Your browser does not fully support modern features. Please upgrade for a smoother experience.
Submitted Successfully!
Thank you for your contribution! You can also upload a video entry or images related to this topic. For video creation, please contact our Academic Video Service.
Version Summary Created by Modification Content Size Created at Operation
1 handwiki Camila Xu -- 8783 2022-11-25 01:46:21

Video Upload Options

We provide professional Academic Video Service to translate complex research into visually appealing presentations. Would you like to try it?
Cite
If you have any further questions, please contact Encyclopedia Editorial Office.
HandWiki. Targeted Killing. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/36470 (accessed on 03 October 2026).
HandWiki. Targeted Killing. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/36470. Accessed October 03, 2026.
HandWiki. "Targeted Killing" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/36470 (accessed October 03, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 25). Targeted Killing. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/36470
HandWiki. "Targeted Killing." Encyclopedia. Web. 25 November, 2022.
Targeted Killing
Edit

Targeted killing is defined as a form of murder or assassination carried out by governments. Some analysts believe that it is a modern euphemism for the assassination of a prominent individual by a state organization or institution outside a judicial procedure or a battlefield. Since the late 20th century, the legal status of targeted killing has become a subject of contention within and between various nations. Historically, at least since the mid-eighteenth century, Western thinking has generally considered the use of assassination as a tool of statecraft to be illegal. Some academics, military personnel and officials describe targeted killing as legitimate within the context of self-defense, when employed against terrorists or combatants engaged in asymmetrical warfare. They argue that drones are more humane and more accurate than manned vehicles, and that targeted or "named killings" do not occur in any context other than a declared state of war. Some twenty-six members of United States Congress, with academics such as Gregory Johnsen and Charles Schmitz, media figures (Jeremy Scahill, Glenn Greenwald, James Traub), civil rights groups (i.e. the American Civil Liberties Union) and ex-CIA station chief in Islamabad, Robert Grenier, have criticized targeted killings as a form of extrajudicial killings, which may be illegal under both United States and international law. According to statistical analyses provided by Reprieve, nine children have been killed for every adult the United States has tried to assassinate, and, in its numerous failed attempts to kill Ayman al-Zawahri, the CIA killed 76 children and 29 adult bystanders. Scholars are also divided as to whether targeted killings are an effective counterterrorism strategy.

civil rights statistical analyses counterterrorism

References

  1. Rosie Millard (12 November 1994). "The Making of a Saint". The Times. 
  2. "End Bloodbath". The Sun-Herald. Reuters (Sydney, Australia). 27 April 1994. Accessed 20 September 2012. 
  3. "Rwanda Human Rights Practices, 1994". Department of State Dispatch. March 1994. 
  4. David Johnston and David E. Sanger, "Threats and Responses: Hunt for Suspects" , The New York Times , 6 November 2002. https://www.nytimes.com/2002/11/06/world/threats-responses-hunt-for-suspects-fatal-strike-yemen-was-based-rules-set-bush.html
  5. Nir Gazit and Robert J. Brym, State-directed political assassination in Israel: A political hypothesis . International Sociology 26(6) (2011), pp. 862–877 http://projects.chass.utoronto.ca/brym/GazitBrym.pdf
  6. Clive Stafford Smith,"Who's getting killed today? Terror, Tuesday, the US Disposition Matrix and a modern history of state-sponsored assassination" , Times Literary Supplement, 30 June 2017 pp.3–5, p. 3 https://www.the-tls.co.uk/articles/public/state-sponsored-assassination/
  7. Michael York (24 March 1989). "Barry Describes Turner As 'Outstanding' Chief; Retirement Talk Said Not Under Pressure". The Washington Post. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1181502.html. 
  8. Phil Gailey (27 March 1989). "The capital of killings: Drug-related crime exploding in D.C.". St. Petersburg Times (Florida). Accessed 20 September 2012. 
  9. Charles C Holmes (31 August 1997). "Focus on Russia's Capital: a new age of uncertainty". Atlanta Journal-Constitution. 
  10. McSherry, J. Patrice (2011). "Chapter 5: "Industrial repression" and Operation Condor in Latin America". State Violence and Genocide in Latin America: The Cold War Years (Critical Terrorism Studies). Routledge. p. 107. ISBN 978-0415664578. https://www.routledge.com/State-Violence-and-Genocide-in-Latin-America-The-Cold-War-Years/Esparza-Huttenbach-Feierstein/p/book/9780415496377. Retrieved 7 July 2018. 
  11. McSherry, Patrice (2005). Predatory States: Operation Condor and Covert War in Latin America. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 78. ISBN 978-0742536876. https://books.google.com/books?id=2eFHAAAAYAAJ. 
  12. "OPERATION CONDOR ON TRIAL: LEGAL PROCEEDINGS ON LATIN AMERICAN RENDITION AND ASSASSINATION PROGRAM OPEN IN BUENOS AIRES". http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB416/. 
  13. "Rights group reports on abuses in El Salvador". United Press International. 29 May 1986. Accessed 20 September 2012. 
  14. Samantha Sparks (5 November 1987). "Nicaragua: rights group charges government, contra abuse". Inter Press Services. 
  15. Kathie Klarreich (12 August 1988). "Haiti's cry for help". The Christian Science Monitor. 
  16. Commission of the European Communities (3 May 1999). "Colombia: European Commission approves humanitarian aid worth euro 6.5 million". Rapid. 
  17. Serge F. Kovaleski (1 March 1998). "Widespread Violence Threatens Colombia's Stability; Leftist, Rightist Groups Have Killed Hundreds". The Washington Post. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-647589.html. 
  18. Snow, Anita (27 June 2007). "CIA Plot to Kill Castro Detailed". The Washington Post. AP (Washington, DC). https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/06/27/AR2007062700190.html. 
