Nature generates for own uses a number of structurally very complex objects. Technologists, just like junk dealers, can make use of these objects for solving artificially-unfeasible problems. There are two possible manners of using these wonderful jewels, that nature gifts us: the first possibility is a ‘low-tech’ approach, which mostly consists in breaking the object and using the substance as a chemical reactant. The second possibility, that could be named as ‘high-tech’ approach, is based on the use of the most complex part of the natural object, that consists in its complex geometry or some other characteristics related to the shape. Obviously between these two limit situations there are many other intermediate cases. Let’s consider, for example, the case of diatom frustules, this fossil substance can be broken and converted to thin fragments, consisting in very sharp glass pieces, capable to cut the cuticle of insects and cause their dehydration and death. Indeed, diatomite powder is a very good natural insecticide, characterized by low-cost and high effectiveness. Similarly, the use of this diatomite powder as an abrasive product represents a further example of low-tech application of fossil diatoms. Diatoms frustules can also be used as dryer or as precursor for the chemical synthesis of zeolites (i.e., aluminosilicates), since diatomite is made by amorphous biogenic silica of the best quality. However, there are also many ‘high-tech’ ways to exploit these unique objects generated by the nature. In this case, the very complex architecture of diatoms, made of periodically-arranged micropores, is exploited for technological applications. All types of diatoms always are made by an infinite number of small cylindrical cells with a micrometric diameter (0.1-2 μm), that can absorb a polar liquid and separate it in a very large number of extremely small portions. The capability of diatomite to absorb polar liquids and to finely separate them in many very small portions, physically separated by the frustules walls, is a great potentiality in chemistry, because it prevents the kinetic auto-acceleration of strongly exothermic mass reactions. Such unique potentiality offered by the diatomite frustuli geometry has been exploited by the Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel in the stabilization of an extremely unstable (explosive) substance named nitroglycerine. Further, since diatomite is made of amorphous microporous silica (opal), its potential use (in a wet form) as protonic conductor in technological applications of different types (e.g., fuel cells, gas sensors, humidity sensors, pH sensors) has been proposed too. In this case, the high porous structure of diatomite is strictly needed for the permeation of water in the full powder volume.