Questioning techniques are methods used to formulate, present, and sequence questions to elicit information, assess understanding, stimulate discussion, and promote learning. In educational settings, these techniques include the use of open-ended and closed questions, probing and follow-up questions, Socratic questioning, prompting, and appropriate wait time [1][2][3]. Their selection depends on instructional objectives, learners’ prior knowledge, and the level of cognitive engagement sought. Effective questioning can encourage learners to explain their reasoning, examine assumptions, compare perspectives, and evaluate evidence, thereby supporting critical thinking and deeper understanding [1][2][4]. Questioning techniques are also used to identify misconceptions and guide subsequent teaching and learning activities.
- questioning techniques
- classroom questioning
- Socratic questioning
- critical thinking
- instructional strategies
- student engagement
References
- Toyin Tofade; Jamie Elsner; Stuart T. Haines; Best Practice Strategies for Effective Use of Questions as a Teaching Tool. Am. J. Pharm. Educ. 2013, 77, 155, 10.5688/ajpe777155.
- Kimberly Alexander; Charles H. Gonzalez; Paul J. Vermette; Sabrina Di Marco; Questions in secondary classrooms: Toward a theory of questioning. Theory Res. Educ. 2021, 20, 5-25, 10.1177/14778785211043020.
- Joan Buchanan Hill; Questioning Techniques: A Study of Instructional Practice. Peabody J. Educ. 2016, 91, 660-671, 10.1080/0161956x.2016.1227190.
- Christine Chin; Teacher questioning in science classrooms: Approaches that stimulate productive thinking. J. Res. Sci. Teach. 2007, 44, 815-843, 10.1002/tea.20171.