  19. Banka, Andris; Quinn, Adam (2018-10-02). "Killing Norms Softly: US Targeted Killing, Quasi-secrecy and the Assassination Ban". Security Studies 27 (4): 665–703. doi:10.1080/09636412.2018.1483633. ISSN 0963-6412.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1080%2F09636412.2018.1483633
  20. Blum, Gabriella and Philip Heymann (June 2010). "Law and Policy of Targeted Killing". National Security Journal: 145–170, 146. http://harvardnsj.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/Vol-1_Blum-Heymann_Final.pdf. Retrieved 7 February 2013. 
  21. Blum, Gabriella and Philip Heymann (June 2010). "Law and Policy of Targeted Killing". National Security Journal: 145–170, 150. http://harvardnsj.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/Vol-1_Blum-Heymann_Final.pdf. Retrieved 7 February 2013. 
  22. "US strikes in Yemen, 2002 to present" (in en). Google Docs. https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1lb1hEYJ_omI8lSe33izwS2a2lbiygs0hTp2Al_Kz5KQ/edit#gid=1277572900. 
  23. Peron, Alcides Eduardo dos Reis (2014). "The "Surgical" Legitimacy of Drone Strikes? Issues of Sovereignty and Human Rights in the Use of Unmanned Aerial Systems in Pakistan". Journal of Strategic Strategy 4 (7): 81–93. 
  24. "Living Under Drones: Death, Injury, and Trauma to Civilians from US Drone Practices in Pakistan". International Human Rights and Conflict Resolution Clinic at Stanford Law School and Global Justice Clinic at NYU School of Law: 118–119. September 2012. http://livingunderdrones.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Stanford-NYU-LIVING-UNDER-DRONES.pdf. Retrieved 7 February 2013. 
  25. "Living Under Drones: Death, Injury, and Trauma to Civilians from US Drone Practices in Pakistan". International Human Rights and Conflict Resolution Clinic at Stanford Law School and Global Justice Clinic at NYU School of Law: 1–165, 105. September 2012. http://livingunderdrones.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Stanford-NYU-LIVING-UNDER-DRONES.pdf. Retrieved 7 February 2013. 
  26. Frank Gardner (30 September 2011). "BBC News – Islamist cleric Anwar al-Awlaki killed in Yemen". BBC News. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-15121879. 
  27. Greg Miller (31 January 2010). "U.S. citizen in CIA's cross hairs". Los Angeles Times. https://articles.latimes.com/2010/jan/31/world/la-fg-cia-awlaki31-2010jan31. 
  28. Greg Miller (7 April 2010). "Muslim cleric Aulaqi is 1st U.S. citizen on list of those CIA is allowed to kill". The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/04/06/AR2010040604121.html?hpid=topnews. 
  29. Washington Report on Middle East Affairs. January/February 2013 Vol. XXXII, No. 1. p.35
  30. "The Obama Administration's Drone-Strike Dissembling ". The Atlantic. 14 March 2016. https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/03/the-obama-administrations-drone-strike-dissembling/473541/
  31. "Obama-led drone strikes kill innocents 90% of the time: report ". The Washington Times. 15 October 2015. http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/oct/15/90-of-people-killed-by-us-drone-strikes-in-afghani/
  32. "The Assassination Complex ". The Intercept. 15 October 2015. https://theintercept.com/drone-papers/the-assassination-complex/
  33. John O. Brennan (30 April 2012). "The Ethics and Efficacy of the President's Counterterrorism Strategy". Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. http://www.wilsoncenter.org/event/the-efficacy-and-ethics-us-counterterrorism-strategy. 
  34. "White House in first detailed comments on drone strikes". BBC News. 30 April 2012. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-17901400. 
  35. Savage, Charlie (30 April 2012). "Top U.S. Security Official Says 'Rigorous Standards' Are Used for Drone Strikes". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/01/world/obamas-counterterrorism-aide-defends-drone-strikes.html?_r=1. 
  36. Miller, Greg (30 April 2012). "Brennan speech is first Obama acknowledgment of use of armed drones". The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/brennan-speech-is-first-obama-acknowledgement-of-use-of-armed-drones/2012/04/30/gIQAq7B4rT_story.html. 
  37. Mark Schone; Muhammad Lila. "Brennan Defends Drone Strikes as Pakistan and Protestor Object". ABC News. https://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/brennan-defends-drone-strikes-pakistan-protestor-object/story?id=16244896. 
  38. Julian E. Barnes (20 April 2012). "U.S. Shifts Policy on Secrecy of Drone Use". The Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303916904577376141668874580?mod=googlenews_wsj#articleTabs%3Darticle. 
  39. Miller, Greg (26 April 2012). "White House approves broader Yemen drone campaign". The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/white-house-approves-broader-yemen-drone-campaign/2012/04/25/gIQA82U6hT_story.html?wpisrc=nl_headlines. 
  40. Hosenball, Mark (26 March 2010). "Obama Administration Official Publicly Defends Drone Attacks". The Daily Beast. http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/blogs/declassified/2010/03/26/obama-administration-official-publicly-defends-drone-attacks.html. 
  41. Richard A. Serrano; Andrew R. Grimm (5 March 2012). "Eric Holder: U.S. can target citizens overseas in terror fight". Los Angeles Times. https://articles.latimes.com/2012/mar/05/news/la-pn-eric-holder-terrorism-awlaki-20120305. 
  42. "Holder defends killings of American citizens overseas as part of war on terrorism". Associated Press. Fox News Channel. 5 March 2012. http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2012/03/05/holder-defends-killings-american-citizens-overseas-in-war-on-terrorism/. 
  43. Savage, Charlie (22 February 2012). "Pentagon Says U.S. Citizens With Terrorism Ties Can Be Targeted in Strikes". The New York Times. http://atwar.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/02/22/pentagon-says-u-s-citizens-with-terrorism-ties-can-be-targeted-in-strikes/. 
