey through the center of the Earth . Hyperphysics. Retrieved 2022-7-28M.K. Parida; Natural mass scales for observable matter-antimatter oscillations in SO(10). Physics Letters B 1983, 126, 220-224, 10.1016/0370-2693(83)90594-4.
  6. The hydrogen atom with an origin centred singularity . ResearchGate. Retrieved 2022-7-28Iberê Kuntz; Roberto Casadio; Singularity avoidance in quantum gravity. Physics Letters B 2020, 802, 135219, 10.1016/j.physletb.2020.135219.
  7. How is Matter Ejected from an Event Horizon Around a Black Hole? . The National Radio Astronomy Observatory. Retrieved 2022-7-28V Husain; Singularity avoidance, lattices, and quantum gravity. Canadian Journal of Physics 2008, 86, 583-586, 10.1139/p07-201.
  8. Don N Page; Hawking radiation and black hole thermodynamics. NewJ Brunnemann; T Thiemann; On (cosmological) singularity avoidance in loop quantum gravity. Classical and JoQuanturnal of Phm Gravitysics 2005, 7, 203-203, 10.1088/1367-2630/7/1/203.6, 23, 1395-1427, 10.1088/0264-9381/23/5/001.
  9. A Marasco; G Cresci; L Posti; F Fraternali; F Mannucci; A Marconi; F Belfiore; S M Fall; A universal relation between the properties of supermassive black holes, galaxies, and dark matter haloes. Andrew J. Simoson; Falling down a Hole through the Earth. Monathly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Sociematics Magazinety 20021, 504, 77, 4274-4293, 10.1093/mnras/stab2317., 171, 10.2307/3219113.
  10. Andrew King; The Supermassive Black Hole—Galaxy Connection. null 2013, 49, 427-451, 10.1007/978-1-4939-2227-7_21.Journey through the center of the Earth . Hyperphysics. Retrieved 2022-7-28
  11. Luca Fabbri; Black Hole singularity avoidance by the Higgs scalar field. TheTimothy H Boyer; Quantum zero-point energy and long-range forces. Annals Europeanf Physical Journal C 2s 197018, 78, 1028, 10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6505-6., 56, 474-503, 10.1016/0003-4916(70)90027-8.
  12. Marcelo Gleiser; Metastability in the early Universe. PhyC. A. Coulson; R. P. Bell; Kinetic energy, potential energy and force in molecule formation. Transic. Faradal Review D y Soc. 1990, 45, 42, 3350-3361, 10.1103/physrevd.42.3350.1, 141-149, 10.1039/tf9454100141.
  13. Katherine J. Mack; Robert McNees; Bounds on extra dimensions from micro black holes in the context of the metastable Higgs vacuum. Robert C. Hilborn; Galilean Transformations of Kinetic Energy, Work, and Potential Energy. The Physicals Review D Teacher 2019, 99, 063001, 10.1103/physrevd.99.063001., 57, 40-43, 10.1119/1.5084927.
  14. Itzhak Bars; Paul J. Steinhardt; Neil Turok; Cyclic cosmology, conformal symmetry and the metastability of the Higgs. William D. Harkins; The Change of Molecular Kinetic Energy into Molecular Potential Energy. Proceedings of thysics Lettere National Academy of Sciences B 20 1913, 726, 50-55, 10.1016/j.physletb.2013.08.071.9, 5, 539-546, 10.1073/pnas.5.12.539.
  15. Nikolaos Tetradis; Black holes and Higgs stability. R. H. Schwendeman; Comparison of Experimentally Derived and Theoretically Calculated Derivatives of the Energy, Kinetic Energy, and Potential Energy for CO. The Journal of Coshemology and Astroparticleical Physics 20 1966, 2016, 036-036, 10.1088/1475-7516/2016/09/036., 44, 2115-2119, 10.1063/1.1726989.
  16. Bernhard Haisch; Alfonson Rueda; H.E. Puthoff; Physics of the zero-point field: implications for inertia, gravitation and mass. SpecR. F. Snider; Conversion between kinetic energy and potential energy in the classical nonlocal Boltzmann equation. Journalations in Science and Technolog of Statistical Phy sics 1997, 25, 80, 99-114, 10.1023/a:1018516704228., 1085-1117, 10.1007/bf02179865.
