Transportation is an important foundation for the development of the national economy. At present, China’s freight transportation market is overly dependent on roads, and the proportion of railways is still low, accounting for only 9.6% in 2020. It is necessary to adjust the structure of freight transportation. Gradually changing from road-based freight transportation to railway-based freight transportation relying on container transportation will effectively reduce carbon emissions and further improve the sustainable development of transportation.

At the present stage, the organization mode of existing railway container transportation in China mainly consists of the point-to-point direct type and sub-node aggregation type. The point-to-point direct train is a direct train between two container stations without stopping in the middle, which can reduce the transportation time of container flow and improve customer satisfaction. The sub-node assembly type is to divide the container stations into different levels. The goods are first transported to the node station, and the short-circuit train transports the goods from the node station to the hub station. Containers marshalled at the hub are transported to other hubs by long-distance container trains. However, the reorganization operation is carried out in the middle, which prolongs the time of cargo transportation. Neither of these two container transportation modes has obvious advantages in cargo transportation. The existing container transportation mode cannot meet the requirements of sustainable development.

Railway container transportation has the characteristics of a single organization object, convenient organization method, centralized operation site, and stable system structure, and has certain similarities with passenger transportation. Therefore, we can learn from the organizational principle of passenger transportation to form a new container transportation train. The passenger-like container trains are grouped in a fixed manner and do not undergo disassembly operations. The operation mode of fast loading and unloading of goods on the arrival and departure lines is adopted. The container stations passing by on the way can be stopped and loaded and unloaded. Containers are like passengers waiting on the platform, getting on and off, and the container can also get off the train like a passenger and wait for another train at the platform and transfer.

In the passenger-like container transportation system, the delivery speed of goods has been improved, which can attract a large number of suitable cargo sources to be transferred to railway container transportation and enhance its market competitiveness. At the same time, the state and railway departments vigorously promote the “roads to railways” and “bulk to containerized”. The research on railway container transportation systems can effectively promote the sustainable development of railway freight transportation, which can not only promote the adjustment of railway transportation structure, but also effectively reduce carbon emissions and protect the environment.

2.现有相关研究

2.Existing Relevant Research

吴某提出了客类集装箱运输的发展方向，并在基本条件下对改善客舱集装箱运输提出了一些建议。在此基础上，吴某和高更详细地比较了客式运输和集装箱运输，并得出结论认为，采取客舱式集装箱运输方式可以提高运输的安全性和时效性，可以使运输服务更加全面和多样化，并提出了改善基本条件和技术条件的思路。Wu put forward the development direction of passenger-like container transportation, and gave some suggestions to improve the passenger-like container transportation in terms of basic conditions. On this basis, Wu and Gao compared passenger-like transport and container transport in more detail, and conclude that taking passenger-like container transportation mode can improve the safety and timeliness of transport, can make transport services more comprehensive and diverse, and put forward the idea of improving the basic conditions and technical conditions. Wei and others analyze the current situation of domestic and foreign transportation organization system, put forward the shortcomings of China's railroad freight transportation, and introduce various aspects of passenger-like container transportation system, including transportation system network, transportation equipment front, train grouping fixed, fast transportation time and container passenger ticketing. Xia, Wei等人分析了国内外运输组织体系的现状，提出了我国铁路货运的不足，并介绍了客舱式集装箱运输系统的各个方面，包括运输系统网络、运输设备前沿、列车分组固定、运输时间快和集装箱客票等。夏、薇等人对客舱运输系统进行了更详细、更多方面的研究。首先，他们定义了类客集装箱运输系统的概念，并在对客货运输组织与国外运输组织模式的比较分析的基础上，提出了快速装卸客式集装箱运输模式，并重点介绍了相关技术和快速集装箱列车运营方案。宋等人在客舱运输方式的基础上，构建了客舱式集装箱列车运行方案。该优化模型考虑了空货和重货箱的运输需求，以运输企业的最大总收入为目标函数，约束包括停货、重新装货、交货截止等。确定了列车线路，列车数量，停靠计划和集装箱的运输情况。 and others have conducted more detailed and multifaceted research on the passenger-like container transportation system. Firstly, they defined the concept of passenger-like container transportation system, and on the basis of the comparative analysis of passenger and freight transportation organization and foreign transportation organization mode, they proposed the fast loading and unloading passenger-like container transportation mode, and focused on the related technology and fast container train operation scheme. Song and others constructed the passenger-like container train running plan on the basis of passenger-like container transportation mode. The optimization model taking into account the transportation needs of empty and heavy containers, taking the maximum total revenue of the transportation enterprise as the objective function, and the constraints included stopping, reloading, and delivery deadlines, etc. The train line, the number of trains, the stop plan, and the transportation situation of the container were determined. 

类客运集装箱列车是固定编组和固定底部。它不会拆卸，编组站在操作过程中运行。它有一个明确的出发点和终点站。不同的列车会根据运输集装箱的不同终点站选择不同的停靠方式。在停靠站，采用进港、出港线快速装卸方式，集装箱可以像乘客一样在站台上等候列车，进行装卸、重装作业。The passenger-like container train is a fixed marshalling and fixed bottom. It does not dismantle and the marshalling station operates during the operation process. It has a definite departure and final station. Different trains will choose different stopping methods according to the different terminal stations of the transported containers. At the stopping stations, the fast loading and unloading mode of the arrival and departure line is adopted, and the containers can wait for the train at the platform like passengers and carry out loading, unloading, and reloading operations.