1. Introduction

Ali Musa oglu Guliyev (May 31, 1912 in Ganja – January 29, 1989 in Baku) was an Azerbaijani scientist.^[1]

2. Early Life

In 1927, after primary education, Guliyev entered Pedagogical Technical School in Baku. In 1931, after graduating from technical school, he was appointed to teach at a school in the Goranboy region of Azerbaijan.

In 1934, Ali Guliyev entered the faculty of chemistry at Azerbaijan State University (now Baku State University), graduated in 1939 with honors, and was admitted to post-graduate study in organic chemistry.

From 1937, along with his studies, Guliyev started working as a senior technician in his teacher's laboratory. He studied under academician Yusif Mammadaliyev. After graduating from Azerbaijan State University, he was appointed a section manager and senior engineer at the same institute.

During World War II, Guliyev headed the department that provided military equipment, in particular: the preparation and testing of antitank weapons such as a “Molotov cocktail” with advanced formulae. In these years, Guliyev studied the production of medical and cleansing agents.

In 1943, he defended his Ph.D. thesis on “Obtaining Hexamethylenetetramine (urotropine) from Natural Gas”. In 1945, the Synthesis of Additives Laboratory was organized in Azerbaijan Scientific-Research Institute of Oil-Processing. Guliyev headed this laboratory. As a result of experiments by him and his team, lubricating additives, Az.SRI depressor and Az.SRI -4 were applied in industry for the first time in the Soviet Union. In 1948 and 1951, Guliyev and his team of were awarded two Stalin Prizes (later renamed to The USSR State Prize) for these developments.^[2]

In 1951, Guliyev defended his doctoral thesis in chemistry.

3. Career

Guliye trained many other scedzientists. From 1951 to 1960 he was the Chair of Organic Chemistry in Baku State University. From 1960 to 1974, he chaired the department. In 1958, Guliyev was elected a correspondent member of Azerbaijan, and in 1959, academician of AS of Azerbaijan.^[3] From 1963 to 1967, he served as academician-secretary of the Department of Chemical Sciences.

From 1959 to 1965, Guliyev headed the Additives and Oils department at the Institute of Petrochemical Processes of AS of Azerbaijan. In 1965, the Institute of Chemistry of Additives (IChA), the only institute of that kind in the Soviet Union, was organized on the basis of this department, and from 1965 to 1987, Guliyev headed the institute. In 1970, Guliyev and the staff of IChA were awarded the State Prize of Azerbaijan SSR for the development of methods of improving the quality of engine oil by adding high-efficiency additives. In 1974, he was awarded the title “Honored Scientist”. Under his guidance, 6 doctoral and 60 Ph.D. theses were defended.

Guliyev is the author of 8 monographs, 670 scientific papers and 166 certificates of authorship. A fundamental monograph of Guliyev was “Chemistry and Technology of Additives for Oils and Fuels”. This monograph was translated in 1972 and republished in Hungary and Czechoslovakia. It is a handbook for a wide range of specialities. His scientific interests included wide areas of chemistry – synthesis of alkylphenols, aromatic thiols, epoxycompounds, sulfocompounds, multifunctional polymers, oxidation inhibitors, stabilizers and lubricating-cooling liquids.

These articles led to the introduction of high-efficiency additives. They include additives AzNII, AzNii-4, Az NIISIATIM-1, AzNII-5, Az NII-7, Az NII-8, SB-3, SK-3, SB-3u, BFKu, IPCHP-21, IChA-21 and IChA-101. One priority was organoculphur compounds of different structures. He presented national science abroad in People's Republic of China, German Democratic Republic, Socialist Republic of Romania, People's Republic of Hungary, Belarusian People's Republic, Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and Mexico.

4. Recognition

Guliyev was elected as a member of the Supreme Soviet of Azerbaijan SSR in VIII and IX convocations. He received 2 Stalin Prizes and 1 State Prize. He was awarded 2 orders of the Red Banner of Labour, 3 orders of Badge of Honor and medals, 6 honorary diplomas of the Supreme Soviet of Azerbaijan SSR, 2 golden and 4 silver medals of VDNKh of USSR. The Institute of Chemistry of Additives of AS of Azerbaijan was named after him.^[4]