Aiming at the problems of the complex in situ stress measurement process, difficult measurement and long-term monitoring, it is particularly important to design a three-dimensional borehole full stress monitoring method based on the principle of rock mass rheological stress recovery, which lays a foundation for underground construction, such as roadway engineering and tunnel engineering. Through theoretical calculation and mechanical analysis, the magnitude, direction and inclination of the stress at any point in the borehole of the geological body are analyzed. Based on this, a three-dimensional borehole full stress monitor is constructed. At the same time, the rheological stress change process of rock mass around the borehole is analyzed by numerical simulation, the rationality of the three-dimensional borehole full stress monitor is determined, and a new method of borehole surrounding rock stress monitoring is proposed. The results show that: (1) the stress monitoring of the surrounding rock can be realized by the stress recovery principle of a rock mass rheological borehole, and it can be monitored for a long time; (2) the three-dimensional borehole total stress monitor can reflect the size and direction of the six principal stresses of the surrounding rock stress through eight measuring points; (3) the design structure and mechanical properties of the three-dimensional borehole full stress monitor are reasonable, and the linearity and sensitivity of the hydraulic membrane material are reasonable, which can meet the standards of long-term monitoring.