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HandWiki. Democracy 2.1. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32082 (accessed on 03 October 2026).
HandWiki. Democracy 2.1. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32082. Accessed October 03, 2026.
HandWiki. "Democracy 2.1" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32082 (accessed October 03, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, October 31). Democracy 2.1. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32082
HandWiki. "Democracy 2.1." Encyclopedia. Web. 31 October, 2022.
Democracy 2.1
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Social:Democracy_2.1

Janeček Method (D21) is an electoral system created by Czech mathematician Karel Janeček. Janeček Method (D21) is a modern voting and electoral method. Its main advantage is an effect of multiple votes which enables casting multiple plus votes, and in certain cases, also a minus vote. Multiple votes enable us to express a wider scope of preferences, thereby reflecting the complexities of social choice more accurately. The system was developed ostensibly in response to corruption within the Czech political system. Though it has not yet been used in any general elections, D21 has found use in several participatory budgeting programs conducted by cities and countries around the world, including the New York City. The game Prezident 21 was introduced in 2016 in order to help familiarize people with the D21 system.

social choice participatory budgeting electoral system

References

  1. "Czech Republic 2013 - World's largest opinion survey on corruption - Transparency International" (in en). https://www.transparency.org/gcb2013/country?country=czech_republic. 
  2. "Anti-corruption campaigner ‘targeted’ by Prague underworld | Téma". 2012-01-31. http://ceskapozice.lidovky.cz/anti-corruption-campaigner-targeted-by-prague-underworld-p3a-/tema.aspx?c=A120131_150518_pozice_54979. 
  3. "Alumnus Gives Voters A Better Way to Decide - News - Carnegie Mellon University" (in en). Carnegie Mellon University. 2016-03-07. https://www.cmu.edu/news/stories/archives/2016/march/better-way-for-voters.html. 
  4. Cunningham, Benjamin (2015-08-13). "Recalculating democracy" (in en-US). POLITICO. https://www.politico.eu/article/recalculating-democracy-representative-form-government-corruption/. 
  5. "ParticipateDB: The Digital Engagement Tool Directory" (in en). http://www.participatedb.com/tools/270. 
  6. "Janecek method". https://www.ih21.org/en/janecek-method. 
  7. "Czech philanthropist exports own-developed election system | Prague Monitor" (in en). http://praguemonitor.com/2015/06/16/czech-philanthropist-exports-own-developed-election-system. 
  8. "New York City Tests Digital Ballot in Participatory Budget Vote" (in en-US). Civic Hall. https://civichall.org/civicist/new-york-city-tests-digital-ballot-in-participatory-budget-vote/. 
  9. The Democratic Society for the Scottish Government (February 2016). Digital tools and Scotland’s Participatory Budgeting programme (Report). http://www.demsoc.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/DS-Digital-Tools-paper.pdf. 
  10. Pincha, João Pedro. "Lex Paulson: "Nova Iorque tem muito a aprender com Cascais"" (in pt-PT). https://observador.pt/2015/07/11/nova-iorque-tem-muito-a-aprender-com-cascais/. 
  11. "Občané Říčan si vyzkouší unikátní hlasování díky projektu Demokracie 2.1 - ŘÍČANY (oficiální stránky města)". https://info.ricany.cz/mesto/obcane-rican-si-vyzkousi-unikatni-hlasovani-diky-projektu-demokracie-2-1. 
  12. "Říčany". http://www.ridimricany.cz/. 
  13. "D21 English". https://en.d21.me/reference/participatory-budget-in-new-york. 
  14. "Řešení pro školy". https://www.ih21.org/reseni-pro-skoly. 
  15. www.benes-michl.cz, Beneš & Michl. "Prezident 21" (in en). https://www.prezident21.com/. 
  16. "Janečkova Demokracie 21: Volby jako hra". https://www.e15.cz/the-student-times/janeckova-demokracie-21-volby-jako-hra-1337143. 
  17. "Jaký volební systém pro Českou republiku?" (in cs). 2015-12-10. https://www.cdk.cz/jaky-volebni-system-pro-ceskou-republiku. 
  18. Haury, Caroline (2014-10-31). "Democracy 2.1: The idea of empowering voters through a new election system" (in en-US). Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Freedom Brussels. https://fnf-europe.org/2014/10/31/democracy-2-1-the-idea-of-empowering-voters-through-a-new-election-system/. 
  19. Sál, Karel (2015-05-29). "The Democracy 2.1 election system under the magnifying glass" (in cs-cz). e-politics.cz. http://e-politics.cz/volebni-system-demokracie-2-1-pod-lupou/. 
  20. "The use of Janecek method in politics". https://www.ih21.org/en/the-use-of-janecek-method-in-politics. 
  21. "Should extremist parties be banned in the EU?" (in en-US). 2012-11-14. https://www.debatingeurope.eu/2012/11/14/should-extremist-parties-be-banned/. 
  22. "Democracy’s New Normal: The Impact of Extremist Parties". https://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/12652/democracy-s-new-normal-the-impact-of-extremist-parties. 
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