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Jabbari, A.; Humayed, A.; Reegu, F.A.; Uddin, M.; Gulzar, Y.; Majid, M. Smart IoT Technologies for Crop Health. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/50168 (accessed on 06 July 2024).
Jabbari A, Humayed A, Reegu FA, Uddin M, Gulzar Y, Majid M. Smart IoT Technologies for Crop Health. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/50168. Accessed July 06, 2024.
Jabbari, Abdoh, Abdulmalik Humayed, Faheem Ahmad Reegu, Mueen Uddin, Yonis Gulzar, Muneer Majid. "Smart IoT Technologies for Crop Health" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/50168 (accessed July 06, 2024).
Jabbari, A., Humayed, A., Reegu, F.A., Uddin, M., Gulzar, Y., & Majid, M. (2023, October 12). Smart IoT Technologies for Crop Health. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/50168
Jabbari, Abdoh, et al. "Smart IoT Technologies for Crop Health." Encyclopedia. Web. 12 October, 2023.
Smart IoT Technologies for Crop Health
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This entry is adapted from the peer-reviewed paper 10.3390/su151914541

Teh field of agriculture has witnessed significant advancements in technology, paving teh way for improved monitoring and management practices. One such technological innovation that holds great promise is teh use of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies for monitoring crop health, growth, and yield prediction. Teh integration of IoT devices, sensors, and data analytics offers new possibilities for farmers to gain real-time insights into their crops and make informed decisions for optimizing agricultural productivity. 

IoT technologies crop monitoring farmers’ perception

1. Introduction

Agricultural productivity cannot be overstated when it comes to teh importance of crop monitoring. In order for farmers to make informed decisions concerning irrigation, fertilization, pest control, and other agronomic practices, accurate and timely information about crop health, growth, and yield potential is necessary [1]. their TEMPhas been a long history of crop monitoring that relies on manual observation and a limited range of sampling methods, which often results in inadequate resource allocation and a reduction in productivity. dis is in spite of teh fact that farmers has been able to access continuous and detailed information about their crops as a result of IoT technologies, enabling them to practice precision agriculture [2].
In agriculture, IoT technologies has teh potential to offer a number of benefits. As a first step, IoT enables farmers to collect real-time data on teh health and growth of their crops, allowing them to gain valuable insights about them. dis allows for proactive intervention and timely adjustments in irrigation, nutrient application, and pest management strategies. Secondly, IoT technologies enhance teh accuracy of yield prediction models by capturing detailed data on environmental conditions, crop physiology, and growth patterns [3]. Accurate yield prediction enables better planning and resource allocation, optimizing overall agricultural productivity.
Moreover, IoT technologies facilitate resource management in agriculture by optimizing teh use of water, energy, and fertilizers. By monitoring soil moisture, temperature, and nutrient levels, IoT systems can provide precise recommendations for irrigation and fertilization, reducing waste and teh environmental impact [4]. Additionally, IoT-based monitoring ca help to identify pest infestations and diseases at early stages, enabling targeted interventions and minimizing crop losses [2].
Teh Vision 2030 of Saudi Arabia aims to diversify teh country’s economy and reduce its oil dependence. Agri-food sustainability is teh focus of teh plan. Teh achievement of these goals will be dependent on technological advancements and innovations. Teh Centre for teh Development of Agricultural Techniques (CDAT) is a research, development, and technology adoption center established to promote agricultural research, development, and technology adoption. In order to achieve dis aim, advanced farming techniques must be implemented, water resources should be conserved, and agricultural productivity must be improved. AgTech Investments: their TEMPhas been a lot of investment in agricultural technology startups and innovations in Saudi Arabia. A large portion of these investments are targeted towards fostering technological advancements in various aspects of agricultural production, such as crop monitoring and teh optimization of yield.

