Conversion of Units of Temperature: History
Please note this is an old version of this entry, which may differ significantly from the current revision.
Subjects: Physics, Applied
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This is a collection of temperature conversion formulas and comparisons among eight different temperature scales, several of which have long been obsolete.

  • temperature

1. Celsius

Template:Temperature/table

2. Fahrenheit

Template:Temperature/table

3. Kelvin

Template:Temperature/table

4. Rankine

Template:Temperature/table

5. Delisle

Template:Temperature/table

6. Sir Isaac Newton's Degree Of Temperature

Not to be confused with the "Newton" (Unit Of Force).Template:Temperature/table

7. Réaumur

Template:Temperature/table

8. Rømer

Template:Temperature/table

9. Comparison Values Chart

Celsius Fahrenheit Kelvin Rankine Delisle Newton Réaumur Rømer
500.00 932.00 773.15 1391.67 −600.00 165.00 400.00 270.00
490.00 914.00 763.15 1373.67 −585.00 161.70 392.00 264.75
480.00 896.00 753.15 1355.67 −570.00 158.40 384.00 259.50
470.00 878.00 743.15 1337.67 −555.00 155.10 376.00 254.25
460.00 860.00 733.15 1319.67 −540.00 151.80 368.00 249.00
450.00 842.00 723.15 1301.67 −525.00 148.50 360.00 243.75
440.00 824.00 713.15 1283.67 −510.00 145.20 352.00 238.50
430.00 806.00 703.15 1265.67 −495.00 141.90 344.00 233.25
420.00 788.00 693.15 1247.67 −480.00 138.60 336.00 228.00
410.00 770.00 683.15 1229.67 −465.00 135.30 328.00 222.75
400.00 752.00 673.15 1211.67 −450.00 132.00 320.00 217.50
390.00 734.00 663.15 1193.67 −435.00 128.70 312.00 212.25
380.00 716.00 653.15 1175.67 −420.00 125.40 304.00 207.00
370.00 698.00 643.15 1157.67 −405.00 122.10 296.00 201.75
360.00 680.00 633.15 1139.67 −390.00 118.80 288.00 196.50
350.00 662.00 623.15 1121.67 −375.00 115.50 280.00 191.25
340.00 644.00 613.15 1103.67 −360.00 112.20 272.00 186.00
330.00 626.00 603.15 1085.67 −345.00 108.90 264.00 180.75
320.00 608.00 593.15 1067.67 −330.00 105.60 256.00 175.50
310.00 590.00 583.15 1049.67 −315.00 102.30 248.00 170.25
300.00 572.00 573.15 1031.67 −300.00 99.00 240.00 165.00
290.00 554.00 563.15 1013.67 −285.00 95.70 232.00 159.75
280.00 536.00 553.15 995.67 −270.00 92.40 224.00 154.50
270.00 518.00 543.15 977.67 −255.00 89.10 216.00 149.25
260.00 500.00 533.15 959.67 −240.00 85.80 208.00 144.00
250.00 482.00 523.15 941.67 −225.00 82.50 200.00 138.75
240.00 464.00 513.15 923.67 −210.00 79.20 192.00 133.50
230.00 446.00 503.15 905.67 −195.00 75.90 184.00 128.25
220.00 428.00 493.15 887.67 −180.00 72.60 176.00 123.00
210.00 410.00 483.15 869.67 −165.00 69.30 168.00 117.75
200.00 392.00 473.15 851.67 −150.00 66.00 160.00 112.50
190.00 374.00 463.15 833.67 −135.00 62.70 152.00 107.25
180.00 356.00 453.15 815.67 −120.00 59.40 144.00 102.00
170.00 338.00 443.15 797.67 −105.00 56.10 136.00 96.75
160.00 320.00 433.15 779.67 −90.00 52.80 128.00 91.50
150.00 302.00 423.15 761.67 −75.00 49.50 120.00 86.25
140.00 284.00 413.15 743.67 −60.00 46.20 112.00 81.00
130.00 266.00 403.15 725.67 −45.00 42.90 104.00 75.75
120.00 248.00 393.15 707.67 −30.00 39.60 96.00 70.50
110.00 230.00 383.15 689.67 −15.00 36.30 88.00 65.25
100.00 212.00 373.15 671.67 0.00 33.00 80.00 60.00
90.00 194.00 363.15 653.67 15.00 29.70 72.00 54.75
80.00 176.00 353.15 635.67 30.00 26.40 64.00 49.50
70.00 158.00 343.15 617.67 45.00 23.10 56.00 44.25
60.00 140.00 333.15 599.67 60.00 19.80 48.00 39.00
50.00 122.00 323.15 581.67 75.00 16.50 40.00 33.75
40.00 104.00 313.15 563.67 90.00 13.20 32.00 28.50
30.00 86.00 303.15 545.67 105.00 9.90 24.00 23.25
20.00 68.00 293.15 527.67 120.00 6.60 16.00 18.00
10.00 50.00 283.15 509.67 135.00 3.30 8.00 12.75
0.00 32.00 273.15 491.67 150.00 0.00 0.00 7.50
−10.00 14.00 263.15 473.67 165.00 −3.30 −8.00 2.25
−20.00 −4.00 253.15 455.67 180.00 −6.60 −16.00 −3.00
−30.00 −22.00 243.15 437.67 195.00 −9.90 −24.00 −8.25
−40.00 −40.00 233.15 419.67 210.00 −13.20 −32.00 −13.50
−50.00 −58.00 223.15 401.67 225.00 −16.50 −40.00 −18.75
−60.00 −76.00 213.15 383.67 240.00 −19.80 −48.00 −24.00
−70.00 −94.00 203.15 365.67 255.00 −23.10 −56.00 −29.25
−80.00 −112.00 193.15 347.67 270.00 −26.40 −64.00 −34.50
−90.00 −130.00 183.15 329.67 285.00 −29.70 −72.00 −39.75
−100.00 −148.00 173.15 311.67 300.00 −33.00 −80.00 −45.00
−110.00 −166.00 163.15 293.67 315.00 −36.30 −88.00 −50.25
−120.00 −184.00 153.15 275.67 330.00 −39.60 −96.00 −55.50
−130.00 −202.00 143.15 257.67 345.00 −42.90 −104.00 −60.75
−140.00 −220.00 133.15 239.67 360.00 −46.20 −112.00 −66.00
−150.00 −238.00 123.15 221.67 375.00 −49.50 −120.00 −71.25
−160.00 −256.00 113.15 203.67 390.00 −52.80 −128.00 −76.50
−170.00 −274.00 103.15 185.67 405.00 −56.10 −136.00 −81.75
−180.00 −292.00 93.15 167.67 420.00 −59.40 −144.00 −87.00
−190.00 −310.00 83.15 149.67 435.00 −62.70 −152.00 −92.25
−200.00 −328.00 73.15 131.67 450.00 −66.00 −160.00 −97.50
−210.00 −346.00 63.15 113.67 465.00 −69.30 −168.00 −102.75
−220.00 −364.00 53.15 95.67 480.00 −72.60 −176.00 −108.00
−230.00 −382.00 43.15 77.67 495.00 −75.90 −184.00 −113.25
−240.00 −400.00 33.15 59.67 510.00 −79.20 −192.00 −118.50
−250.00 −418.00 23.15 41.67 525.00 −82.50 −200.00 −123.75
−260.00 −436.00 13.15 23.67 540.00 −85.80 −208.00 −129.00
−270.00 −454.00 3.15 5.67 555.00 −89.10 −216.00 −134.25
−273.15 −459.67 0.00 0.00 559.725 −90.1395 −218.52 −135.90375
Celsius Fahrenheit Kelvin Rankine Delisle Newton Réaumur Rømer

