Your browser does not fully support modern features. Please upgrade for a smoother experience.
Submitted Successfully!
Thank you for your contribution! You can also upload a video entry or images related to this topic. For video creation, please contact our Academic Video Service.
Version Summary Created by Modification Content Size Created at Operation
1 handwiki Sirius Huang -- 1994 2022-11-04 01:45:30

Video Upload Options

We provide professional Academic Video Service to translate complex research into visually appealing presentations. Would you like to try it?
No, upload directly Yes
Cite
If you have any further questions, please contact Encyclopedia Editorial Office.
HandWiki. Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32919 (accessed on 24 September 2026).
HandWiki. Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32919. Accessed September 24, 2026.
HandWiki. "Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32919 (accessed September 24, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 04). Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32919
HandWiki. "Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells." Encyclopedia. Web. 04 November, 2022.
Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells
Edit
The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Biology:Intrinsically_photosensitive_retinal_ganglion_cells

Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), also called photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (pRGC), or melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs), are a type of neuron in the retina of the mammalian eye. The presence of ipRGCs were first noted in 1923 when rodless, coneless mice still responded to a light stimulus through pupil constriction, suggesting that rods and cones are not the only light-sensitive neurons in the retina. It wasn't until the 1980s that advancements in research on these cells began. Recent research has shown that these retinal ganglion cells, unlike other retinal ganglion cells, are intrinsically photosensitive due to the presence of melanopsin, a light-sensitive protein. Therefore they constitute a third class of photoreceptors, in addition to rod and cone cells.