  44. "Obama defends US drone strikes in Pakistan". 31 January 2012 (BBC News). 31 January 2012. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-16804247. 
  45. Stone, Andreas (30 April 2012). "John Brennan, White House Counterterrorism Chief, Defends Drone Strikes [UPDATE"]. Huffington Post. https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/04/30/john-brennan-drone-strikes_n_1464989.html?ref=elections-2012. 
  46. Dozier, Kimberly (21 May 2012). "Who will drones target? Who in the US will decide?". Salon. Associated Press. http://www.salon.com/2012/05/21/who_will_drones_target_who_in_the_us_will_decide/. 
  47. Jo Becker; Scott Shane (29 May 2012). "Secret 'Kill List' Proves a Test of Obama's Principles and Will". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/29/world/obamas-leadership-in-war-on-al-qaeda.html?pagewanted=all. 
  48. Dilanian, Ken (25 June 2012). "Congress keeps closer watch on CIA drone strikes". Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/middleeast/la-na-drone-oversight-20120625,0,7967691,full.story. 
  49. Peter Bergen; Megan Braun (6 September 2012). "Drone is Obama's weapon of choice". CNN. http://edition.cnn.com/2012/09/05/opinion/bergen-obama-drone/index.html?iid=article_sidebar. 
  50. Shane, Scott (24 November 2012). "Election Spurred a Move to Codify U.S. Drone Policy". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/25/world/white-house-presses-for-drone-rule-book.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0. 
  51. Gerstein, Josh (1 January 2012). "Court: Feds can keep drone legal opinions secret". Politico. http://www.politico.com/blogs/under-the-radar/2013/01/court-feds-can-keep-drone-legal-opinions-secret-153169.html?ml=bp. 
  52. McMahon, Colleen (1 January 2013). "United States District Court Southern District of New York Case 1:12-cv-00794-CM Document 55-1 Filed 01/02/13". Politico. http://images.politico.com/global/2013/01/02/nytacludronesopn2.html. 
  53. Holder, Eric (22 May 2013). "Eric Holder's May 22, 2013 letter to the U.S. Senate judiciary committee chairman Patrick J. Leahy". U.S. Department of Justice. https://www.justice.gov/slideshow/AG-letter-5-22-13.pdf. 
  54. "U.S. Policy Standards and Procedures for the Use of Force in Counterterrorism Operations Outside the United States and Areas of Active Hostilities". whitehouse.gov. May 2013. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/uploads/2013.05.23_fact_sheet_on_ppg.pdf. 
  55. Obama, Barack (23 May 2013). "Remarks by the President at the National Defense University". whitehouse.gov. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/05/23/remarks-president-national-defense-university. 
  56. "Fact Sheet: The President's May 23 Speech on Counterterrorism". whitehouse.gov. 23 May 2013. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/05/23/remarks-president-national-defense-university. 
  57. "Barack Obama defends 'just war' using drones". BBC News. 24 May 2013. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-22638533. 
  58. Monroe, Bryan (24 May 2013). "5 things we learned from Obama's speech". CNN. http://edition.cnn.com/2013/05/23/politics/5-things-obama-terror. 
  59. Charlie Savage; Peter Baker (22 May 2013). "Obama, in a Shift, to Limit Targets of Drone Strikes". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/23/us/us-acknowledges-killing-4-americans-in-drone-strikes.html?pagewanted=all. 
  60. Baker, Peter (23 May 2013). "Pivoting From a War Footing, Obama Acts to Curtail Drones". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/24/us/politics/pivoting-from-a-war-footing-obama-acts-to-curtail-drones.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0. 
  61. Karen DeYoung; Greg Miller (23 May 2013). "Obama: U.S. at 'crossroads' in fight against terrorism". The Washington Post. https://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-05-23/politics/39467344_1_president-obama-drones-counterterrorism. 
  62. McKelvey, Tara (24 May 2013). "Obama shows a strong commitment to the drone programme". BBC News US & Canada. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-22646446. 
  63. DeYoung, Karen (22 May 2014). "Obama's revamp of anti-terror policies stalls". The New York Times. http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/2014/05/21/79ac0f20-e053-11e3-8dcc-d6b7fede081a_story.html. 
  64. Eliott C. McLaughlin, Jamie Crawford and Joe Sterling (24 May 2013). "Obama: U.S. will keep deploying drones – when they are only option". CNN. http://edition.cnn.com/2013/05/23/politics/obama-terror-speech. 
  65. Bowcott, Owen (18 October 2013). "Drone strikes by US may violate international law, says UN". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/oct/18/drone-strikes-us-violate-law-un. 
  66. Whitlock, Craig (22 October 2013). "Drone strikes killing more civilians than U.S. admits, human rights groups say". The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/drone-strikes-killing-more-civilians-than-us-admits-human-rights-groups-say/2013/10/21/a99cbe78-3a81-11e3-b7ba-503fb5822c3e_story.html. 
  67. Kimberly Dozier; Nedra Pickler (10 February 2014). "Obama officials weigh drone attack on US suspect". Associated Press. http://bigstory.ap.org/article/us-suspect-possibly-targeted-drone-attack. 
  68. "White House Fact Sheet on: U.S. Policy Standards and Procedures for the Use of Force in Counterterrorism Operations Outside the United States and Areas of Active Hostilities". whitehouse.gov. 23 May 2013. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/uploads/2013.05.23_fact_sheet_on_ppg.pdf. 
  69. Jeremy Scahill; Glenn Greenwald (10 February 2014). "The NSA's Secret Role in the U.S. Assassination Program". The Intercept. https://firstlook.org/theintercept/article/2014/02/10/the-nsas-secret-role/. 
  70. Priest, Dana (22 July 2014). "NSA growth fueled by need to target terrorists". The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/nsa-growth-fueled-by-need-to-target-terrorists/2013/07/21/24c93cf4-f0b1-11e2-bed3-b9b6fe264871_story.html. 
