Transcriptional repressors are regulatory proteins that reduce transcription of target genes through interactions with DNA or transcription-associated components. In eukaryotes, repressor-associated histone deacetylase complexes can alter chromatin and restrict transcriptional activity [1][2]. In bacterial metal-responsive systems, repressor dimers bind operator sequences, and direct binding of a metal ion can allosterically reduce their affinity for DNA [3]. Repressors also participate in carbon catabolite regulation, restricting expression of pathways for secondary substrates when preferred nutrients are available [4]. In eukaryotic gene regulation, repressor-associated control can act through chromatin organization, recruitment of transcription machinery, or progression of the transcription cycle. Changes in these regulatory interactions can permit stimulus-responsive transcription at particular genes [5].
- transcriptional repression
- operator binding
- corepressors
- allosteric regulation
Gene Regulatory Network Analysis·Molecular Biology·Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology·Life Sciences
References
- Nicola Reynolds; Aoife O'SHaughnessy; Brian Hendrich; Transcriptional Repressors: Multifaceted Regulators of Gene Expression. Development 2013, 140, 505-512, 10.1242/dev.083105.
- Xiang-Jiao Yang; Edward Seto; The Rpd3/Hda1 Family of Lysine Deacetylases: from Bacteria and Yeast to Mice and Men. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2008, 9, 206-218, 10.1038/nrm2346.
- Laura S. Busenlehner; Mario A. Pennella; David P. Giedroc; The SmtB/ArsR Family of Metalloregulatory Transcriptional Repressors: Structural Insights into Prokaryotic Metal Resistance. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 2003, 27, 131-143, 10.1016/s0168-6445(03)00054-8.
- Boris Görke; Jörg Stülke; Carbon Catabolite Repression in Bacteria: Many Ways to Make the Most out of Nutrients. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2008, 6, 613-624, 10.1038/nrmicro1932.
- Vikki M. Weake; Jerry L. Workman; Inducible Gene Expression: Diverse Regulatory Mechanisms. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2010, 11, 426-437, 10.1038/nrg2781.