  17. E.M Henley; High energy diffractive dissociation of pions and the A1. AnRory O. Rafi Y. Thompson; Efficiency of conversion of kinetic energy to potential energy by a breaking internal gravity wave. Journals of PhysicGeophysical Res earch 1971, 63, 541-548, 10.1016/0003-4916(71)90027-3.80, 85, 6631, 10.1029/jc085ic11p06631.
  18. Krishnanand Sinha; On the oscillator strength and the dissociation energy of CN molecules. RJevgenijs Kaupuzs; Energy fluctuations and the singularity of specific heat in a 3D Ising model. Sescond IntearchGatrnational Symposium on Fluctuations and Noise 1986, 2004, 1, 1-6., 480-491, 10.1117/12.546493.
  19. J. Hussels; N. Hölsch; C.-F. Cheng; E. J. Salumbides; H. L. Bethlem; K. S. E. Eikema; Ch. Jungen; M. Beyer; F. Merkt; W. Ubachs; et al. Improved ionization and dissociation energies of the deuterium molecule. John D. Barrow; Robert J. Scherrer; Constraining density fluctuations with big bang nucleosynthesis in the era of precision cosmology. Physical Review A D 2022, 105, 022820, 10.1103/physreva.105.022820.18, 98, 043534, 10.1103/physrevd.98.043534.
  20. C. H. L. Goodman; Ionic-Covalent Bonding in Crystals. NM. Giovannini; M. E. Shaposhnikov; Primordial Magnetic Fields, Anomalous Matter-Antimatter Fluctuations, and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. Physical Review Leture ters 1960, 198, 87, 590-591, 10.1038/187590a0.0, 22-25, 10.1103/physrevlett.80.22.
  21. John Bannister Goodenough; First-order changes in ionic/covalent bonding. FeKouji Nakamura; Shigelu Konno; Yoshimi Oshiro; Akira Tomimatsu; Quantum Fluctuations of Black Hole Geometry. Progroelectress of Theoretical Physics 1992, 133, 90, 77-86, 10.1080/00150199208019535., 861-870, 10.1143/ptp.90.861.
  22. E.V. Kolontsova; Å.â. Êîëîíöîâà; Radiation-induced states in crystals with ionic-covalent bonds. UspekhiJianwei Mei; Fluctuating black hole horizons. Journal of FHizicheskih Nauk gh Energy Physics 201987, 3, 20151, 149-172, 10.3367/ufnr.0151.198701g.0149.3, 195, 10.1007/jhep10(2013)195.
  23. Weizhang Huang; Weishi Liu; Yufei Yu; Permanent charge effects on ionic flow: a numerical study of flux ratios and their bifurcation. Tomohiro Takahashi; Jiro Soda; Hawking radiation from fluctuating black holes. Classical and Quantum GrXiv avity 20210, 1, 1-31, https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2003.11223., 27, 1-35, 10.1088/0264-9381/27/17/175008.
  24. Giulia L. Celora; Matthew G. Hennessy; Andreas Münch; Barbara Wagner; Sarah L. Waters; The dynamics of a collapsing polyelectrolyte gel. null 2021, 1, 1-34, https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2105.06495.The hydrogen atom with an origin centred singularity . ResearchGate. Retrieved 2022-7-28
  25. M. B. Fröb; C. Rein; R. Verch; Graviton corrections to the Newtonian potential using invariant observables. Journal of High Energy Physics 2022, 2022, 1-29, 10.1007/jhep01(2022)180.How is Matter Ejected from an Event Horizon Around a Black Hole? . The National Radio Astronomy Observatory. Retrieved 2022-7-28
  26. Lintao Tan; Nikolaos Christos Tsamis; Richard Paul Woodard; How Inflationary Gravitons Affect the Force of Gravity. UDon N Page; Hawking radiation and black hole thermodynamics. New Journal of Physivercse 2022, 8, 376, 10.3390/universe8070376.05, 7, 203-203, 10.1088/1367-2630/7/1/203.
  27. Mark Kowitt; Gravitational repulsion and Dirac antimatter. InternGilad Gour; A J M Medved; Thermal fluctuations and black-hole entropy. Clatssional Journal of Theoretical Phcal and Quantum Gravitysics 1996, 35, 605-631, 10.1007/bf02082828. 2003, 20, 3307-3326, 10.1088/0264-9381/20/15/303.
