Hess et al., 2017 |
1 |
11-year-old/Male/USA |
T-cell ALL |
fever, malaise, and weight loss |
CT scan: mediastinal adenopathy. Bone marrow: pancytopenia, noncaseating granulomas. Urine and serum histoplasma antigen was positive. Histology of bone marrow aspirate was in keeping with DH |
AmB therapy. Histoplasma antigen in urine and serum was undetected after 3 months of therapy. |
R |
[ |
Tu et al., 1991 |
2 |
19 |
3-year-old/Male/USA |
] |
hyper-lgM syndrome |
fever, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis of the gingiva, abdominal pain, fatigue, and irritability. |
Disseminated histoplasmosis was diagnosed by bone marrow biopsy and culture of esophageal biopsy |
Amphotericin B therapy |
* Colombia |
73 |
69 |
4 |
25 |
- |
Leu/Can (5), OT (2), TNFi (1), EE (9), Mal (10) |
ketoconazole 10 mg/kg/day, with immunoglobulin therapy |
42 |
[ | 6 | , | 7 | , | 31 | , | 32,33,34] | [3][ |
R |
4 | ] | [ | 20 | ] | [ | 21 | ] | [22][23] |
* Costa Rica |
84 |
84 |
- |
- |
- |
EE (44), TD (20), HIg (10) |
10 |
Hess et al., 2017 |
4 |
14-Year-old/Male/USA |
[ | 35 |
Desmoplastic small round cell tumor of the abdomen |
, |
Persistent fever and neutropenia |
36 |
Chest CT demonstrated a solitary calcified lung nodule. Histoplasma serology became positive with increasing titers of histoplasmosis yeast by complement fixation from 1:16 to 1:32. Diagnosis was pulmonary histoplasmosis |
] | [ | 24 | ] | [ | 25 | ] |
Itraconazole, Posaconazole and AmB were used for therapy |
NR |
Ecuador |
38 |
14 |
24 |
Tschudy et al., 2010 |
5 |
8-year-old/Male/USA |
37 |
- |
Crohn Disease/Infliximab therapy |
fevers, cough, anorexia, and night sweats. |
Urine histoplasma antigen test: positive. Fungal culture grew |
HIg (1) |
Histoplasma capsulatum |
13 |
from lymph node biopsy. Histoplasmosis antibodies to both yeast and mycelia returned elevated (1:1024 yeast and 1:16 mycelia). |
Itraconazole (6 mg/kg/day, divided twice per day) |
R |
[ | 37 | , | [ | 38 | , | 26 | 39 | ] | ][27][28] |
Jamaica |
1 |
- |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
- |
[40] | [29] |
Zerbe et al., 2005 |
6 |
3 years and 8 months/Male/USA |
Interferon-g Receptor 1 Deficiency |
Recurrent fever, hepatosplenomegaly, left cervical adenopathy |
Bronchoscopic washings, a sputum specimen, and a bone marrow aspirate all grew | H. capsulatum | . Genetic studies showed 818del4 deletion in IFNGR1, which leads to autosomal dominant IFN-gamma receptor deficiency |
Subcutaneous treatment with IFN-gamma (50 µg/m | 2 | ) was given 3 times/week. Oral ketoconazole therapy |
R |
* Mexico |
89 |
85 |
4 |
15 |
- |
AIC (3) |
82 |
[41,42,43,44] | [30][31][32 |
Hess et al., 2017 |
7 |
6-year-old/Male/USA |
] |
B-Cell ALL |
[ | 33 | ] |
nonspecific fever |
Blood culture was positive for | Histoplasma capsulatum | . Chest CT: right hilar adenopathy. Antigenuria and antigenemia were confirmed. Diagnosis was DH |
AmB for 14 days followed by itraconazole. |
R |
Trinidad |
1 |
- |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
- |
Hess et al., 2017 |
8 |
8-year-old/Male/USA |
[ | 45 | ] | [ | 34 | ] |
Stage II abdominal Burkitt lymphoma |
Fever and neutropenia |
Histoplasma serology was positive. Diagnosis was pulmonary histoplasmosis. |
Itraconazole therapy |
R |
* USA |
944 |
940 |
4 |
296 |
- |
LD (5), Mal (1), EE (163), OT (6), HIg (3), Leu/Can (198), Pan (22), IRD (1), TNFi (6), AIC (8), HLH (3), Steroids (2), TD (1) |
521 |
[17,21,22,25,26,27,28,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53, |
Ferguson-Pau et al., 2018 |
9 |
18-year-old/ Female/ USA |
54 | , | 55 | , | 56 | , | 57 | , | 58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88 |
Kidney transplant |
, | 89 | , | 90 | , | 91 | , | 92 | ,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107 |