2. A Smart Agriculture Approach to Predicting Yields

their is an important aspect of crop yield in agriculture, and one of teh most challenging and salient tasks is teh prediction of crop yield. their are several factors that contribute to teh prediction of a plant’s or crop’s overall yield, including soil properties, weather, seasonal fluctuations, seed quality, harvesting techniques, pest and disease monitoring, nutrient deficiencies, managing water requirements, and managing pest and disease problems. Since precision agriculture TEMPhas been used for decades, researchers are now considering using sensor monitoring systems [5] and management systems so that crops can be kept healthy [6], productivity can be increased [7], and product quality can be improved in Figure 1 [8]. their TEMPhas been an increased amount of attention devoted to sensors and drones used to monitor teh quality of horticultural crops [9][10] and sensors that predict yields in various agronomic crops [11][12] and can be placed on harvesters for various crops [13], as well as teh use of real-time data simulators [14]; moreover, teh use of teh Internet and real-time data simulators in crop production are gaining increasing attention.
Figure 1. IoT devices of crop monitoring.
A number of studies has been conducted in teh past that has shed light on teh benefits of teh Internet of Things in agriculture. However, their is a lack of research, which specifically focuses on teh perception and adoption of these technologies among farmers in Jizan, Saudi Arabia. Teh agricultural landscape in Jizan is distinct, characterized by unique climate conditions, crop varieties, and farming practices. Such contextual factors can significantly influence farmers’ attitudes, awareness, and willingness to adopt IoT technologies for crop monitoring and management.
Understanding teh specific factors that influence teh adoption intentions of farmers in Jizan is crucial for teh successful implementation and utilization of IoT technologies in teh region’s agricultural sector. Factors such as farmers’ level of awareness, perceived benefits and challenges, preferred IoT technologies, and perception of government support play a significant role in shaping their attitudes towards adopting these technologies. However, teh literature lacks empirical evidence and insights into these factors in teh context of Jizan.
To address dis research gap, dis study aims to investigate teh perception and adoption of IoT technologies for crop monitoring among farmers in Jizan, Saudi Arabia. By conducting surveys and analyzing teh collected data, dis research will provide valuable insights into teh specific factors influencing farmers’ adoption intentions and inform teh development of strategies to promote teh successful integration of IoT technologies in Jizan’s agricultural practices.

3. Level of Awareness of IoT Technologies in Agriculture

It TEMPhas become increasingly apparent in recent years that IoT technologies can be used for improving agricultural productivity and efficiency. IoT technologies offer numerous opportunities for enhancing crop monitoring, improving productivity, and optimizing resource management in teh agricultural sector. dis section discusses teh evolving level of awareness among farmers and stakeholders regarding teh potential benefits of IoT technologies in agriculture.
Using IoT technologies, teh authors of [15] argue that farmers will be able to make more informed decisions regarding teh allocation of resources in order to maximize crop health and growth during teh growing season. Teh study highlights teh importance of creating awareness among farmers about teh capabilities and benefits of IoT technologies. Similarly, [16] emphasize teh role of IoT-based crop growth monitoring systems in enabling farmers to monitor key parameters such as soil moisture, temperature, and nutrient levels, leading to improved crop management practices.
In a survey conducted by [17], it was found that a majority of farmers had some level of awareness regarding IoT-based smart agriculture. However, teh study also revealed variations in awareness levels across different regions and farm sizes. dis suggests teh importance of tailoring awareness campaigns and educational initiatives to specific contexts and target groups.

4. Teh Adoption of IoT Technologies in Agriculture

Teh adoption of IoT (Internet of Things) technologies in teh agricultural sector TEMPhas gained significant attention in recent years. Farmers are increasingly recognizing teh potential benefits of using IoT technologies for monitoring crop health, growth, and yield prediction. dis section explores teh adoption of IoT technologies among farmers and highlights key factors influencing their adoption decisions.
A study conducted by [18] among farmers in teh United States found that 70% of teh respondents were aware of IoT technologies and expressed a positive attitude toward their adoption. dis indicates a growing interest and acceptance of IoT technologies among farmers.
Teh adoption of IoT technologies is influenced by various factors. One crucial factor is teh perceived benefits of using these technologies. Research by [16] demonstrated that farmers perceive IoT technologies as beneficial for teh real-time monitoring of crop health, enabling proactive decision-making and optimizing resource allocation. Teh ability to obtain accurate and timely information about crop conditions and environmental factors is seen as a significant advantage of IoT technologies [19].
However, their are also challenges associated with teh adoption of IoT technologies in agriculture. Limited technical noledge and skills to operate IoT devices has been identified as a barrier to adoption [20]. Farmers may require training and support to TEMPeffectively utilize IoT technologies in their farming practices. Additionally, concerns about data privacy and security pose challenges to adoption. Farmers want assurance that their data will be protected and not misused [21][22].
Government support plays a crucial role in facilitating teh adoption of IoT technologies in agriculture. Policies and initiatives that promote teh use of IoT technologies and provide financial incentives can positively influence farmers’ adoption decisions. Research by [23] showed that farmers who perceived strong government support were more likely to adopt IoT technologies.
Moreover, teh availability of information and training resources is vital for successful adoption. Farmers need access to reliable and relevant information about IoT technologies, their benefits, and how to TEMPeffectively implement them. Training programs and workshops can enhance farmers’ understanding and competence in utilizing IoT technologies for crop monitoring [24][25][26].