  71. Isikoff, Michael (4 February 2013). "Justice Department memo reveals legal case for drone strikes on Americans". NBC News. http://investigations.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/02/04/16843014-justice-department-memo-reveals-legal-case-for-drone-strikes-on-americans?lite. 
  72. "Undated memo entitled "Lawfulness of a Lethal Operation Directed Against a U.S. Citizen who is a Senior Operational Leader of Al Qa'ida or An Associated Force" by the U.S. Department of Justice". NBC News. http://msnbcmedia.msn.com/i/msnbc/sections/news/020413_DOJ_White_Paper.pdf. 
  73. Bradley, Martha (2013). Drones and the Chicago Convention: An Examination of the Concepts of Aerial Sovereignty, The War on Terror and the Notion of Self Defense in Relation to the Chicago Convention. University of Pretoria. 
  74. Wolfgang, Ben (21 August 2014). "Court rules Obama administration must justify targeted killings". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/apr/21/court-rules-obama-administration-must-justify-targ/. 
  75. Savage, Charlie (23 June 2014). "Justice Department Memo Approving Targeted Killing of Anwar Al-Awlaki". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/06/23/us/23awlaki-memo.html. 
  76. Sledge, Matt (23 June 2014). "Drone Memo Justifying Anwar al-Awlaki's Killing Released". The Huffington Post. https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/06/23/anwar-al-awlaki-drone-memo_n_5522067.html. 
  77. "Trump Restores CIA Power To Launch Drone Strikes". https://www.npr.org/2017/03/14/520162910/trump-restores-cia-power-to-launch-drone-strikes. 
  78. "Executive Order – United States Policy on Pre- and Post-Strike Measures to Address Civilian Casualties in U.S. Operations Involving the Use of Force". whitehouse.gov. 1 July 2016. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2016/07/01/executive-order-united-states-policy-pre-and-post-strike-measures. 
  79. "Executive Order on Revocation of Reporting Requirement". whitehouse.gov. 6 March 2019. https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-revocation-reporting-requirement/. 
  80. "Trump quietly rewrote the rules of drone warfare, which means the US can now kill civilians in secret". Business Insider Singapore. 7 March 2019. https://www.businessinsider.sg/trump-executive-order-stop-reporting-civilian-drone-strike-deaths-2019-3/. 
  81. "Trump revokes Obama rule on reporting drone strike deaths". BBC. 7 March 2019. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-47480207. 
  82. "US military increasingly using drone missile with flying blades in Syria" (in en). 2020-09-25. http://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/sep/25/us-military-syria-non-explosive-drone-missile-blades. 
  83. Strobel, Gordon Lubold and Warren P. (2019-05-09). "Secret U.S. Missile Aims to Kill Only Terrorists, Not Nearby Civilians" (in en-US). Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. https://www.wsj.com/articles/secret-u-s-missile-aims-to-kill-only-terrorists-not-nearby-civilians-11557403411. 
  84. "German court implicates Iran leaders in '92 killings". CNN. 10 April 1997. http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9704/10/germany.iran/. 
  85. "Bakhtiar, Teymour". Bakhtiari Family. http://www.bakhtiarifamily.com/teymourintro.php. 
  86. Ronen Bergman, 'How Arafat Eluded Israel’s Assassination Machine,' New York Times Magazine 23 January 2018 https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/23/magazine/how-arafat-eluded-israels-assassination-machine.html
  87. "Israeli soldiers condemned for wilful killings of palestinians". Xinhua General News Service. 20 February 1990. 
  88. "Undercover troops have 'licence to kill' Palestinians: rights group". Agence France-Presse. 29 June 1993. 
  89. Derek Brown (30 June 1993). "Israeli undercover units ordered to shoot to kill, says report". The Guardian. 
  90. Mark Lavie (14 December 2000). "Israelis kill Palestinian in a car; Palestinians call it an assassination". Associated Press. 
  91. Jennifer Ludden (2 January 2001). "Israel's policy of targeted assassinations of alleged militant palestinians". NPR. 
  92. Keith B. Richburg (8 January 2001). "Israelis Confirm Assassinations Used as Policy; Key Palestinians Targeted". The Washington Post. http://www.radioislam.org/historia/zionism/liquidationpolicy.html. 
  93. "Key Hamas Leader is Slain". Associated Press. 1 August 2001. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4605511.html. 
  94. Barry Schweid (13 February 2001). "Sharon emissaries hold talks with Bush administration officials". Associated Press Worldstream. 
  95. Barry Schweid (14 February 2001). "Bush urges Mideast parties to end violence". Associated Press. 
  96. Janine Zacharia (3 August 2001). "Sen. Biden defends targeted killings". The Jerusalem Post. 
  97. "B'Tselem Statistics, Objectives of a Targeted Killing" (in he). B'Tselem. March 2015. http://www.btselem.org/english/Statistics/Casualties_Data.asp?Category=19®ion=TER. 
  98. "34 Years Since 'Operation Spring of Youth.'” Israel Defense Forces. News-Today in the IDF-(Archives). 11 April 2007.
  99. "Mossad chose not to nab Mengele, didn't hunt down Munich terrorists, book claims". 2018-01-26. https://www.timesofisrael.com/mossad-chose-not-to-nab-mengele-didnt-hunt-down-munich-terrorists-book-claims/. 
  100. Bergman, Ronen (13 December 2010). "Killing the Killers". Newsweek. http://www.newsweek.com/2010/12/13/killing-the-killers.html. 
  101. Inbari, Pinchas. "Removing the Imaginary Hurdle". Al-HaMishmar. 18 April 1988. Article found in "The Murder of Abu Jihad". The Journal of Palestine Studies. Vol 17, No. 4, 1988. Page 155
  102. Toolis, Kevin (August 26, 1990). "The Man Behind Iraq's Supergun". New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/1990/08/26/magazine/the-man-behind-iraq-s-supergun.html?pagewanted=1. 