  28. Tong Bor Tang; Li Zhi Fang; The cosmic asymmetry in matter-antimatter. VA Marasco; G Cresci; L Posti; F Fraternali; F Mannucci; A Marconi; F Belfiore; S M Fall; A universal relation between the properties of supermassive black holes, galaxies, and dark matter haloes. Monthly Noticestas in of the Royal Astronomical Society 2021984, 2, 507, 1-23, 10.1016/0083-6656(84)90010-2., 4274-4293, 10.1093/mnras/stab2317.
  29. R. L. Jaffe; Casimir effect and the quantum vacuum. PhysicaAndrew King; The Supermassive Black Hole—Galaxy Connection. null Review D 2005, 72, 021301, 10.1103/physrevd.72.021301.13, 49, 427-451, 10.1007/978-1-4939-2227-7_21.
  30. Gilles Cohen-Tannoudji; The de Broglie universal substratum, the Lochak monopoles and the dark universe. Luca Fabbri; Black Hole singularity avoidance by the Higgs scalar field. The European Physical JourXiv nal C 2015, 1, 1-20, 10.48550/arXiv.1507.00460.8, 78, 1028, 10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6505-6.
  31. Four reasons why the quantum vacuum may explain dark matter . PhysOrg.com. Retrieved 2022-7-28Marcelo Gleiser; Metastability in the early Universe. Physical Review D 1990, 42, 3350-3361, 10.1103/physrevd.42.3350.
  32. Antonio Capolupo; Quantum Vacuum, Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and Spontaneous Supersymmetry Breaking. AdvanceKatherine J. Mack; Robert McNees; Bounds on extra dimensions from micro black holes in the context of the metastable Higgs vacuum. Phys in High Energy Physics cal Review D 2018, 2018, 1-7, 10.1155/2018/9840351.9, 99, 063001, 10.1103/physrevd.99.063001.
  33. Dragan Slavkov Hajdukovic; Quantum vacuum and dark matter. AstropItzhak Bars; Paul J. Steinhardt; Neil Turok; Cyclic cosmology, conformal symmetry and the metastability of the Higgs. Physics and SpacLette Science rs B 2011, 333, 7, 9-14, 10.1007/s10509-011-0938-9.26, 50-55, 10.1016/j.physletb.2013.08.071.
  34. Davide Castelvecchi; New type of dark energy could solve Universe expansion mystery. NNikolaos Tetradis; Black holes and Higgs stability. Journal of Cosmology and Asturroparticle Physics 2021, 6, 201, 1, 10.1038/d41586-021-02531-5.6, 036-036, 10.1088/1475-7516/2016/09/036.
  35. Eric V. Linder; Dark Energy, Expansion History of the Universe, and SNAP. PROCEEDINGBernhard Haisch; Alfonson Rueda; H.E. Puthoff; Physics of the zero-point field: implications for inertia, gravitation and mass. Speculations OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE “PHYSICAL MESOMECHANICS. MATERIALS WITH MULTILEVEL HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE AND INTELLIGENT MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY” 2003, 655, 193-207, 10.1063/1.1543500.in Science and Technology 1997, 20, 99-114, 10.1023/a:1018516704228.
  36. Jacob Schaf; dark energy expansion. UniversBo Song; Shovan Dutta; Shaurya Bhave; Jr-Chiun Yu; Edward Carter; Nigel Cooper; Ulrich Schneider; Realizing discontinuous quantum phase transitions in a strongly correlated driven optical lattice. Nal Joturnal of e Physics and Application 2015, 9, 182-187, 10.13189/ujpa.2015.090403.22, 18, 259-264, 10.1038/s41567-021-01476-w.
  37. Dragan Huterer; David Kirkby; Rachel Bean; Andrew Connolly; Kyle Dawson; Scott Dodelson; August Evrard; Bhuvnesh Jain; Michael Jarvis; Eric Linder; et al.Rachel MandelbaumMorgan MayAlvise RaccanelliBeth ReidEduardo RozoFabian SchmidtNeelima SehgalAnže SlosarAlex van EngelenHao-Yi WuGongbo Zhao Growth of cosmic structure: Probing dark energy beyond expansion. E.M Henley; High energy diffractive dissociation of pions and the A1. Annalstroparticle of Physics 20 19714, , 63, 23-41, 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2014.07.004., 541-548, 10.1016/0003-4916(71)90027-3.