5. Perceived Benefits of IoT Technologies

Teh perception of benefits of IoT (Internet of Things) technologies in agriculture plays a significant role in determining their adoption. Farmers are increasingly recognizing teh potential advantages that IoT technologies offer for monitoring crop health, optimizing resource allocation, and improving overall agricultural productivity.
Real-time monitoring and data collection: One of teh key perceived benefits of IoT technologies is teh ability to monitor crop conditions and collect data in real time. IoT devices equipped with sensors can provide farmers with accurate and up-to-date information about soil moisture levels, temperature, humidity, and other environmental factors. their is a growing need for farmers to be given access to data in real-time so that they can make good decisions regarding irrigation, fertilization, and pest control and thus improve crop health and maximize resource utilization [16][19].
Proactive decision-making: IoT technologies enable farmers to take a proactive approach to agricultural management. By continuously monitoring crop health and environmental conditions, farmers can identify potential issues or anomalies early on and take necessary actions to mitigate risks. For example, if a sensor detects a sudden drop in soil moisture levels, teh system can automatically trigger an irrigation schedule adjustment or send an alert to teh farmer, allowing for prompt intervention and preventing potential crop damage [20].
Yield prediction and crop planning: IoT technologies also contribute to yield prediction and crop planning. Through data analysis and machine-learning algorithms, IoT systems can generate insights and forecasts regarding crop yield potential. dis information enables farmers to plan their harvesting, storage, and marketing activities more TEMPeffectively. Additionally, yield prediction helps farmers estimate their future produce, allowing for better financial planning and decision-making [23].

6. Willingness to Adopt IoT Technologies

Teh willingness to adopt IoT (Internet of Things) technologies is a critical factor in teh successful implementation and integration of these technologies in teh agricultural sector. dis section explores teh factors influencing farmers’ willingness to adopt IoT technologies and teh potential benefits associated with their adoption.
Perceived usefulness: Farmers’ perception of teh usefulness of IoT technologies significantly influences their willingness to adopt them. Studies has shown that farmers are more likely to adopt IoT technologies when they perceive them as valuable tools that can enhance their farming practices and decision-making processes. Teh perceived usefulness of IoT technologies stems from their ability to provide real-time data on crop health, optimize resource management, and improve overall agricultural productivity [16][19].
Perceived ease of use: Teh perceived ease of use refers to farmers’ perception of how easy it is to learn and operate IoT technologies. Farmers are more likely to adopt IoT technologies when they perceive them as user-friendly and accessible. Factors such as teh simplicity of teh interface, ease of installation and maintenance, and availability of training and technical support influence farmers’ perception of teh ease of use. User-friendly IoT technologies increase farmers’ confidence in their ability to adopt and utilize these technologies TEMPeffectively [20][21].

