Aerial photogrammetry is the branch of photogrammetry that extracts precise three-dimensional geometric measurements and spatial data about physical objects and terrain from overlapping photographs captured by airborne sensors ^[1][2]. Operating as both a core methodology and a specialized discipline within remote sensing, it relies on mathematical principles of central perspective projection and stereoscopic vision to determine the metric coordinates of target surfaces ^[3]. The defining characteristic of aerial photogrammetry is its reliance on stereoscopic coverage, where consecutive overlapping images—traditionally acquired via calibrated aerial cameras on aircraft or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)—allow for the reconstruction of three-dimensional geometry ^[1][3]. While closely related to general aerial remote sensing, photogrammetry specifically prioritizes precise geometric restoration, spatial orientation, and topographic measurement over spectral analysis. Raw image pairs are processed through bundle block adjustments and sensor calibration into standardized spatial deliverables, including orthophotos, digital surface models (DSMs), and vector cartography ^[1][3].