Fever, chest pain, weight loss, malaise, headache, and myalgias post-renal transplant |
, | 108 | , | 109 | , | 110 | , | 111 | ,112,113,114,115,116] | [6][10][11][14][15][16][17][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][ |
Urine histoplasma antigen was positive at 10.69 ng/mL |
74 | ] | [ | 75 | ] | [ | 76 | ] | [77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103 |
Itraconazole therapy |
] | [ | 104 | ] | [ | 105 | ] |
R |
Total |
1231 |
1192 |
39 |
376 |
- |
525 |
668 |
|
Ferguson-Pau et al., 2018 |
10 |
16-year- old/Female/USA |
Kidney transplant |
Fever, vomiting, diarrhea and weight loss. |
Pericardial fluid and bronchoalveolar lavage were histoplasma antigen-positive. Both serum and urine histoplasma antigens were positive above the upper limit of quantification. |
Amb initially and Itraconazole thereafter |
SOUTH AMERICA |
LTF |
* Argentina |
50 |
50 |
- |
11 |
- |
EE (1) |
49 |
[117,118,119] | [106][107][108] |
* Brazil |
27 |
26 |
1 |
5 |
- |
EE (5), Leu/Can (2), OT (1), SLE/Steroids (1), DM (1) |
16 |
[120,121,122,123,124,125,126,127,128] | [109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117] |
Guyana |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
- |
OT |
- |
[129] | [118] |
* Venezuela |
57 |
57 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
57 |
[130] | [119] |
Total |
135 |
134 |
1 |
16 |
- |
12 |
122 |
|
# EUROPE |
Germany |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
1 |
[18] | [7] |
Portugal |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
1 |
- |
1 |
[19] | [8] |
Spain |
2 |
2 |
- |
- |
- |
Pan (2) |
- |
[20] | [9] |
Total |
4 |
4 |
- |
- |
1 |
2 |
2 |
|
AFRICA |
Burkinafaso |
3 |
3 |
- |
- |
3 |
- |
3 |
[131,132] | [120][121] |
Cameroon |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
1 |
- |
1 |
[133] | [122] |
CAR |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
1 |
- |
1 |
[134] | [123] |
Chad |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
1 |
- |
1 |
[135] | [124] |
Congo |
26 |
26 |
- |
- |
26 |
- |
26 |
[136,137,138,139,140,141,142,143,144,145] | [125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134] |
Cote d′voire |
4 |
3 |
1 |
- |
4 |
- |
3 |
[146,147,148] | [135][136][137] |
Gambia |
3 |
3 |
- |
- |
3 |
- |
3 |
[149] | [138] |
Guinea-Bissau |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
1 |
- |
1 |
[150] | [139] |
Kenya |
2 |
2 |
- |
2 |
- |
- |
2 |
[151] | [140] |
Mali |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
- |
EE |
- |
[152] | [141] |
Nigeria |
13 |
13 |
- |
2 |
7 |
Leu/Can (2), Mal (1), OT (1) |
9 |
[153,154,155, | [144] | 156, | [145] | 157, | [146] | 158, | [147] | 159,160,161] | [142][143][148][149][150] |
South Africa |
5 |
5 |
- |
2 |
- |
EE (1) |
4 |
[23,162,163,164,165] | [12][151][152][153][154] |
Tanzania |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
1 |
[166] | [155] |
Togo |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
1 |
- |
1 |
[167] | [156] |
Uganda |
1 |
1 |
- |
1 |
- |
MC |
- |
[168] | [157] |
Zaire |
1 |
1 |
- |
1 |
- |
- |
1 |
[169] | [158] |
Total |
65 |
64 |
1 |
8 |
48 |
7 |
57 |
|
ASIA |
China |
9 |
8 |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
8 |
[170,171,172] | [159][160][161] |
Georgia |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
1 |
[173] | [162] |
India |
5 |
5 |
- |
4 |
- |
Pan (1) |
4 |
[24, | [ | 174,175, | 13 | 176,177] | ][163][164][165][166] |
Israel |
1 |
1 |
- |
1 |
- |
LD |
- |
[178] | [167] |
Malaysia |
7 |
7 |
- |
1 |
- |
Pan (1) |
6 |
[179,180] | [168][169] |
Pakistan |
1 |
1 |
- |
1 |
- |
- |
1 |
[181] | [170] |
Thailand |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
- |
OT |
- |
[182] | [171] |
Turkey |
1 |
1 |
- |
1 |
- |
HIg |
- |
[183] | [172] |
Total |
26 |
25 |
1 |
9 |
- |
5 |
20 |
|
Grand total |
1461 |
1419 |
42 |
409 |
49 |
551 |
869 |
|