Frédérique Constant: History
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Frédérique Constant SA is a Swiss manufacture of luxury wristwatches based in Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva. It was acquired in 2016 by Citizen Holdings of Tokyo, Japan. The company was established in 1988 by Peter Stas and Aletta Stas-Bax (a Dutch married couple). Before the sale to Citizen, Frédérique Constant SA was owned by Union Horlogère Holding B.V., which also owned Alpina Watches International SA, and Ateliers deMonaco SA, and was, in turn, owned by Frédérique Constant Holding SA.

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1. History

The company was founded in 1988 by Aletta Francoise Frédérique Stas-Bax and Peter Constant Stas (a Dutch married couple).[1][2] Its name is derived from the names of great-grandparents of each founder – specifically Frédérique Schreiner (1881–1969) and Constant Stas (1880–1967), the latter of whom founded a company producing watch dials in 1904.[3][4][5]

In 2002, to diversify the Frédérique Constant group, Aletta and her husband acquired Alpina Watches, a manufacturer of Swiss sports watches founded in 1883.

Frederique Constant has grown into one of the larger Swiss watch manufacturers. In 2011, production reached over 120,000 watches, sold in over 2,700 points of sale in more than 100 countries. Frederique Constant positions itself in the accessible luxury segment, with most of its watches selling in the price range of CHF 1,000–5,000 retail. In 2011, the company said that it expected to continue growing at an annual rate of 25%, doubling in size every three years.[6]

In 2013, Aletta and Peter Stas (with two other contributors) wrote a book Live your passion – Building a watch manufacture, about their passion for watchmaking and the history of Frederique Constant.[7]

In May 2016, Citizen Holdings (which also owns Bulova) announced its intention to acquire Frederique Constant Holding SA, which included Union Horlogère Holding B.V., which in turn included Frederique Constant SA, Alpina Watches International SA, and Ateliers deMonaco SA.[2] The same year, the Frederique Constant Group acquires its main distributors, including its largest market, Macher SA in Switzerland, founded in 2002 by Alexis Gouten.

2. Manufacture Facilities

Frederique Constant operates a manufacture in Geneva in a 3200 square metres, divided over four floors, with sectors for movement component production, movement assembly, watch assembly, and quality control. Numerically controlled machinery is located in a large workshop in the basement, where all component manufacturing is concentrated. Movement and watch assembly, as well as quality control, are primarily organized on the first floor.[8]

Frederique Constant extends Geneva manufacturing facility with an additional 3000 m2 space, bringing the Frederique Constant Group’s headquarters up to 6200 m2.[9][10]

3. Ownership Structure and Sister Brands

Prior to the sale to Citizen, Frederique Constant Holding SA owned Union Horlogère Holding B.V., which also owned Alpina Watches International SA, a watch manufacture founded in 1883 by Gottlieb Hauser, a watchmaker in Winterthur who founded the Swiss Watchmakers Corporation ("Union Horlogère Suisse").

Additionally, Union Horlogère Holding B.V. also owned Ateliers deMonaco SA, a watch manufacture founded in 2008 (the same year as Frédérique Constant SA) by Peter Stas with two other partners.

All three companies (Frédérique Constant SA, Alpina Watches International SA, and Ateliers deMonaco SA) are based in Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland .

These companies have together been referred to as the Frederique Constant Group.

4. Products and Product Features

4.1. Heart Beat Movement

In 2001, Frederique Constant began the development of its first watch movement in cooperation with the École d'Horlogerie de Genève, École d'Ingenieurs de Genève and the Horloge Vakschool Zadkine. The Heart Beat Manufacture has a characteristic bridge for the balance wheel on the front side of the movement. Having the bridge for the balance wheel on the front side made it possible to have the spiral and fine regulation on the front side as well, creating the company's "Heart Beat" design. The company patented this construction as an innovation in watch design technology.[6]

The company's "Heart Beat Manufacture" won the "Watch of the Year" Award of Horloges Magazine in the category up to €3000 in 2005.[11]

As of 2014, the company has brought 15 distinct movements to the market, starting with the introduction of its original Heart Beat in 2004.[12]

