Ribosome shunting is a translation-initiation mechanism in which a ribosomal complex bypasses an internal portion of a messenger-RNA leader and reaches a downstream initiation region. In characterized plant viral leaders, sequences near the two ends support translation while much of the intervening region can be omitted from the ribosome's path [1]. Contacts between ribosomal RNA and messenger RNA can contribute to recruitment or positioning during such noncanonical initiation events [2]. Some shunting arrangements are cap-dependent and use a leader element complementary to 18S ribosomal RNA to promote downstream translation [3][4]. Other arrangements couple translation of a short upstream open reading frame to subsequent bypass of a structured RNA segment. The retained ribosomal complex then reinitiates at a downstream coding region [5].
- translation initiation
- ribosomal scanning
- upstream open reading frame
- mRNA leader
RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms·Molecular Biology·Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology·Life Sciences
References
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- Stephen A. Chappell; John Dresios; Gerald M. Edelman; Vincent P. Mauro; Ribosomal Shunting Mediated by a Translational Enhancer Element that Base Pairs to 18S rRNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2006, 103, 9488-9493. [CrossRef]
- T. Racine; R. Duncan; Facilitated Leaky Scanning and Atypical Ribosome Shunting Direct Downstream Translation Initiation on the Tricistronic S1 mRNA of Avian Reovirus. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010, 38, 7260-7272. [CrossRef]
- Lyubov A Ryabova; Mikhail M Pooggin; Thomas Hohn. Viral Strategies of Translation Initiation: Ribosomal Shunt and Reinitiation; Elsevier: Amsterdam, NX, Netherlands, 2002; pp. 1-39. [CrossRef]