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Please note this is a comparison between Version 1 by Yu Peng and Version 2 by Catherine Yang.
A biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) is a contiguous, functionally coordinated genomic locus that encodes the enzymatic and regulatory machinery required for the biosynthesis of a specialized natural product or a defined family of structurally related metabolites. In microbial genomes, a BGC commonly includes one or more core biosynthetic genes encoding scaffold-forming enzymes, together with genes for tailoring enzymes that modify the molecular scaffold, transport proteins, pathway-specific regulators, precursor-supply functions, and, where relevant, self-resistance or immunity mechanisms [1][2]. The coordinated expression and activity of these genes direct the conversion of primary metabolites into a characteristic natural-product scaffold and its subsequent chemical diversification. BGCs are recognized as genomic units through the physical co-localization of genes whose protein products collectively constitute a biosynthetic pathway; their boundaries encompass the genes contributing directly to metabolite assembly, modification, regulation, export, or producer protection [1][3].
- specialized metabolism
- natural products
- microbial genomics
- biosynthetic enzymes
🔵 Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis • 🟣 Pharmacology • 🟡 Medicine • 🔴 Health Sciences
References
- Marnix H Medema; Renzo Kottmann; Pelin Yilmaz; Matthew Cummings; John B Biggins; Kai Blin; Irene de Bruijn; Yit Heng Chooi; et al. Minimum Information about a Biosynthetic Gene cluster. Marnix H Medema; Renzo Kottmann; Pelin Yilmaz; Matthew Cummings; John B Biggins; Kai Blin; Irene de Bruijn; Yit Heng Chooi; Jan Claesen; R Cameron Coates; Pablo Cruz-Morales; Srikanth Duddela; Stephanie Düsterhus; Daniel J Edwards; David P Fewer; Neha Garg; Christoph Geiger; Juan Pablo Gomez-Escribano; Anja Greule; Michalis Hadjithomas; Anthony S Haines; Eric J N Helfrich; Matthew L Hillwig; Keishi Ishida; Adam C Jones; Carla S Jones; Katrin Jungmann; Carsten Kegler; Hyun Uk Kim; Peter Kötter; Daniel Krug; Joleen Masschelein; Alexey V Melnik; Simone M Mantovani; Emily A Monroe; Marcus Moore; Nathan Moss; Hans-Wilhelm Nützmann; Guohui Pan; Amrita Pati; Daniel Petras; F Jerry Reen; Federico Rosconi; Zhe Rui; Zhenhua Tian; Nicholas J Tobias; Yuta Tsunematsu; Philipp Wiemann; Elizabeth Wyckoff; Xiaohui Yan; Grace Yim; Fengan Yu; Yunchang Xie; Bertrand Aigle; Alexander K Apel; Carl J Balibar; Emily P Balskus; Francisco Barona-Gómez; Andreas Bechthold; Helge B Bode; Rainer Borriss; Sean F Brady; Axel A Brakhage; Patrick Caffrey; Yi-Qiang Cheng; Jon Clardy; Russell J Cox; René De Mot; Stefano Donadio; Mohamed S Donia; Wilfred A van der Donk; Pieter C Dorrestein; Sean Doyle; Arnold J M Driessen; Monika Ehling-Schulz; Karl-Dieter Entian; Michael A Fischbach; Lena Gerwick; William H Gerwick; Harald Gross; Bertolt Gust; Christian Hertweck; Monica Höfte; Susan E Jensen; Jianhua Ju; Leonard Katz; Leonard Kaysser; Jonathan L Klassen; Nancy P Keller; Jan Kormanec; Oscar P Kuipers; Tomohisa Kuzuyama; Nikos C Kyrpides; Hyung-Jin Kwon; Sylvie Lautru; Rob Lavigne; Chia Y Lee; Bai Linquan; Xinyu Liu; Wen Liu; Andriy