4.2. Silicon Escapement Wheel

Frederique Constant escapement wheel made of silicon

In February 2007, Frederique Constant began production of the Silicon escapement wheel (first introduced to the industry by Patek Philippe in 2005).[13] The company introduced the Heart Beat Calibre FC 935 Silicium in October 2007. It implements new high-tech materials to create better, more precise and more reliable mechanical watches.[14] Deep reactive-ion etching is used to shape silicon wafers into escapement wheels, pallets, and plateaus. Silicon is lighter, harder and stronger than metal. Etched into tiny skeletal structures that would be impossible to form with metal, it becomes the featherweight heart of a mechanism that can run at a far higher accuracy. The silicon parts are virtually frictionless, so need no lubrication, and are immune to most external forces. And when bonded with a carbon coating, silicon's only real drawback, brittleness, can also be overcome.[15][16]

4.3. Tourbillon

Frederique Constant escapement made of silicon; anker, wheel and plateau

In April 2008, Frederique Constant created a tourbillon with a silicon escape-wheel and, for the first time, an amplitude of over 300 degrees between its vertical and horizontal positions. Coupled with rapid oscillation, this gives the watch an unusually high level of precision.[17]

4.4. Manufacture

Frederique Constant offers 15 manufacture (in-house) movements in addition to their mainstream line of ETA-powered watches. The high-end handwinding FC-910 caliber, introduced in 2004, was joined by Tourbillon in 2008 and a mainstream FC-7xx caliber range in 2009. The addition of the second-generation manufacture movements makes the company unusual in offering a complete in-house watch for under €2,000 MSRP. Watches with in-house movements are identified with the word, "Manufacture" in their model name, or can be identified by looking for the tourbillon, FC-9xx, or FC-7xx movement in their specifications.[18]

4.5. Worldtimer

Frederique Constant introduced a Worldtimer watch in 2012 with a unique mechanism, adjusted solely via the crown. The Worldtimer function is used by selecting the desired city and placing it at the 12 o'clock position on the dial. Internal discs automatically synchronise, and after that, it is possible to see what time it is in any of the 24 cities on the dial. In addition, thin discs also indicate at a glance whether it is day (white disc) or night (black disc).[19]

Frederique Constant Runabout

4.6. Runabout Product Line

The Runabout range is a main collection of Frederique Constant and is designed to pay tribute to the runabout gentlemen's sports boats of the Roaring Twenties. The company has sponsored the Hélice Classique Genève and Lake Tahoe Concours d'Elegance boating events, which have showcased vintage wood boats.[20][21][22]

4.7. Vintage Rally Line and Sponsorships

Since 2004, Frederique Constant has sponsored several classic car rallies worldwide, and it develops limited-edition watches for each of these sponsorships. The sponsorships have included Healey Challenges,[23][24] Peking to Paris,[25] and the Carrera Panamericana.[26]

4.8. Horological Smartwatch

In 2015, the Frederique Constant and Alpina brands introduced the "Horological Smartwatch", a smartwatch product with motion and sleep tracking functions that uses a secondary analog dial rather than a screen for its display – giving the timepiece a more classic look than other such devices.[27][28] The lack of a display screen also provides significant power saving – enabling a battery life of two years or more, in contrast to other smartwatches that must be charged daily.[29] This product line uses "MotionX" core technology, licensed from the California-based company Fullpower Technologies and was developed in a joint venture known as Manufacture Modules Technologies (MMT).

4.9. Hybrid Manufacture Smartwatch

In 2018, Frederique Constant reveals the world's first mechanical smartwatch, the Hybrid Manufacture that fuses smartwatch technology with a mechanical movement.[30][31]

5. Charitable Activities

The company's charitable activities have included:

  • Donating US$50 from each watch sold in its Double Heart Beat Collection to various charities, including those related to the heart and children.[32]
  • A US$50,000 cheque donated to the American Heart Association during its 2010 Passion Awards for Charity in New York.[33]
  • Two cheques, amounting to US$50,000 in 2008 and US$75,000 in 2011, to the International Children's Heart Foundation, an organisation that helps to diagnose and care for children with congenital heart disease in developing countries.[32]
  • Partnering with the World Heart Federation on the "Hearts of Children" campaign and in a multi-national survey conducted in Brazil, India, UK and the USA by the Federation regarding perceptions and awareness of heart disease.[34]
  • Creating exceptional and one-off pieces to raise funds for scientific and medical research on neuromuscular diseases in general and Duchenne muscular dystrophy in particular.[35]
  • Sponsoring the European Entrepreneurs of the Year awards.[36]