  103. Byman, Daniel (2011). A High Price: The Triumphs and Failures of Israeli Counterterrorism. Oxford University Press. p. 222. ISBN 9780195391824. https://archive.org/details/highpricetriumph0000byma. Retrieved 19 February 2017. "Secretary General Sayyid Abbas Musawi, along with his wife and one-year-old baby and four other people." 
  104. "Hamas mourns its greatest martyr: Robert Fisk in Marj al-Zohour, southern Lebanon, hears how a Palestinian came to die for the Islamic 'revolution' in Israel". 1993-11-29. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/hamas-mourns-its-greatest-martyr-robert-fisk-in-marj-al-zohour-southern-lebanon-hears-how-a-1507460.html. 
  105. Yossi Melman,'Mossad, MI6, the CIA and the case of the assassinated scientist,' The Independent, 30 November 2010 https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/yossi-melman-mossad-mi6-the-cia-and-the-case-of-the-assassinated-scientist-2146995.html
  106. Greenberg, Joel (January 10, 1996). "Slaying Blended Technology and Guile". New York Times . (Archives). https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F01E4D71339F933A25752C0A960958260. 
  107. "Israel kills key Palestinian leader". BBC. 27 August 2001. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/1511515.stm. 
  108. Guardian "12 Dead in Attack on Hamas." by Goldenberg, Suzanne. 23 July 2002. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2002/jul/23/israel1
  109. CNN, Shehade was high on Israel most-wanted list , 23 July 2002 http://edition.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/meast/07/23/shehade.profile/index.html
  110. "Hamas chief killed in air strike". 22 March 2004. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/3556099.stm. 
  111. Benn, Aluf and Harel, Amos. "Hamas Leader Surfaced Only to Worship." Ha’Aretz Daily (Archives). 23 March 2004
  112. "Eight top terrorists killed in Nablus". Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 27 June 2004. http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Terrorism-+Obstacle+to+Peace/Terrorism+and+Islamic+Fundamentalism-/Eight+top+terrorists+killed+In+Nablus+27-June-2004.htm. 
  113. "Israeli Airstrike Kills Top Hamas Enforcer in Gaza". Fox News. 8 June 2006. http://www.foxnews.com/story/2006/06/08/israeli-airstrike-kills-top-hamas-enforcer-in-gaza.html. 
  114. "Will Hizbullah avenge the hit on its terror chief?". http://www.jpost.com/Features/FrontLines/Article.aspx?id=207767. 
  115. "Israeli Special Forces Assassinated Senior Syrian Official". First Look. 15 July 2015. https://firstlook.org/theintercept/2015/07/15/israeli-special-forces-assassinated-senior-syrian-official/. 
  116. "Day seven: 430 killed, over 2,200 injured since Saturday". Maan News Agency. 2 January 2009. http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=207437. 
  117. Meikle, James (11 January 2012). "Iran: timeline of attacks". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jan/11/secret-war-iran-timeline-attacks. 
  118. "Hamas military commander 'assassinated in Dubai'". BBC News. 29 January 2010. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/8486531.stm. 
  119. "Hamas man 'drugged and suffocated' in Dubai". BBC News. 28 February 2010. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/8541612.stm. 
  120. "Dubai has proof Mossad killed Hamas man: report". Al Arabiya. 20 February 2010. http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2010/02/20/100906.html. 
  121. Mark Schone (17 February 2010). "Israel's Greatest Hits: Before Dubai, a History of Targeted Killing". ABC News. https://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/israels-greatest-hits-dubai-history-targeted-killing-now/story?id=9856671. 
  122. "2 killed in Gaza strike, including terror chief". Ynetnews. 9 March 2012. https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4200651,00.html. 
  123. "Massed Israeli troops poised for invasion of Gaza". The Independent. 14 November 2012. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/massed-israeli-troops-poised-for-invasion-of-gaza-8316615.html. 
  124. "Israeli air strike kills three Hamas commanders in Gaza". Reuters. 21 August 2014. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-gaza-idUSKBN0GI12O20140821. 
  125. "Region on edge after Israel's deadly strike". Daily Star. 2015-01-19. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Lebanon-News/2015/Jan-19/284555-region-on-edge-after-israels-deadly-strike.ashx. 
  126. "Report: Six Iranians killed in Israeli strike in Syria, including Revolutionary Guards general". Jerusalem Post. 2015-01-19. http://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/Report-Six-Iranians-killed-in-Israeli-strike-in-Syria-including-Revolutionary-Guards-general-388210. 
  127. "Hezbollah: Samir Kuntar killed in Israeli airstrike on Damascus – Middle East News". 2015-12-20. http://www.haaretz.com/middle-east-news/1.692786. 
  128. "Hamas blames Israel for killing of drone expert in Tunisia". 2016-12-17. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-38354958. 
  129. "Gunmen shoot dead Palestinian lecturer in Malaysia". Reuters. 21 April 2018. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-malaysia-palestinian/gunmen-shoot-dead-palestinian-lecturer-in-malaysia-idUSKBN1HS0B0. 
  130. "A Top Syrian Scientist Is Killed, and Fingers Point at Israel". 2018-08-06. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/06/world/middleeast/syrian-rocket-scientist-mossad-assassination.html. 
  131. "TARGETED KILLINGS BEGIN AS SECURITY CABINET DIRECTS IDF TO INTENSIFY STRIKES". Jerusalem Post. 5 May 2019. https://www.jpost.com/Middle-East/Targeted-assassinations-begin-as-security-cabinet-directs-IDF-to-intensify-588826. 
  132. "IDF strikes new Gaza targets, Egypt says Israel and Islamic Jihad in talks". Jerusalem Post. 13 November 2019. https://m.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Explosions-at-house-of-Islamic-Jihads-Abu-al-Ata-Palestinian-report-607579. 