Luzhetskyy; Taifo Mahmud; Yvonne Mast; Carmen Méndez; Mikko Metsä-Ketelä; Jason Micklefield; Douglas A Mitchell; Bradley S Moore; Leonilde M Moreira; Rolf Müller; Brett A Neilan; Markus Nett; Jens Nielsen; Fergal O'GAra; Hideaki Oikawa; Anne Osbourn; Marcia S Osburne; Bohdan Ostash; Shelley M Payne; Jean-Luc Pernodet; Miroslav Petricek; Jörn Piel; Olivier Ploux; Jos M Raaijmakers; José A Salas; Esther K Schmitt; Barry Scott; Ryan F Seipke; Ben Shen; David H Sherman; Kaarina Sivonen; Michael J Smanski; Margherita Sosio; Evi Stegmann; Roderich D Süssmuth; Kapil Tahlan; Christopher M Thomas; Yi Tang; Andrew W Truman; Muriel Viaud; Jonathan D Walton; Christopher T Walsh; Tilmann Weber; Gilles P van Wezel; Barrie Wilkinson; Joanne M Willey; Wolfgang Wohlleben; Gerard D Wright; Nadine Ziemert; Changsheng Zhang; Sergey B Zotchev; Rainer Breitling; Eriko Takano; Frank Oliver Glöckner; Minimum Information about a Biosynthetic Gene cluster. Nat. Chem. Biol. 2015, 11, 625-631. [CrossRef]
- Peter Cimermancic; Marnix H. Medema; Jan Claesen; Kenji Kurita; Laura C. Wieland Brown; Konstantinos Mavrommatis; Amrita Pati; Paul A. Godfrey; Michael Koehrsen; Jon Clardy; Bruce W. Birren; Eriko Takano; Andrej Sali; Roger G. Linington; Michael A. Fischbach; Insights into Secondary Metabolism from a Global Analysis of Prokaryotic Biosynthetic Gene Clusters. Cell 2014, 158, 412-421. [CrossRef]
- Barbara R Terlouw; Kai Blin; Jorge C Navarro-Muñoz; Nicole E Avalon; Marc G Chevrette; Susan Egbert; Sanghoon Lee; David Meijer; et al. MIBiG 3.0: A Community-Driven Effort to Annotate Experimentally Validated Biosynthetic Gene Clusters. Barbara R Terlouw; Kai Blin; Jorge C Navarro-Muñoz; Nicole E Avalon; Marc G Chevrette; Susan Egbert; Sanghoon Lee; David Meijer; Michael J J Recchia; Zachary L Reitz; Jeffrey A van Santen; Nelly Selem-Mojica; Thomas Tørring; Liana Zaroubi; Mohammad Alanjary; Gajender Aleti; CĂ©sar Aguilar; Suhad A A Al-Salihi; Hannah E Augustijn; J Abraham Avelar-Rivas; Luis A Avitia-DomĂnguez; Francisco Barona-GĂłmez; Jordan Bernaldo-AgĂĽero; Vincent A Bielinski; Friederike Biermann; Thomas J Booth; Victor J Carrion Bravo; Raquel Castelo-Branco; Fernanda O Chagas; Pablo Cruz-Morales; Chao Du; Katherine R Duncan; Athina Gavriilidou; Damien Gayrard; Karina GutiĂ©rrez-GarcĂa; Kristina Haslinger; Eric J N Helfrich; Justin J J van der Hooft; Afif P Jati; Edward Kalkreuter; Nikolaos Kalyvas; Kyo Bin Kang; Satria Kautsar; Wonyong Kim; Aditya M Kunjapur; Yong-Xin Li; Geng-Min Lin; Catarina Loureiro; Joris J R Louwen; Nico L L Louwen; George Lund; Jonathan Parra; Benjamin Philmus; Bita Pourmohsenin; Lotte J U Pronk; Adriana Rego; Devasahayam Arokia Balaya Rex; Serina Robinson; L Rodrigo Rosas-Becerra; Eve T Roxborough; Michelle A Schorn; Darren J Scobie; Kumar Saurabh Singh; Nika Sokolova; Xiaoyu Tang; Daniel Udwary; Aruna Vigneshwari; Kristiina Vind; Sophie P J M Vromans; Valentin Waschulin; Sam E Williams; Jaclyn M Winter; Thomas E Witte; Huali Xie; Dong Yang; Jingwei Yu; Mitja Zdouc; Zheng Zhong; JĂ©rĂ´me Collemare; Roger G Linington; Tilmann Weber; Marnix H Medema; MIBiG 3.0: A Community-Driven Effort to Annotate Experimentally Validated Biosynthetic Gene Clusters. Nucleic Acids Res. 2022, 51, D603-D610. [CrossRef]
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