Chitosan (CS) is a hemi-synthetic cationic linear polysaccharide produced by the

deacetylation of chitin. CS is non-toxic, highly biocompatible, and biodegradable, and it has a

low immunogenicity. Additionally, CS has inherent antibacterial properties and a mucoadhesive

character and can disrupt epithelial tight junctions, thus acting as a permeability enhancer. As such,

CS and its derivatives are well-suited for the challenging field of ocular drug delivery. In the present

review article, we will discuss the properties of CS that contribute to its successful application in

ocular delivery before reviewing the latest advances in the use of CS for the development of novel

ophthalmic delivery systems. Colloidal nanocarriers (nanoparticles, micelles, liposomes) will be

presented, followed by CS gels and lenses and ocular inserts. Finally, instances of CS coatings,

aiming at conferring mucoadhesiveness to other matrixes, will be presented.