  38. Gang Xin; Peng Wang; Exploring superposition state in multi-scale quantum harmonic oscillator algorithm. AppliKrishnanand Sinha; On the oscillator strength and the dissociation energy of CN molecules. Resed SofarchGat Computing 202e 1, 986, 107, 107398, 10.1016/j.asoc.2021.107398., 1-6.
  39. Eva Zakka-Bajjani; François Nguyen; Minhyea Lee; Leila R. Vale; Raymond W. Simmonds; Jose Aumentado; Quantum superposition of a single microwave photon in two different ’colour’ states. Nature J. Hussels; N. Hölsch; C.-F. Cheng; E. J. Salumbides; H. L. Bethlem; K. S. E. Eikema; Ch. Jungen; M. Beyer; F. Merkt; W. Ubachs; et al. Improved ionization and dissociation energies of the deuterium molecule. Physics al Review A 2011, 7, 599-603, 10.1038/nphys2035.22, 105, 022820, 10.1103/physreva.105.022820.
  40. Martin J. Renner; Časlav Brukner; Computational Advantage from a Quantum Superposition of Qubit Gate Orders. PhysicC. H. L. Goodman; Ionic-Covalent Bonding in Crystals. Nal Review Letturers 2 196022, , 128, 230503, 10.1103/physrevlett.128.230503.7, 590-591, 10.1038/187590a0.
  41. P. A. Cook; Meson coupling constants in a quark model. IJohn Bannister Goodenough; First-order changes in ionic/covalent bonding. Ferroel Nuovo Cimento A Seriectrics 1992, 130 1967, 48, 570-572, 10.1007/bf02818032., 77-86, 10.1080/00150199208019535.
  42. Fujio Takagi; Meson-Baryon Coupling Constants in the Quark Model. ProgrE.V. Kolontsova; Å.â. Êîëîíöîâà; Radiation-induced states in crystals with ionic-covalent bonds. Uspesskhi of Theoretical Physics Fizicheskih Nauk 19687, 37, 1047-1048, 10.1143/ptp.37.1047., 151, 149-172, 10.3367/ufnr.0151.198701g.0149.
  43. E. M. Henley; T. Oka; J. D. Vergados; Meson-nucleon coupling constants in a quark model. Few-Body Systems 199Weizhang Huang; Weishi Liu; Yufei Yu; Permanent charge effects on ionic flow: a numerical study of flux ratios and their bifurcation. arXiv 2020, 9, 75-87, 10.1007/bf01091699., 1, 1-31, https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2003.11223.
  44. R. Brout; From asymptotic freedom to quark confinement. NGiulia L. Celora; Matthew G. Hennessy; Andreas Münch; Barbara Wagner; Sarah L. Waters; The dynamics of a collapsing polyelectrolyte gel. nucllear Physics B 2021988, 3, 10, 127-140, 10.1016/0550-3213(88)90057-0., 1-34, https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2105.06495.
  45. Kei-Ichi Kondo; Abelian-Projected Effective Gauge Theory of QCD with Asymptotic Freedom and Quark Confinement. PrM. B. Fröb; C. Rein; R. Verch; Graviton corrections to the Newtonian potential using invariant observables. Joguress of Theoreticalnal of High Energy Physics Supplement 1998, 131, 243-255, 10.1143/ptps.131.243. 2022, 2022, 1-29, 10.1007/jhep01(2022)180.
  46. Kanako Yamazaki; T. Matsui; Gordon Baym; Entropy in the quark–hadron transition. NuclLintao Tan; Nikolaos Christos Tsamis; Richard Paul Woodard; How Inflationary Gravitons Affect the Force of Gravity. Univear Physics A se 2015, 933, 245-255, 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2014.10.046.22, 8, 376, 10.3390/universe8070376.
  47. David Dudal; Subhash Mahapatra; Thermal entropy of a quark-antiquark pair above and below deconfinement from a dynamical holographic QCD model. PMark Kowitt; Gravitational repulsion and Dirac antimatter. International Journal of Thyseoretical Review D 20Physics 17, 96, 126010, 10.1103/physrevd.96.126010.996, 35, 605-631, 10.1007/bf02082828.
