Biohybrid nanoparticles are nanoscale composite materials in which an engineered, nonliving nanoparticle component—such as a polymeric, lipidic, inorganic, or organic–inorganic core—is deliberately integrated with a biologically derived constituent to form a single functional nanostructure. The biological component may consist of whole-cell membranes, membrane fragments, extracellular vesicles, proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, or other biomacromolecular assemblies; it is associated with the synthetic component through coating, adsorption, covalent conjugation, self-assembly, or membrane fusion ^[1][2][3]. In nanoparticle-based drug-delivery and biomaterials contexts, the defining feature is the intentional combination of the physicochemical properties of an artificial nanoscale scaffold with the molecular composition or interfacial identity of a biological material ^[1][2]. Biohybrid nanoparticles are therefore distinct from purely synthetic nanoparticles that acquire an incidental biomolecular corona after exposure to biological fluids, and from wholly biological nanovesicles lacking an engineered nanoparticle constituent ^[2][3]. Cell membrane-coated nanoparticles constitute a prominent subclass, characterized by a synthetic core enclosed within a membrane-derived shell that retains aspects of the source membrane’s lipid and protein composition ^[1][3].