Brownfields refer to sites that have been previously utilized or developed and are currently abandoned, idle, or inadequately used. In addition to their potential for rehabilitation, brownfields offer cultural and historical importance. Hence, moreover physical preservation, the building’s authenticity should be preserved by assigning suitable functions. In other words, intangible aspects such as social activities, collective memories, and meanings should be considered alongside tangible heritage to define the site’s unique identity and strengthen the sense of belonging.
Study No. | Authors | Year | Location | Data Collection Method | Variable/Criteria/Index | Data Analysis Method | Findings |
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1 | K’oyoo et al. [83] | 2022 | Kenya | Questionnaire survey; interview with key informants. |
Public perception of effects of the post-mine brownfields on the environment; public perception on dumping of waste; public perception on air pollution; public perception on possible contamination. |
Descriptive statistics including percentages; qualitative data analysis (thematic analysis). |
Brownfields experienced waterlogging and illegal dumping, causing health risks in adjacent residential areas. Each brownfield possesses distinctive spatial features that have led to negative impacts on the neighboring environment. |
2 | Martinat et al. [57] | 2018 | Czech Rep. | Questionnaire survey. | Satisfaction with the aesthetic and functional state of present regeneration; possibilities for the reuse of present brownfield. |
Nonparametric Wilcoxon and Friedman test; multivariate statistical techniques including PCA, RDA. |
The predominant choices for reuse were culture/sport and children’s park. Gender significantly predicted reuse options. |
3 | Mathey et al. [84] | 2018 | Germany | Questionnaire survey; photomontages. |
Perception of urban brownfields; use of brownfields; preferred uses and design of urban brownfields. |
Descriptive statistics; cross-correlations. |
Locals possess specific opinions on brownfield utilization or development, with a desire to participate in the transformation process. |
4 | Navratil et al. [27] | 2018 | Czech Rep. | Questionnaire survey. | The perception of the given regenerated brownfield; general perceptions of brownfield regenerations; regenerated brownfields as a tourism “destination”; satisfaction with heritage preservation. |
Nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis and Friedman test; multivariate statistical techniques including RDA. |
The awareness of brownfield regeneration is low. The conditions and technical status of brownfields significantly influence respondents’ views on regeneration choices. The visitors’ response to the leisure time reuse of brownfields is favorable. Concern for cultural heritage in society can accelerate regeneration. |
5 | Navratil et al. [55] | 2018 | Czech Rep. | Questionnaire survey | Reuse of brownfields; brownfields location within city; spatial factors influencing attitudes of residents towards brownfields. Regeneration; involvement with brownfield regeneration. |
Two-factorial ANOVA. | Citizens’ perceptions of brownfield regeneration options depend on (1) the extent of brownfields in a city, (2) brownfield location within a city’s borders, (3) place of residence, and (4) type of regeneration. |
6 | Kim and Miller. [59] | 2017 | Virginia, the United States | Questionnaire survey; visual preference survey (VPS). |
Six landscape-based types to classify brownfields; the effect of preconception; the effect of health concern. |
Descriptive statistics including mean rating and frequency analysis, analysis of variance (MANOVA and ANOVA). |
Preserved historical buildings and landscapes were prioritized for redevelopment, while sites containing industrial remnants received lower priority. Respondents associated these types with harmful pollutants that may affect human health. |
7 | Loures et al. [13] | 2016 | Portugal | Questionnaire survey. | The importance of planning and design dimensions to landscape transformation; the actual condition of the municipal landscape; main responsibility for post-industrial land transformation; uses/functions that should be implemented in the redevelopment. |
Descriptive statistics. | Brownfield regeneration projects are well received by the community. The most popular options are multifunctional and leisure green spaces. |
8 | Martinat et al. [6] | 2016 | Czech Rep. | Questionnaire survey. | Options for reusing post-mining brownfields; the urgency of regeneration of local brownfields; financial sources for brownfield regeneration projects. |
Descriptive statistics. | Public awareness of brownfields is limited. Brownfields in remote areas offer chances for new industries to create jobs in a city struggling with unemployment. |
9 | Rink and Arndt [85] | 2016 | Germany | Questionnaire survey; photomontages. |
Perception of successional brownfields; perception of afforestation sites; perception of threats (natural, social and contamination); perception of usability. |
Descriptive statistics. | Residents viewed park-related green structures and traditionally designed urban nature areas positively. Afforestation on brownfields was more accepted than natural succession. Afforestation was considered less threatening than successional scenarios. The usability of forestry scenarios was markedly superior to that of succession scenarios. |
10 | Kunc et al. [86] | 2014 | Czech Rep. | Questionnaire survey. | Awareness, urgency and rate of apprehension of pollution about brownfields; evaluation of brownfield regeneration policy in two cities; the most problematic locality and best practice for the regeneration project of two cities; future utilization. |
Descriptive statistics including percentages. | The term “brownfield” was not widely known. The most popular options for reuse were housing and greenery. An open and responsive urban policy is crucial for brownfield regeneration, increasing local satisfaction. |
This entry is adapted from the peer-reviewed paper 10.3390/heritage6050235