10. Comparison of Temperature Scales

Comparison of temperature scales
Comment Kelvin Celsius Fahrenheit Rankine Delisle Newton Réaumur Rømer
Absolute zero 0.00 −273.15 −459.67 0.00 559.73 −90.14 −218.52 −135.90
Lowest recorded surface temperature on Earth[1] 184 −89.2[1] −128.6[1] 331 284 −29 −71 −39
Fahrenheit's ice/salt mixture 255.37 −17.78 0.00 459.67 176.67 −5.87 −14.22 −1.83
Ice melts (at standard pressure) 273.15 0.00 32.00 491.67 150.00 0.00 0.00 7.50
Triple point of water 273.16 0.01 32.018 491.688 149.985 0.0033 0.008 7.50525
Average surface temperature on Earth 288 15 59 519 128 5 12 15
Average human body temperature* 310 37 98 558 95 12 29 27
Highest recorded surface temperature on Earth[2] 331 58[2] 136.4[2] 596 63 19 46 38
Water boils (at standard pressure) 373.1339 99.9839 211.97102[3] 671.64102[3] 0.00 33.00 80.00 60.00
Titanium melts 1941 1668 3034 3494 −2352 550 1334 883
The surface of the Sun 5800 5500 9900 10400 −8100 1800 4400 2900

* Normal human body temperature is 36.8 °C ±0.7 °C, or 98.2 °F ±1.3 °F. The commonly given value 98.6 °F is simply the exact conversion of the nineteenth-century German standard of 37 °C. Since it does not list an acceptable range, it could therefore be said to have excess (invalid) precision.[4]

Some numbers in this table have been rounded.

Graphical representation

0 K / 0 °R (−273.15 °C) 0 °F (−17.78 °C) 150 °D 32 °F 7.5 °Rø 0 °C / 0 °Ré / 0 °N 212 °F 100 °C 80 °Ré 60 °Rø 33 °N 0 °D File:Comparison of temperature scales blank.svg Comparison of temperature scales blank.svg
Rankine (°R)
Kelvin (K)
Fahrenheit (°F)
Celsius (°C)
Réaumur (°Ré)
Rømer (°Rø)
Newton (°N)
Delisle (°D)
Absolute zero Lowest recorded surface temperature on Earth[1] Fahrenheit's ice/water/salt mixture Melting point of ice (at standard pressure) Average surface temperature on Earth (15 °C) Average human body temperature (37 °C) Highest recorded surface temperature on Earth[2] Boiling point of water (at standard pressure)  

11. Conversion Table Between the Different Temperature Units

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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Conversion_of_units_of_temperature

References

  1. The Coldest Inhabited Places on Earth; researchers of the Vostok Station recorded the coldest known temperature on Earth on July 21st 1983: −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F). https://www.expertsure.com/2008/12/14/the-coldest-inhabited-places-on-earth/
  2. "World: Highest Temperature". November 12, 2007. Archived from the original on January 4, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130104143844/http://wmo.asu.edu/world-highest-temperature. "an Italian weather station in al 'Aziziyah (Libya) measured a temperature of 58 °C (136.4 °F) on September 13th 1922. "Although this record has gained general acceptance as the world's highest temperature recorded under standard conditions, the validity of the extreme has been questioned."" 
  3. "Comparison of temperature scales". http://www.tampile.com/scales.php. 
  4. "Temperature of a Healthy Human (Body Temperature)". Hypertextbook.com. https://hypertextbook.com/facts/1997/LenaWong.shtml. Retrieved 2018-06-07. 
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