The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Company:Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9rique_Constant

References

  1. "Factsheet". Archived from the original on September 24, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130924005535/http://frederique-constant.com/uploads/news/factsheet.pdf. Retrieved September 9, 2013. 
  2. "Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. to Acquire Frederique Constant Group (press release)". May 26, 2016. http://www.citizenwatch-global.com/news/2016/images/20160526fc1e.pdf. 
  3. "Frédérique Constant: Confirmed Growth". November 23, 2001. http://www.fhs.ch/eng/2001-11-23_135.html. Retrieved July 19, 2014. 
  4. Barquero, J.D. Enciclopedia del Reloj de Bolsillo 8497351894 2004 - Page 179 "... el año 1904 con la unión de Frédérique Schreniner y Constant Stas, imprimiendo esferas para relojes, y en el año 1988 lanzó su primera colección de seis modelos."
  5. Orologi 2011 - Le Collezioni 8866147265 Page 284 "1904 - Frédérique Schreiner (1881-1969) e Constant Stas (1880-1967), si incontrano dando inizio a una collaborazione lunga e fruttuosa che prende il via con la fabbricazione di quadranti."
  6. "Frederique Constant's Response to Swatch's Plan to Reduce Movements' Supply". December 19, 2011. http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20111218005023/en/Frederique-Constants-Response-Swatch%E2%80%99s-Plan-Reduce-Movements. Retrieved July 29, 2013. 
  7. Stas, Aletta; Stas, Peter; Brunner, Gisbert L.; Linz, Alexander (2013). Live your passion – Building a watch manufacture. Ebner Verlag. ISBN 978-2839911993. 
  8. "Industrial News". Archived from the original on January 28, 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20070128193316/http://www.industrialnewsupdate.com/archives/2005/06/swiss_watch_com.php. Retrieved March 19, 2007. 
  9. "Frédérique Constant s'apprête à inaugurer l'extension de sa manufacture". https://www.agefi.com/home/entreprises/detail/edition/online/article/le-nouveau-batiment-de-la-marque-horlogere-frederique-constant-va-permettre-de-presque-doubler-la-surface-de-la-manufacture-de-plan-les-ouates-488251.html. Retrieved June 8, 2018. 
  10. "Frederique Constant extends Geneva manufacturing facility". https://usa.watchpro.com/frederique-constant-extends-geneva-manufacturing-facility/. Retrieved June 8, 2018. 
  11. "Horloges Awards 2005" (in Dutch). Archived from the original on December 16, 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20061216054101/http://motomax.nl/index.php/news/show_item/11/. Retrieved March 19, 2007. 
  12. Modig, Anders. "A Celebration of Accessible Luxury". Archived from the original on June 9, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140609042431/http://ourminutes.tourneau.com/ten-years-house-manufacturing/. Retrieved June 15, 2014. 
  13. "Reinventing the Wheel". Archived from the original on October 19, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161019205656/https://orientwatchvn.blogspot.com/2016/09/frederique-constant-watches-swiss-watch.html. Retrieved February 22, 2007. 
  14. "Swiss Watch News 2007". Archived from the original on July 21, 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110721091939/http://www.fhs.hk/Archives/frederique_siliciumcalibre_en.htm. Retrieved September 16, 2008. 
  15. "Watchmaking: The high-tech world of old-world watches". The Economist. June 7, 2014. https://www.economist.com/news/technology-quarterly/21603232-horology-mechanical-watches-are-leaving-their-digital-cousins-dust. Retrieved June 15, 2014. 
  16. "The Silicon revolution". August–September 2008. http://www.europastar.com/watch-knowledge/1003843153-the-silicon-revolution.html. Retrieved June 15, 2014. 
  17. "Frederique Constant – Tourbillon Manufacture Silicium". http://www.swisstime.ch/pgs/rwi-pgs-prod-lgs-en-idp-1632.html. Retrieved September 16, 2008. 