  48. Tri Quoc Truong; Tadashi Tsubone; Munehisa Sekikawa; Naohiko Inaba; Border-collision bifurcations and Arnol’d tongues in two coupled piecewise-constant oscillators. PhyTong Bor Tang; Li Zhi Fang; The cosmic asymmetry in matter-antimatter. Visicta D: Nonlinear Phenomena 20s in Astronomy 19, 401, 132148, 10.1016/j.physd.2019.132148.84, 27, 1-23, 10.1016/0083-6656(84)90010-2.
  49. D Gabor; Plasma oscillations. BrR. L. Jaffe; Casimir effect and the quantum vacuum. Physitish Journcal of Applied Physics 19Review D 20051, , 72, 209-218, 10.1088/0508-3443/2/8/301., 021301, 10.1103/physrevd.72.021301.
  50. Toshio Nakayama; Irreversibility in Plasmas: Entropy Production. PGilles Cohen-Tannoudji; The de Broglie universal substratum, the Lochak monopoles and the dark universe. arogress of TheoretXical Physics v 201974, 55, 1, 77-81, 10.1143/ptp.51.77., 1-20, 10.48550/arXiv.1507.00460.
  51. Ettore Minardi; Minardi, E. Thermodynamics of High Temperature Plasmas. Entropy, 2009, 11, 124-221. Entropy 2009, 11, 457-462, 10.3390/e11030457.Four reasons why the quantum vacuum may explain dark matter . PhysOrg.com. Retrieved 2022-7-28
  52. R. Shankar; Determination of the quark-gluon coupling constant. Antonio Capolupo; Quantum Vacuum, Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and Spontaneous Supersymmetry Breaking. Advances in High Energy Physical Review D s 201977, 8, 2015, 755-758, 10.1103/physrevd.15.755.8, 1-7, 10.1155/2018/9840351.
  53. M. A. Braun; Reggeized gluons with a running coupling constant. PDragan Slavkov Hajdukovic; Quantum vacuum and dark matter. Astrophysics Land Space Sciettncers B 2011995, , 3348, 190-195, 10.1016/0370-2693(95)00101-p.7, 9-14, 10.1007/s10509-011-0938-9.
  54. M. Althoff; W. Braunschweig; F.J. Kirschfink; K. Lübelsmeyer; H.-U. Martyn; J. Rimkus; P. Rosskamp; H.G. Sander; D. Schmitz; H. Siebke; et al.W. WallraffH.M. FischerH. HartmannA. JockschG. KnopL. KöpkeH. KolanoskiH. KückV. MertensR. WedemeyerM. WollstadtY. EisenbergA. EskreysK. GatherH. HultschigP. JoosU. KötzH. KowalskiA. LadageB. LöhrD. LükeP. MättigD. NotzR.J. NowakJ. PyrlikM. RushtonW. SchütteD. TrinesG. WolfCh. XiaoR. FohrmannE. HilgerT. KrachtH.L. KrasemannP. LeuE. LohrmannD. PandoulasG. PoelzK.U. PösneckerB.H. WiikR. BeuselinckD.M. BinnieA.J. CampbellP. DornanB. FosterD.A. GarbuttC. JenkinsT.D. JonesW.G. JonesJ. McCardleJ.K. SedgbeerJ. ThomasW.A.T. Wan AbdullahK.W. BellM.G. BowlerP. BullR.J. CashmoreP.E.L. ClarkeR. DevenishP. GrossmannC.M. HawkesS.L. LloydG.L. SalmonT.R. WyattC. YoungmanG.E. FordenJ.C. HartJ. HarveyD.K. HasellJ. ProudfootD.H. SaxonF. BarreiroM. DittmarM. HolderG. KreutzB. NeumannE. DuchovniU. KarshonG. MikenbergR. MirD. RevelE. RonatA. ShapiraG. YekutieliG. BarankoT. BarklowA. CaldwellM. CherneyJ.M. IzenM. MermikidesG. RudolphD. StromM. TakashimaH. VenkataramaniaE. WicklundSau Lan WuG. ZobernigTASSO Collaboration Experimental test of the flavor independence of the quark-gluon coupling constant. Physics LeDavide Castelvecchi; New type of dark energy could solve Universe expansion mystery. Natturers B 2021984, , 138, 317-324, 10.1016/0370-2693(84)91668-x., 1, 10.1038/d41586-021-02531-5.
