Massification of education refers to the historical and policy-driven process through which education systems expand from serving limited social groups to enrolling increasingly large proportions of the population, especially at secondary and tertiary levels ^[1][2][3]. It involves rapid growth in participation, institutional capacity, and credential attainment, often supported by state policy, public financing, and diversification of educational providers ^[1][2]. Massification is characterized by widened access and social inclusion alongside structural challenges such as resource pressure, stratification across institutions, and concerns about quality, equity, and graduate outcomes. In educational analysis, the term denotes system-level expansion in scale and participation, distinct from universalization as a normative goal and from simple enrollment growth without broader structural transformation ^[1][2][3].