Food labeling refers to the written, printed, or graphic information displayed on, attached to, or accompanying a food product to communicate its identity, composition, characteristics, and conditions of use to consumers ^[1][2]. It includes information such as product name, ingredients, allergens, net quantity, nutritional content, date marking, country of origin, storage requirements, and preparation instructions, as well as voluntary nutrition, health, quality, and sustainability claims ^[1][2]. Food labeling serves several functions: supporting informed purchasing and dietary decisions, communicating food safety risks, enabling product identification and traceability, and protecting consumers against misleading representations ^[1][3]. In public health, nutrition labeling, particularly front-of-pack systems, is used to help consumers interpret nutritional information and compare products. Its effectiveness depends on accuracy, legibility, comprehensibility, and consumers’ ability to understand and use the information provided.