Controlled vocabulary systems are organized sets of standardized terms used to represent concepts consistently and facilitate information indexing, retrieval, and exchange across biomedical databases and knowledge resources ^[1][2]. They establish predefined relationships among terms, including equivalence, hierarchical, and associative relationships, to manage synonyms, distinguish related concepts, and reduce ambiguity in scientific terminology ^[1][3]. In biomedical text mining and ontology-based applications, controlled vocabularies support the normalization of terms extracted from scientific literature and their mapping to standardized concepts, enabling consistent annotation, semantic integration, and computational analysis of biomedical information ^[2][3]. Their structures may range from simple term lists and classification schemes to complex terminological systems and formal ontologies.