  55. Lawrence Slifkin; Entropy and the Frequency of a Harmonic Oscillator. Eric V. Linder; Dark Energy, Expansion History of the Universe, and SNAP. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE “PHYSICAL MESOMECHANICS. MATERIALS WITH MULTILEVEL HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE AmericanND Journal of Physics 1965, 33, 408-408, 10.1119/1.1971569.INTELLIGENT MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY” 2003, 655, 193-207, 10.1063/1.1543500.
  56. N. Fornengo; C. Giunti; C.W. Kim; J. Song; Gravitational effects on the neutrino oscillation in vacuum. NuclJacob Schaf; dark energy expansion. Universar l Journal of Physics B - Proceedings Supplemeand Applicationts 201999, 70, 264-266, 10.1016/s0920-5632(98)00435-6.5, 9, 182-187, 10.13189/ujpa.2015.090403.
  57. Quantum Field and 2nd Quantization (2021 Edition) . universe-review.ca. Retrieved 2022-7-29Dragan Huterer; David Kirkby; Rachel Bean; Andrew Connolly; Kyle Dawson; Scott Dodelson; August Evrard; Bhuvnesh Jain; Michael Jarvis; Eric Linder; et al.Rachel MandelbaumMorgan MayAlvise RaccanelliBeth ReidEduardo RozoFabian SchmidtNeelima SehgalAnže SlosarAlex van EngelenHao-Yi WuGongbo Zhao Growth of cosmic structure: Probing dark energy beyond expansion. Astroparticle Physics 2014, 63, 23-41, 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2014.07.004.
  58. Damiano Anselmi; Purely Virtual Particles in Quantum Gravity, Inflationary Cosmology and Collider Physics. Gang Xin; Peng Wang; Exploring superposition state in multi-scale quantum harmonic oscillator algorithm. Applied Syoft Commetry puting 2022, 1, 14, 521, 10.3390/sym14030521.07, 107398, 10.1016/j.asoc.2021.107398.
  59. Janne Mikael Karimäki; Virtual Particle Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics - a non-dualistic model of QM with a natural probability interpretation. Eva Zakka-Bajjani; François Nguyen; Minhyea Lee; Leila R. Vale; Raymond W. Simmonds; Jose Aumentado; Quantum superposition of a single microwave photon in two different ’colour’ states. NaturXiv e Physics 20112, 1, 1-8, 10.48550/arXiv.1206.1237., 7, 599-603, 10.1038/nphys2035.
  60. Martin J. Renner; Časlav Brukner; Computational Advantage from a Quantum Superposition of Qubit Gate Orders. Physical Review Letters 2022, 128, 230503, 10.1103/physrevlett.128.230503.
  61. P. A. Cook; Meson coupling constants in a quark model. Il Nuovo Cimento A Series 10 1967, 48, 570-572, 10.1007/bf02818032.
  62. Fujio Takagi; Meson-Baryon Coupling Constants in the Quark Model. Progress of Theoretical Physics 1967, 37, 1047-1048, 10.1143/ptp.37.1047.
  63. E. M. Henley; T. Oka; J. D. Vergados; Meson-nucleon coupling constants in a quark model. Few-Body Systems 1990, 9, 75-87, 10.1007/bf01091699.
  64. R. Brout; From asymptotic freedom to quark confinement. Nuclear Physics B 1988, 310, 127-140, 10.1016/0550-3213(88)90057-0.
  65. Kei-Ichi Kondo; Abelian-Projected Effective Gauge Theory of QCD with Asymptotic Freedom and Quark Confinement. Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement 1998, 131, 243-255, 10.1143/ptps.131.243.
  66. Kanako Yamazaki; T. Matsui; Gordon Baym; Entropy in the quark–hadron transition. Nuclear Physics A 2015, 933, 245-255, 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2014.10.046.
  67. David Dudal; Subhash Mahapatra; Thermal entropy of a quark-antiquark pair above and below deconfinement from a dynamical holographic QCD model. Physical Review D 2017, 96, 126010, 10.1103/physrevd.96.126010.
