Aerobic fermentation is fermentative metabolism that occurs while oxygen is available to the cells. In Crabtree-positive yeasts, sugar consumption can generate ethanol even under oxygen-rich conditions, producing a physiological state in which fermentation and respiration coexist [1]. Carbon flow is distributed between these routes through the organization of the metabolic network and constraints on cellular resources. Compartment-specific limits on mitochondrial capacity and cytosolic protein allocation can contribute to the onset of overflow metabolism [2]. Reorganization of pyruvate metabolism and global transcriptional control can alter this respiro-fermentative state [3]. Increased glycolytic gene expression and glucose uptake can promote fermentative overflow despite continued oxygen availability. The defining biochemical feature is therefore the formation of fermentation products under aerobic conditions, with respiratory and fermentative reactions carrying parallel portions of the carbon flux [4][5].
- aerobic fermentation
- Crabtree effect
- ethanol
- carbon flux
References
- Elżbieta Rozpędowska; Linda Hellborg; Olena P. Ishchuk; Furkan Orhan; Silvia Galafassi; Annamaria Merico; Megan Woolfit; Concetta Compagno; Jure Piškur; Parallel evolution of the make–accumulate–consume strategy in Saccharomyces and Dekkera yeasts. Nat. Commun. 2011, 2, 302, 10.1038/ncomms1305.
- Ibrahim E. Elsemman; Angelica Rodriguez Prado; Pranas Grigaitis; Manuel Garcia Albornoz; Victoria Harman; Stephen W. Holman; Johan van Heerden; Frank J. Bruggeman; Mark M. M. Bisschops; Nikolaus Sonnenschein; et al. Whole-cell modeling in yeast predicts compartment-specific proteome constraints that drive metabolic strategies. Nat. Commun. 2022, 13, 1-12, 10.1038/s41467-022-28467-6.
- Zongjie Dai; Mingtao Huang; Yun Chen; Verena Siewers; Jens Nielsen; Global rewiring of cellular metabolism renders Saccharomyces cerevisiae Crabtree negative. Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 1-8, 10.1038/s41467-018-05409-9.
- Özge Ata; Corinna Rebnegger; Nadine E. Tatto; Minoska Valli; Teresa Mairinger; Stephan Hann; Matthias G. Steiger; Pınar Çalık; Diethard Mattanovich; A single Gal4-like transcription factor activates the Crabtree effect in Komagataella phaffii. Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 1-10, 10.1038/s41467-018-07430-4.
- Kazuyuki Shimizu; Yu Matsuoka; Regulation of glycolytic flux and overflow metabolism depending on the source of energy generation for energy demand. Biotechnol. Adv. 2019, 37, 284-305, 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.12.007.