  18. Jasper, Kelly (March 2014). "The Value Proposition: The Frederique Constant Classics Manufacture". http://www.hodinkee.com/blog/value-proposition-frederique-constant-classics-manufacture. Retrieved June 15, 2014. 
  19. Stults, Kyle (October 18, 2012). "Frederique Constant Worldtimer Collection". http://blog.perpetuelle.com/watches/frederique-constant-worldtimer-collection/. Retrieved July 29, 2013. 
  20. Disher, Mike (September 19, 2011). "Frédérique Constant Stars at Lake Tahoe Concours d'Elegance". http://www.watchtime.com/wristwatch-industry-news/watches/frederique-constant-stars-at-lake-tahoe-concours-delegance/. Retrieved July 29, 2013. 
  21. Stults, Kyle (May 22, 2012). "Frederique Constant Venice Runabout". http://blog.perpetuelle.com/watches/frederique-constant-runabout-venice-watch/. Retrieved July 29, 2013. 
  22. "Frederique Constant and Runabout". http://montre24.com/brand/Frederique-Constant/FrederiqueConstantRunabout/. Retrieved July 29, 2013. 
  23. Adams, Ariel (February 21, 2011). "Frédérique Constant Healey Chrono Watch Review". http://www.ablogtowatch.com/frederique-constant-healey-chrono-watch-review/. Retrieved July 29, 2013. 
  24. Disher, Mike (June 10, 2010). "Frédérique Constant Healey Chrono – Automatic and Stoptimer Set". http://www.watchtime.com/wristwatch-industry-news/watches/frederique-constant-healey-chrono-automatic-stoptimer-set/. Retrieved July 29, 2013. 
  25. Disher, Mike (July 21, 2010). "Frédérique Constant Official Timekeeper for Peking to Paris Motor Challenge". http://www.watchtime.com/wristwatch-industry-news/scene/frederique-constant-official-timekeeper-for-peking-to-paris-motor-challenge/. Retrieved July 29, 2013. 
  26. "Frederique Constant Vintage Rally Collection: The Carrera Panamericana". February 3, 2012. http://www.prweb.com/releases/Frederique_Constant/Panamericana/prweb9080606.htm. Retrieved July 29, 2013. 
  27. "Frédérique Constant The horological smartwatch is here!". February 27, 2015. http://en.worldtempus.com/article/new-watches/frederique-constant-horological-smartwatch-here-2444156. Retrieved March 25, 2015. 
  28. Mitroff, Sarah (February 27, 2015). "The Swiss Have Finally Started Making Luxury Smartwatches". https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-02-27/the-swiss-have-finally-started-making-luxury-smartwatches. Retrieved March 25, 2015. 
  29. Mitroff, Sarah (February 26, 2015). "Swiss watches are getting smart without sacrificing style". https://www.cnet.com/news/swiss-watches-are-getting-smart-without-sacrificing-style/. Retrieved April 11, 2015. 
  30. "The world's first mechanical smartwatch". http://en.worldtempus.com/article/watches/innovation-and-technology/frederique-constant-the-worlds-first-mechanical-smartwatch-25512.html. Retrieved March 11, 2018. 
  31. "Frederique Constant reveals the world's first mechanical smartwatch". 22 February 2018. https://www.wareable.com/hybrid-smartwatches/frederique-constant-hybrid-manufacture-release-date-price-specs-2911. Retrieved March 11, 2018. 
  32. Pittilla, Mary Jane (January 5, 2012). "Frederique Constant makes heartfelt donation to children's charity". Archived from the original on January 29, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130129062902/http://moodiereport.com/document.php?c_id=1134&doc_id=29615. Retrieved February 7, 2013. 
  33. "Live your Passion with Frederique Constant". http://www.financialpost.com/markets/news/Live+your+Passion+with+Frederique+Constant/5881271/story.html. Retrieved December 23, 2011. 
  34. "Partnership with Frédérique Constant". http://www.world-heart-federation.org/what-we-do/awareness/partnership-with-frederique-constant/. Retrieved July 22, 2013. 
  35. "Only Watch". http://www.onlywatch.com. Retrieved July 22, 2013. 
  36. "Frederique Constant partners to honor European Entrepreneurs of the Year". December 12, 2012. http://news.centurionjewelry.com/articles/view/brand-news-le-vian-sethi-couture-honored-vicki-cunningham-retires-more. Retrieved February 7, 2013. 
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