  133. Goldman, Adam; Schmitt, Eric; Fassihi, Farnaz; Bergman, Ronen (14 November 2020). "Al Qaeda's No. 2, Accused in U.S. Embassy Attacks, Is Secretly Killed in Iran". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/13/world/middleeast/al-masri-abdullah-qaeda-dead.html. 
  134. Hjelmgaard, Deirdre Shesgreen and Kim (12 January 2021). "Pompeo confirms No. 2 al-Qaeda leader killed in Iran, asserts Tehran giving 'home base' to terror group". https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2021/01/12/mike-pompeo-confirms-al-qaedas-abu-muhammad-al-masri-killed-iran/6637242002/. 
  135. "Mohsen Fakhrizadeh, Iran's top nuclear scientist, assassinated near Tehran". BBC. 27 November 2020. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-55105934. 
  136. "Jerusalem violence: Deadly air strikes hit Gaza after rocket attacks". BBC. 10 May 2021. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-57053074. 
  137. For more information see B'Tselem Statistics, Objectives of a Targeted Killing https://www.btselem.org/statistics/fatalities/before-cast-lead/by-date-of-event/wb-gaza/palestinians-who-were-the-object-of-a-targeted-killing
  138. Philippines: Abusive ‘Drug War’ Targets Children 2 New Summary Killings Heighten Urgency of UN Inquiry, Human Right Watch 9 September 2017 https://www.hrw.org/news/2017/09/09/philippines-abusive-drug-war-targets-children
  139. "You Can Die Any Time" Human Rights Watch April 2009. https://books.google.com/books?id=iIxdqgG0EwgC&pg=PA4
  140. '“License to Kill” Philippine Police Killings in Duterte’s “War on Drugs”,' 2 March 2017 :’"If by chance that God will place me there, watch out because the 1,000 [people allegedly executed while Duterte was mayor of Davao City] will become 100,000. You will see the fish in Manila Bay getting fat. That is where I will dump you".(b).’ Since taking office, Duterte has repeatedly vowed to kill drug dealers and users in the midst of skyrocketing reports of extrajudicial executions by the police and so-called vigilantes. On 6 August, he warned drug dealers: "My order is shoot to kill you. I don’t care about human rights, you better believe me". He praised the soaring body count of victims of police killings as proof of the "success" of his "war on drugs". https://www.hrw.org/report/2017/03/02/license-kill/philippine-police-killings-dutertes-war-drugs
  141. Philippines: "If you are poor, you are killed": Extrajudicial Killings in the Philippines' "War on Drugs" Amnesty International 31 January 2017, https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/ASA3555172017ENGLISH.PDF
  142. Rishi Iyengar, The Killing Time: Inside Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte's War on Drugs Time Magazine 25 August 2016: 'one of the first of nearly 2,000 Filipinos killed so far in Duterte’s brutal war on drugs. The carnage is exactly what Duterte promised. "All of you who are into drugs, you sons of bitches, I will really kill you", he said before his election, in April. A month later, when he was President-elect, Duterte offered medals and cash rewards for citizens that shot dealers dead. "Do your duty, and if in the process you kill 1,000 persons because you were doing your duty, I will protect you", he told police officers on 1 July, the day after his inauguration. He was speaking at a ceremony installing dela Rosa, his loyal henchman, as the nation’s top cop. "If you know of any addicts, go ahead and kill them yourself as getting their parents to do it would be too painful", he was quoted as saying to another crowd that day.' http://time.com/4462352/rodrigo-duterte-drug-war-drugs-philippines-killing/
  143. Department of State (March 1993). "BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Human Rights Practices, 1992". Department of State Dispatch. Accessed 20 September 2012. 
  144. Jane Perlez (28 January 1999). "US pushes plans to end fighting in Serb province". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/1999/01/28/world/us-pushes-plan-to-end-fighting-in-serb-province.html. 
  145. Niccolo Sarno (22 December 1999). "Rights: Journalists "first target" in conflicts, IFJ says". Inter Press Service. http://www.ipsnews.net/1999/12/rights-journalists-first-target-in-conflicts-ifj-says/. 
  146. Eric S. Margolis (5 April 2010). "Time to Set the Chechen Free". http://www.ericmargolis.com/political_commentaries/time-to-set-the-chechen-free.aspx. 
  147. Ian R Kenyon (June 2002). "The chemical weapons convention and OPCW: the challenges of the 21st century". The CBW Conventions Bulletin (Harvard Sussex Program on CBW Armament and Arms Limitation) (56): 47. http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~hsp/bulletin/cbwcb56.pdf. Retrieved 4 October 2014. 
  148. "Top Chechen separatist dies in Qatar bomb blast" , The Guardian , 14 February 2004 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/feb/14/chechnya.nickpatonwalsh
  149. (in Russian) Sergei Ivanov has promised to strive for discharge of the Russian prisoners in Qatar , Lenta.ru, 3 March 2004 http://lenta.ru/russia/2004/03/03/ivanov/
  150. "Let Go" , Kommersant, 25 March 2004 http://www.kommersant.com/page.asp?id=460638
  151. "Russia 'behind Chechen murder'" , BBC News, 30 June 2004 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3852697.stm
  152. Aslan Maskhadov Killed , Kommersant, 9 March 2005 http://www.kommersant.com/page.asp?id=552963
  153. (in Russian) Задержанные в Катаре – офицеры ГРУ , Gazeta.ru, 29 April 2004 http://www.gazeta.ru/2004/04/29/oa_119495.shtml
  154. "Convicted Russia agents 'missing'" , BBC News, 17 February 2005 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4275147.stm
  155. "Russia's tactics make Chechen war spread across Caucasus". Kavkaz. 16 September 2005. http://www.kavkaz.org.uk/eng/content/2005/09/16/4074.shtml. 