  68. Tri Quoc Truong; Tadashi Tsubone; Munehisa Sekikawa; Naohiko Inaba; Border-collision bifurcations and Arnol’d tongues in two coupled piecewise-constant oscillators. Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena 2019, 401, 132148, 10.1016/j.physd.2019.132148.
  69. D Gabor; Plasma oscillations. British Journal of Applied Physics 1951, 2, 209-218, 10.1088/0508-3443/2/8/301.
  70. Toshio Nakayama; Irreversibility in Plasmas: Entropy Production. Progress of Theoretical Physics 1974, 51, 77-81, 10.1143/ptp.51.77.
  71. Ettore Minardi; Minardi, E. Thermodynamics of High Temperature Plasmas. Entropy, 2009, 11, 124-221. Entropy 2009, 11, 457-462, 10.3390/e11030457.
  72. R. Shankar; Determination of the quark-gluon coupling constant. Physical Review D 1977, 15, 755-758, 10.1103/physrevd.15.755.
  73. M. A. Braun; Reggeized gluons with a running coupling constant. Physics Letters B 1995, 348, 190-195, 10.1016/0370-2693(95)00101-p.
  74. M. Althoff; W. Braunschweig; F.J. Kirschfink; K. Lübelsmeyer; H.-U. Martyn; J. Rimkus; P. Rosskamp; H.G. Sander; D. Schmitz; H. Siebke; et al.W. WallraffH.M. FischerH. HartmannA. JockschG. KnopL. KöpkeH. KolanoskiH. KückV. MertensR. WedemeyerM. WollstadtY. EisenbergA. EskreysK. GatherH. HultschigP. JoosU. KötzH. KowalskiA. LadageB. LöhrD. LükeP. MättigD. NotzR.J. NowakJ. PyrlikM. RushtonW. SchütteD. TrinesG. WolfCh. XiaoR. FohrmannE. HilgerT. KrachtH.L. KrasemannP. LeuE. LohrmannD. PandoulasG. PoelzK.U. PösneckerB.H. WiikR. BeuselinckD.M. BinnieA.J. CampbellP. DornanB. FosterD.A. GarbuttC. JenkinsT.D. JonesW.G. JonesJ. McCardleJ.K. SedgbeerJ. ThomasW.A.T. Wan AbdullahK.W. BellM.G. BowlerP. BullR.J. CashmoreP.E.L. ClarkeR. DevenishP. GrossmannC.M. HawkesS.L. LloydG.L. SalmonT.R. WyattC. YoungmanG.E. FordenJ.C. HartJ. HarveyD.K. HasellJ. ProudfootD.H. SaxonF. BarreiroM. DittmarM. HolderG. KreutzB. NeumannE. DuchovniU. KarshonG. MikenbergR. MirD. RevelE. RonatA. ShapiraG. YekutieliG. BarankoT. BarklowA. CaldwellM. CherneyJ.M. IzenM. MermikidesG. RudolphD. StromM. TakashimaH. VenkataramaniaE. WicklundSau Lan WuG. ZobernigTASSO Collaboration Experimental test of the flavor independence of the quark-gluon coupling constant. Physics Letters B 1984, 138, 317-324, 10.1016/0370-2693(84)91668-x.
  75. Lawrence Slifkin; Entropy and the Frequency of a Harmonic Oscillator. American Journal of Physics 1965, 33, 408-408, 10.1119/1.1971569.
  76. N. Fornengo; C. Giunti; C.W. Kim; J. Song; Gravitational effects on the neutrino oscillation in vacuum. Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 1999, 70, 264-266, 10.1016/s0920-5632(98)00435-6.
  77. Quantum Field and 2nd Quantization (2021 Edition) . universe-review.ca. Retrieved 2022-7-29
  78. Damiano Anselmi; Purely Virtual Particles in Quantum Gravity, Inflationary Cosmology and Collider Physics. Symmetry 2022, 14, 521, 10.3390/sym14030521.
  79. Janne Mikael Karimäki; Virtual Particle Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics - a non-dualistic model of QM with a natural probability interpretation. arXiv 2012, 1, 1-8, 10.48550/arXiv.1206.1237.
More
Video Production Service