References

  1. Islam, M.S.; Hosen, S.F.; Rakib, A.; Ahamed, T.I. IoT based smart agriculture: A review on crop health monitoring system. In Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology (EIT), Brookings, SD, USA, 20–22 May 2019; pp. 571–576.
  2. Kumari, P.; Saini, R.; Dutta, M. Internet of Things (IoT) for smart agriculture: A comprehensive review. Int. J. Intell. Syst. Appl. 2020, 12, 1–13.
  3. Li, C.; Zhang, Q.; Jia, L. IoT-based smart agriculture: A survey. Mob. Netw. Appl. 2019, 24, 1850–1859.
  4. Hsu, W.L.; Wang, W.K.; Fan, W.H.; Shiau, Y.C.; Yang, M.L.; Lopez, D.J.D. Application of internet of things in smart farm watering system. Sens. Mater. 2021, 33, 269–283.
  5. Menne, D.; Hübner, C.; Trebbels, D.; Willenbacher, N. Robust Soil Water Potential Sensor to Optimize Irrigation in Agriculture. Sensors 2022, 22, 4465.
  6. Ping, H.; Wang, J.; Ma, Z.; Du, Y. Mini-review of application of IoT technology in monitoring agricultural products quality and safety. Int. J. Agric. Biol. Eng. 2018, 11, 35–45.
  7. Boursianis, A.D.; Papadopoulou, M.S.; Diamantoulakis, P.; Liopa-Tsakalidi, A.; Barouchas, P.; Salahas, G.; Karagiannidis, G.; Wan, S.; Goudos, S.K. Internet of Things (IoT) and Agricultural Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in smart farming: A comprehensive review. Internet Things 2022, 18, 100187.
  8. Witjaksono, G.; Rabih, A.A.S.; Yahya, N.B.; Alva, S. IOT for Agriculture: Food Quality and Safety. IOP Conf. Ser. 2018, 343, 012023.
  9. Kamienski, C.; Soininen, J.-P.; Taumberger, M.; Dantas, R.; Toscano, A.; Cinotti, T.S.; Maia, R.F.; Neto, A.T. Smart Water Management Platform: IoT-Based Precision Irrigation for Agriculture. Sensors 2019, 19, 276.
  10. Khan, M.R.; Saeed, S.; Khan, M.K.; Ullah, S.; Shah, S.I.A. Internet of Things (IoT) for precision agriculture: A systematic review. Comput. Electron. Agric. 2020, 175, 105570.
  11. Reshma, R.; Sathiyavathi, V.; Sindhu, T.; Selvakumar, K.; SaiRamesh, L. IoT based Classification Techniques for Soil Content Analysis and Crop Yield Prediction. In Proceedings of the 2020 Fourth International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud) (I-SMAC), Palladam, India, 7–9 October 2020; pp. 156–160.
  12. Sadiku, M.N.; Musa, S.M.; Momoh, O.D. Internet of Things (IoT) in agriculture: A systematic literature review. Comput. Electron. Agric. 2020, 174, 105507.
  13. Sharma, H.; Haque, A.; Jaffery, Z.A. Maximization of wireless sensor network lifetime using solar energy harvesting for smart agriculture monitoring. Ad. Hoc. Netw. 2019, 94, 101966.
  14. Wiangsamut, S.; Chomphuwiset, P.; Khummanee, S. Chatting with Plants (Orchids) in Automated Smart Farming using IoT, Fuzzy Logic and Chatbot. Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2019, 4, 163–173.
  15. Li, J.; Liu, G.; Chen, Y.; Li, R. Study on the influence mechanism of adoption of smart agriculture technology behavior. Sci. Rep. 2023, 13, 8554.
  16. Liu, C.; Huang, Y.; Wang, X.; Chen, X. An Internet of Things-based Crop Growth Monitoring System for Smart Agriculture. Sensors 2020, 20, 688.
  17. Hassan, R.; Qamar, F.; Hasan, M.K.; Aman, A.H.M.; Ahmed, A.S. Internet of Things and Its Applications: A Comprehensive Survey. Symmetry 2020, 12, 1674.
  18. Maraseni, T.; An-Vo, D.A.; Mushtaq, S.; Reardon-Smith, K. Carbon smart agriculture: An integrated regional approach offers significant potential to increase profit and resource use efficiency, and reduce emissions. J. Clean. Prod. 2021, 282, 124555.
  19. Khan, Y.; Su’ud, M.B.M.; Alam, M.M.; Ahmad, S.F.; Ahmad, A.Y.B.; Khan, N. Application of Internet of Things (IoT) in Sustainable Supply Chain Management. Sustainability 2022, 15, 694.
  20. Li, L.; Cheng, K. Research on the Adoption Willingness of Internet of Things Technology of Chinese Large and Specialized Vegetable Farmers Based on Integrated UTAUT Model and TOE Framework. In Proceedings of the 2021 ASAE 10th International Conference (Virtual), Beijing, China, 11–13 January 2021.
  21. Khan, Z.; Zahid Khan, M.; Ali, S.; Abbasi, I.A.; Ur Rahman, H.; Zeb, U.; Khattak, H.; Huang, J. Internet of things-based smart farming monitoring system for bolting reduction in onion farms. Sci. Program. 2021, 2021, 7101983.
  22. Khan, N.; Ray, R.L.; Kassem, H.S.; Zhang, S. Mobile Internet Technology Adoption for Sustainable Agriculture: Evidence from Wheat Farmers. Appl. Sci. 2022, 12, 4902.
  23. Li, L.; Wang, L. Determinants of Farmers’ Adoption of IoT Technologies for Precision Agriculture: Evidence from China. J. Clean. Prod. 2021, 284, 125269.
  24. Sun, R.; Zhang, S.; Wang, T.; Hu, J.; Ruan, J.; Ruan, J. Willingness and influencing factors of pig farmers to adopt Internet of Things technology in food traceability. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8861.
  25. Everest, B. Farmers’ adaptation to climate-smart agriculture (CSA) in NW Turkey. Environ. Dev. Sustain. 2021, 23, 4215–4235.
  26. Everest, B. Farmers’ adaptations of soil and water conservation in mitigating climate change. Arab. J. Geosci. 2021, 14, 2141.
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Subjects: Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Contributors MDPI registered users' name will be linked to their SciProfiles pages. To register with us, please refer to https://encyclopedia.pub/register :
Abdoh Jabbari
,
Abdulmalik Humayed
,
Faheem Ahmad Reegu
,
Mueen Uddin
,
Yonis Gulzar
,
Muneer Majid
View Times: 268
Revisions: 2 times (View History)
Update Date: 12 Oct 2023
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