  156. "Russia: RFE/RL Interviews Chechen Field Commander Umarov". Rferl. 28 July 2005. http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2005/7/C7FD0FF2-647F-42EA-827B-42812C1E8A0A.html. 
  157. No Terrorist Acts in Russia Since Beslan: Whom to Thank? http://www.jamestown.org/chechnya_weekly/article.php?articleid=2373424
  158. "Chechen Guerilla Leader Calls Russians 'Terrorists'". ABC News. 28 July 2005. https://abcnews.go.com/Nightline/story?id=989549&page=1. 
  159. "Mastermind of Russian school siege killed; Report: Chechen warlord dies in blast set by Russian agents". CNN. 10 July 2006. http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/europe/07/10/russia.basayev/index.html. 
  160. (in ru)Russian Newsweek. 23 July 2006. http://www.runewsweek.ru/theme/?tid=73&rid=1229. 
  161. Faulconbridge, Guy; Holden, Michael (21 September 2021). "European rights court rules Russia was behind Litvinenko killing". Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/european-court-rules-russia-was-behind-litvinenko-killing-2021-09-21/. 
  162. "UK authorities 'overlooked' evidence linking Russia to deaths on British soil". 2017-06-16. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/uk-police-evidence-russian-assassins-behind-14-suspicious-deaths-british-soil-boris-berezovsky-scot-a7793151.html. 
  163. Kramer, Andrew E. (2017-06-09). "Masquerading as Reporter, Assassin Hunted Putin Foes in Ukraine". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/09/world/europe/ukraine-assassin-russia-putin-amina-okuyeva.html. 
  164. Walker, Shaun (2017-10-31). "Russia blamed for attack on Chechen pair who fought with Ukrainians". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/31/russia-blamed-for-attack-on-chechen-couple-who-fought-with-ukrainian-forces. 
  165. Kramer, Andrew E. (2017-03-23). "Hours Before He Died, a Putin Critic Said He Was a Target". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/23/world/europe/a-russian-critic-of-putin-is-assassinated-in-ukraine.html. 
  166. "Russia faces Tuesday deadline to explain poisoning of ex-spy Sergei Skripal". 2018-03-13. http://www.euronews.com/2018/03/12/watch-live-british-pm-addresses-parliament-about-nerve-attack-on-russian-spy. 
  167. "Theresa May has accused Russia of being behind the attempted assassination of a double agent in the UK". http://www.businessinsider.com/britain-accused-russia-of-being-behind-sergei-skripal-assassination-2018-3?IR=T. 
  168. "Living Under Drones: Death, Injury, and Trauma to Civilians from US Drone Practices in Pakistan". International Human Rights and Conflict Resolution Clinic at Stanford Law School and Global Justice Clinic at NYU School of Law: 1–165, 112. September 2012. http://livingunderdrones.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Stanford-NYU-LIVING-UNDER-DRONES.pdf. Retrieved 7 February 2013. 
  169. "CHAPTER VII: ACTION with RESPECT to THREATS to the PEACE, BREACHES of the PEACE, and ACTS of AGGRESSION" ". Charter of the United Nations. https://www.un.org/en/documents/charter/chapter7.shtml
  170. Gary D. Solis (2010). The Law of Armed Conflict: International Humanitarian Law in War. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-87088-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=6FKf0ocxEPAC&q=%22targeted+killing%22&pg=PA542. Retrieved 19 May 2010. 
  171. Abraham D. Sofaer (26 March 2004). "Responses to Terrorism / Targeted killing is a necessary option". San Francisco Chronicle. http://articles.sfgate.com/2004-03-26/opinion/17416329_1_self-defense-killings-deadly-force. 
  172. Dana Priest (8 November 2002). "U.S. Citizen Among Those Killed in Yemen Predator Missile Strike". The Tech (MIT); The Washington Post. http://tech.mit.edu/V122/N54/long4-54.54w.html. 
  173. Mohammed Daraghmeh (20 February 2001). "Hamas Leader Dies in Apparent Israeli Targeted Killing". Times Daily. https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=e08gAAAAIBAJ&pg=1426,2445697&dq=targeted-killing&hl=en. 
  174. "United States of America Practice Relating to Rule 65. Perfidy Section B. Killing, injuring or capturing an adversary by resort to perfidy". International Committee of the Red Cross. http://www.icrc.org/customary-ihl/eng/docs/v2_cou_us_rule65_sectionb. 
  175. John Pike. "FM 27-10 Chptr 2 Hostilities". http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/policy/army/fm/27-10/Ch2.htm. 
  176. "Daniel Reisner's Profile". martindale.com. http://www.martindale.com/Daniel-Reisner/26213772-lawyer.htm. 
  177. Consent and advise , Yotam Feldman and Uri Blau, Haaretz, 29 January 2009. http://www.haaretz.com/consent-and-advise-1.269127
  178. Why Palestine Should Take Israel to Court in The Hague , George Bisharat, The New York Times , 31 January 2013. https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/30/opinion/why-palestine-should-take-israel-to-court-in-the-hague.html
  179. Gary D. Solis (2010). The Law of Armed Conflict: International Humanitarian Law in War. Cambridge University Press. p. 542. ISBN 9781139487115. https://books.google.com/books?id=6FKf0ocxEPAC&q=The%20Law%20of%20Armed%20Conflict%3A%20International%20Humanitarian%20Law%20in%20War&pg=PA542. Retrieved 5 August 2012. 
  180. "Targeted killing is a necessary option" , Sofaer, Abraham D., Hoover Institution, 26 March 2004 http://www.sfgate.com/opinion/openforum/article/Responses-to-Terrorism-Targeted-killing-is-a-2775845.php
  181. null
  182. Matthew J. Morgan (2009). The Impact of 9/11 and the New Legal Landscape: The Day that Changed Everything?. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-60838-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=QP1Bq7HVQtwC&q=The+Impact+of+9/11+and+the+New+Legal+Landscape:+The+Day+That+Changed+Everything. Retrieved 5 August 2012. 
