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HandWiki. AMPT. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31055 (accessed on 21 September 2026).
HandWiki. AMPT. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31055. Accessed September 21, 2026.
HandWiki. "AMPT" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31055 (accessed September 21, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, October 25). AMPT. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31055
HandWiki. "AMPT." Encyclopedia. Web. 25 October, 2022.
AMPT
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Chemistry:AMPT

Alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (AMPT) is a tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme inhibitor and is therefore a drug involved in inhibiting the catecholamine biosynthetic pathway. AMPT inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase whose enzymatic activity is normally regulated through the phosphorylation of different serine residues in regulatory domain sites. Catecholamine biosynthesis starts with dietary tyrosine, which is hydroxylated by tyrosine hydroxylase and it is hypothesized that AMPT competes with tyrosine at the tyrosine-binding site, causing inhibition of tyrosine hydroxylase. It has been used in the treatment of pheochromocytoma. It has been demonstrated to inhibit the production of melanin.

tyrosine hydroxylase catecholamine melanin

References

  1. Brogden, R. N.; Heel, R. C.; Speight, T. M.; Avery, G. S. (1981). "alpha-Methyl-p-tyrosine: a review of its pharmacology and clinical use". Drugs 21 (2): 81–89. doi:10.2165/00003495-198121020-00001. ISSN 0012-6667. PMID 7009139.  https://dx.doi.org/10.2165%2F00003495-198121020-00001
  2. Engelman, Karl; Horwitz, David; Jéquier, Eric; Sjoerdsma, Albert (1968). "Biochemical and pharmacologic effects of α-methyltyrosine in man". Journal of Clinical Investigation 47 (3): 577–594. doi:10.1172/JCI105754. ISSN 0021-9738. PMID 5637145.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=297204
  3. Engelman, K; Sjoerdsma, A (1966). "Inhibition of Catecholamine Biosynthesis in Man" (in en). Circulation Research 18 (S6): I–104–I–109. doi:10.1161/01.RES.18.S6.I-104. ISSN 0009-7330.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1161%2F01.RES.18.S6.I-104
  4. [Encyclopedia, A.D.A.M. "Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors." Pheochromocytoma. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 18 Nov. 0000. Web. 11 May 2012.].
  5. Prys‐Roberts, C. (2000). "Phaeochromocytoma—recent progress in its management" (in en). British Journal of Anaesthesia 85 (1): 44–57. doi:10.1093/bja/85.1.44. ISSN 0007-0912. PMID 10927994.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Fbja%2F85.1.44
  6. Ankenman, Ralph; Salvatore, Michael F. (2007). "Low Dose Alpha-Methyl-Para-Tyrosine (AMPT) in the Treatment of Dystonia and Dyskinesia". The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 19 (1): 65–69. doi:10.1176/jnp.2007.19.1.65. ISSN 0895-0172. PMID 17308229.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1176%2Fjnp.2007.19.1.65
  7. Nestler, Eric J.; Hyman, Steven E.; Malenka, Robert C. (2008) (in en). Molecular Neuropharmacology: A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience, Second Edition. McGraw Hill Professional. ISBN 9780071641197. https://books.google.com/books?id=YYUMZDeQNV4C&q=Molecular+Neuropharmacology%3A+A+Foundation+for+Clinical+Neuroscience. 
  8. Brown, Jeffrey M.; Hanson, Glen R.; Fleckenstein, Annette E. (2001). "Regulation of the Vesicular Monoamine Transporter-2: A Novel Mechanism for Cocaine and Other Psychostimulants" (in en). Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 296 (3): 762–767. ISSN 0022-3565. PMID 11181904. http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/296/3/762. 
  9. Thomas, David M.; Francescutti-Verbeem, Dina M.; Kuhn, Donald M. (2016). "The newly synthesized pool of dopamine determines the severity of methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity". Journal of Neurochemistry 105 (3): 605–616. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.05155.x. ISSN 0022-3042. PMID 18088364.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2668123
  10. Martinez, Diana; Greene, Kaitlin; Broft, Allegra; Kumar, Dileep; Liu, Fei; Narendran, Rajesh; Slifstein, Mark; Van Heertum, Ronald et al. (2016). "Lower Level of Endogenous Dopamine in Patients With Cocaine Dependence: Findings From PET Imaging of D2/D3 Receptors Following Acute Dopamine Depletion". The American Journal of Psychiatry 166 (10): 1170–1177. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.08121801. ISSN 0002-953X. PMID 19723785.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2875882
  11. McCann, Una D.; Thorne, David; Hall, Martica; Popp, Kathy; Avery, Warren; Sing, Helen; Thomas, Maria; Belenky, Gregory (1995). "The Effects of L-Dihydroxyphenylalanine on Alertness and Mood in α-Methyl-Para-Tyrosine-Treated Healthy Humans" (in en). Neuropsychopharmacology 13 (1): 41–52. doi:10.1016/0893-133X(94)00134-L. ISSN 0893-133X. PMID 8526970. https://zenodo.org/record/1258625. 
  12. Sweet, Richard D.; Bruun, Ruth; Shapiro, Elaine; Shapiro, Arthur K. (1974). "Presynaptic Catecholamine Antagonists as Treatment for Tourette Syndrome: Effects of Alpha Methyl Para Tyrosine and Tetrabenazine". Archives of General Psychiatry 31 (6): 857–61. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1974.01760180095012. ISSN 0003-990X. PMID 4613321. http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/article-abstract/491287. 
  13. "Prolonged inhibition of presynaptic catecholamine synthesis with alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine attenuates the circadian rhythm of human TSH secretion". J. Soc. Gynecol. Investig. 8 (3): 174–178. 2001. doi:10.1016/S1071-5576(01)00104-6. PMID 11390253.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS1071-5576%2801%2900104-6
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