retinal ganglion cells melanopsin ganglion

References

  1. Wong K. Y., Dunn F. A., Berson D. M. (December 2005). "Photoreceptor adaptation in intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells". Neuron 48 (6): 1001–10. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.11.016. PMID 16364903.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.neuron.2005.11.016
  2. Berson D. M. (June 2003). "Strange vision: ganglion cells as circadian photoreceptors". Trends in Neurosciences 26 (6): 314–320. doi:10.1016/S0166-2236(03)00130-9. PMID 12798601.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS0166-2236%2803%2900130-9
  3. Fan, Sabrina Mai-Yi; Chang, Yi-Ting; Chen, Chih-Lung; Wang, Wei-Hung; Pan, Ming-Kai; Chen, Wen-Pin; Huang, Wen-Yen; Xu, Zijian et al. (2018-07-17). "External light activates hair follicle stem cells through eyes via an ipRGC–SCN–sympathetic neural pathway" (in en). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115 (29): E6880–E6889. doi:10.1073/pnas.1719548115. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 29959210. PMC 6055137. http://www.pnas.org/lookup/doi/10.1073/pnas.1719548115. 
  4. Jennifer L. Ecker, Olivia N. Dumitrescu, Kwoon Y. Wong, Nazia M. Alam, Shih-Kuo Chen, Tara LeGates, Jordan M. Renna, Glen T. Prusky, David M. Berson, Samer Hattar (2010). "Melanopsin-Expressing Retinal Ganglion-Cell Photoreceptors: Cellular Diversity and Role in Pattern Vision". Neuron 67 (1): 49–60. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2010.05.023. PMID 20624591.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2904318
  5. Zaidi F. H., Hull J. T., Peirson S. N. (December 2007). "Short-wavelength light sensitivity of circadian, pupillary, and visual awareness in humans lacking an outer retina". Current Biology 17 (24): 2122–8. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2007.11.034. PMID 18082405 (December 13, 2007).  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2151130
  6. Berson D. M. (August 2007). "Phototransduction in ganglion-cell photoreceptors". Pflügers Archiv 454 (5): 849–55. doi:10.1007/s00424-007-0242-2. PMID 17351786.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00424-007-0242-2
  7. Do, Michael Tri Hoang; Yau, King-Wai (2017-04-03). "Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells". Physiological Reviews 90 (4): 1547–1581. doi:10.1152/physrev.00013.2010. ISSN 0031-9333. PMID 20959623. PMC 4374737. https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/physrev.00013.2010. 
  8. Graham, Dustin M.; Wong, Kwoon Y. (1995-01-01). Kolb, Helga. ed. Webvision: The Organization of the Retina and Visual System. Salt Lake City (UT): University of Utah Health Sciences Center. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK27326/. 
  9. Do, Michael Tri H.; Kang, Shin H.; Xue, Tian; Zhong, Haining; Liao, Hsi-Wen; Bergles, Dwight E.; Yau, King-Wai (2009-01-15). "Photon capture and signalling by melanopsin retinal ganglion cells". Nature 457 (7227): 281–287. doi:10.1038/nature07682. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 19118382. Bibcode: 2009Natur.457..281D.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2794210
  10. Chellappa, Sarah Laxhmi; Ly, Julien Q. M.; Meyer, Christelle; Balteau, Evelyne; Degueldre, Christian; Luxen, André; Phillips, Christophe; Cooper, Howard M. et al. (2014-04-22). "Photic memory for executive brain responses". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 111 (16): 6087–6091. doi:10.1073/pnas.1320005111. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 24616488. Bibcode: 2014PNAS..111.6087C.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4000819
  11. Vuong H. E., Hardi C. N., Barnes S., Brecha N. C. (December 2015). "Parallel inhibition of dopamine amacrine cells and intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells in a non-image-forming visual circuit of the mouse retina". Journal of Neuroscience 35 (48): 15955–70. doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3382-15.2015. PMID 26631476.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4666919
  12. Colwell, C. S.; Michel, S.; Itri, J.; Rodriguez, W.; Tam, J.; Lelièvre, V.; Hu, Z.; Waschek, J. A. (2004-11-01). "Selective deficits in the circadian light response in mice lacking PACAP" (in en). American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 287 (5): R1194–R1201. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00268.2004. ISSN 0363-6119. PMID 15217792.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1152%2Fajpregu.00268.2004
  13. Butcher, G. Q. (2005-06-01). "Light Stimulates MSK1 Activation in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus via a PACAP-ERK/MAP Kinase-Dependent Mechanism" (in en). Journal of Neuroscience 25 (22): 5305–5313. doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4361-04.2005. ISSN 0270-6474. PMID 15930378.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=6724997
  14. Keenan, William Thomas; Rupp, Alan C.; Ross, Rachel A.; Somasundaram, Preethi; Hiriyanna, Suja; Wu, Zhijian; Badea, Tudor C.; Robinson, Phyllis R. et al. (2016). "A visual circuit uses complementary mechanisms to support transient and sustained pupil constriction". eLife 5. doi:10.7554/eLife.15392. ISSN 2050-084X. PMID 27669145.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5079752
  15. Gamlin, Paul D.; McDougal, David H.; Pokorny, Joel; Smith, Vivianne C.; Yau, King-Wai; Dacey, Dennis M. (2017-04-14). "Human and Macaque Pupil Responses Driven by Melanopsin-Containing Retinal Ganglion Cells". Vision Research 47 (7): 946–954. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2006.12.015. ISSN 0042-6989. PMID 17320141.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1945238
  16. Lockley S. W., Brainard G. C., Czeisler C. A. (September 2003). "High sensitivity of the human circadian melatonin rhythm to resetting by short wavelength light". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 88 (9): 4502–4505. doi:10.1210/jc.2003-030570. PMID 12970330.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1210%2Fjc.2003-030570
  17. Keeler C. E. (October 1928). "Blind Mice". Journal of Experimental Zoology 51 (4): 495–508. doi:10.1002/jez.1400510404.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Fjez.1400510404
  18. Foster R. G., Provencio I., Hudson D., Fiske S., De Grip W., Menaker M. (July 1991). "Circadian photoreception in the retinally degenerate mouse (rd/rd)". Journal of Comparative Physiology A 169 (1): 39–50. doi:10.1007/BF00198171. PMID 1941717.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2FBF00198171
  19. Provencio I., Rodriguez I. R., Jiang G., Hayes W. P., Moreira E. F., Rollag M. D. (January 2000). "A novel human opsin in the inner retina". The Journal of Neuroscience 20 (2): 600–605. doi:10.1523/jneurosci.20-02-00600.2000. PMID 10632589.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=6772411
  20. Berson D. M., Dunn F. A., Takao M. (February 2002). "Phototransduction by retinal ganglion cells that set the circadian clock". Science 295 (5557): 1070–1073. doi:10.1126/science.1067262. PMID 11834835. Bibcode: 2002Sci...295.1070B.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1067262
  21. Hattar S., Liao H. W., Takao M., Berson D. M., Yau K. W. (February 2002). "Melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells: architecture, projections, and intrinsic photosensitivity". Science 295 (5557): 1065–1070. doi:10.1126/science.1069609. PMID 11834834. Bibcode: 2002Sci...295.1065H.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2885915
  22. Panda S., Nayak S. K., Campo B., Walker J. R., Hogenesch J. B., Jegla T. (January 2005). "Illumination of the melanopsin signaling pathway". Science 307 (5709): 600–604. doi:10.1126/science.1105121. PMID 15681390. Bibcode: 2005Sci...307..600P.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1105121
  23. Qiu X., Kumbalasiri T., Carlson S. M. (February 2005). "Induction of photosensitivity by heterologous expression of melanopsin". Nature 433 (7027): 745–749. doi:10.1038/nature03345. PMID 15674243. Bibcode: 2005Natur.433..745Q.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature03345
  24. Dacey D. M., Liao H. W., Peterson B. B., (February 2005). "Melanopsin-expressing ganglion cells in primate retina signal colour and irradiance and project to the LGN". Nature 433 (7027): 749–754. doi:10.1038/nature03387. PMID 15716953. Bibcode: 2005Natur.433..749D.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature03387
  25. Coghlan, Andy (2007). "How blind people see sunrise and sunset". New Scientist 196 (2635–2636): 9. doi:10.1016/S0262-4079(07)63172-8. https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg19626354.100-blind-people-see-sunrise-and-sunset.html. 
  26. Schor, Jacob (2008-04-19). "Blue Light and Melatonin" (web page). Morning Light. http://www.denvernaturopathic.com/bluelightandmelatonin.htm. Retrieved 2008-05-30. 
More
©Text is available under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons-Attribution ShareAlike (CC BY-SA) license; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy.
Upload a video for this entry
Information
Subjects: Others
Contributor MDPI registered users' name will be linked to their SciProfiles pages. To register with us, please refer to https://encyclopedia.pub/register :
HandWiki
View Times: 2.1K
Entry Collection: HandWiki
Revision: 1 time (View History)
Update Date: 04 Nov 2022
Table of Contents
    Notice
    You are not a member of the advisory board for this topic. If you want to update advisory board member profile, please contact office@encyclopedia.pub.
    OK
    Confirm
    Only members of the Encyclopedia advisory board for this topic are allowed to note entries. Would you like to become an advisory board member of the Encyclopedia?
    Yes
    No
    ${ textCharacter }/${ maxCharacter }
    Submit
    Cancel
    There is no comment~
    ${ textCharacter }/${ maxCharacter }
    Submit
    Cancel
    ${ selectedItem.replyTextCharacter }/${ selectedItem.replyMaxCharacter }
    Submit
    Cancel
    Confirm
    Are you sure to Delete?
    Yes No
    Academic Video Service
    Feedback