  183. Matthew J. Morgan (2009). The Impact of 9–11: The New Legal Landscape. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-60838-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=QP1Bq7HVQtwC&q=The+Impact+of+9/11+and+the+New+Legal+Landscape:+The+Day+That+Changed+Everything. Retrieved 29 May 2010. 
  184. Amos Guiora (2004). "Targeted Killing as Active Self-Defense". Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law 36 (319). http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?collection=journals&handle=hein.journals/cwrint36&div=20&id=&page=. Retrieved 29 May 2010. 
  185. Steven R. David (September 2002). Fatal Choices: Israel's Policy of Targeted Killing. The Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies. http://biu.ac.il/SOC/besa/david.pdf. Retrieved 29 May 2010. 
  186. Rory Miller (2007). Ireland and the Middle East: trade, society and peace. Irish Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-7165-2868-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=i5lnAAAAMAAJ&q=assassination+%22targeted+killing%22. Retrieved 29 May 2010. 
  187. "Targeted Killing and Assassination: The U.S. Legal Framework" , Banks, William C., Raven-Hansen, Peter, 37 University of Richmond Law Review 667 (2002–03). Retrieved 9 October 2010. http://heinonlinebackup.com/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/urich37§ion=31
  188. Thomas B. Hunter (2009). Targeted Killing: Self-Defense, Preemption and the War on Terrorism. ISBN 978-1-4392-5205-5. 
  189. Grimmett, R.. "CRS Report for Congress". law.umaryland.edu. http://www.law.umaryland.edu/marshall/crsreports/crsdocuments/RS22357_01042006.pdf. 
  190. The Hill: "Obama Could Bomb Iraq Without Congress Because War Authorization Never Expired" 12 June 2014. Accessed 17 February 2015. http://blogs.rollcall.com/white-house/obama-has-authority-to-bomb-iraq-without-congress-because-aumf-never-expired/?dcz=
  191. Branson, Louise (14 November 1998). "Campaign to eliminate Saddam gains speed". The Scotsman. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-18675087.html. 
  192. Sauer, Frank/Schoernig Niklas, 2012: "Killer drones: The 'silver bullet' of democratic warfare?" , in: Security Dialogue 43 (4): 363–380, accessed 1 September 2012. http://sdi.sagepub.com/content/43/4/363.abstract
  193. "Frequently Asked Questions About Targeting Killing". American Civil Liberties Union. 30 August 2010. https://www.aclu.org/national-security/frequently-asked-questions-about-targeting-killing. 
  194. "Archived copy". http://www.carnegiecouncil.org/resources/journal/17_1/debate/860.html. 
  195. Ibrahim Nafie (31 October 2001). "Opinion | The very model of a rogue state". Al-Ahram Weekly. http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2001/557/op1.htm. 
  196. "Drone strikes by US may violate international law, says UN ". The Guardian. 18 October 2013. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/oct/18/drone-strikes-us-violate-law-un
  197. "UN report calls for independent investigations of drone attacks ". The Guardian. 18 October 2013. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/mar/10/un-report-independent-investigations-drone-attacks
  198. Micah, Zenko (January 2013). Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies. New York: Council on Foreign Relations. p. 3. http://www.cfr.org/wars-and-warfare/reforming-us-drone-strike-policies/p29736. Retrieved 11 February 2013. 
  199. Micah, Zenko (January 2013). Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies. New York, New York: Council on Foreign Relations. pp. vii. http://www.cfr.org/wars-and-warfare/reforming-us-drone-strike-policies/p29736. Retrieved 11 February 2013. 
  200. Blum, Gabriella and Philip Heymann (June 2010). "Law and Policy of Targeted Killing". Harvard National Security Journal 1: 165. http://harvardnsj.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/Vol-1_Blum-Heymann_Final.pdf. Retrieved 11 February 2013. 
  201. Blum, Gabriella and Philip Heymann (June 2010). "Law and Policy of Targeted Killing". Harvard National Security Journal 1: 166. http://harvardnsj.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/Vol-1_Blum-Heymann_Final.pdf. Retrieved 11 February 2013. 
  202. Abrahms, Max (2018). Rules for Rebels: The Science of Victory in Militant History. Oxford University Press. pp. 151–164. ISBN 9780192539441. 
  203. Byman, Daniel (July–August 2013). "Why Drones Work: The Case for Washington's Weapon of Choice". Foreign Affairs 92 (4). http://www.brookings.edu/research/articles/2013/06/17-drones-obama-weapon-choice-us-counterterrorism-byman. Retrieved 8 July 2013. 
  204. Cronin, Audrey Kurth (July–August 2013). "Why Drones Fail: When Tactics Drive Strategy". Foreign Affairs 92 (4): 44–54. http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/139454/audrey-kurth-cronin/why-drones-fail. Retrieved 10 July 2013. 
More
Upload a video for this entry
Information
Subjects: Others
Contributor MDPI registered users' name will be linked to their SciProfiles pages. To register with us, please refer to https://encyclopedia.pub/register :
View Times: 2.8K
Entry Collection: HandWiki
Revision: 1 time (View History)
Update Date: 25 Nov 2022
Notice
You are not a member of the advisory board for this topic. If you want to update advisory board member profile, please contact office@encyclopedia.pub.
OK
Confirm
Only members of the Encyclopedia advisory board for this topic are allowed to note entries. Would you like to become an advisory board member of the Encyclopedia?
Yes
No
${ textCharacter }/${ maxCharacter }
Submit
Cancel
There is no comment~
${ textCharacter }/${ maxCharacter }
Submit
Cancel
${ selectedItem.replyTextCharacter }/${ selectedItem.replyMaxCharacter }
Submit
Cancel
Confirm
Are you sure to Delete?
Yes No
Academic Video Service