References

1. Nir, Y.; Tononi, G. Dreaming and the brain: From phenomenology to neurophysiology. Trends Cogn. Sci. 2010, 14, 88–100.
2. Takeuchi, T.; Ogilvie, R.D.; Murphy, T.I.; Ferrelli, A. V EEG activities during elicited sleep onset REM and NREM periods reflect different mechanisms of dream generation. Clin. Neurophysiol. 2003, 114, 210–220.
3. Esposito, M.J.; Nielsen, T.A.; Paquette, T. Reduced Alpha power associated with the recall of mentation from Stage 2 and Stage REM sleep. Psychophysiology 2004, 41, 288–297.
4. Chellappa, S.L.; Frey, S.; Knoblauch, V.; Cajochen, C. Cortical activation patterns herald successful dream recall after NREM and REM sleep. Biol. Psychol. 2011, 87, 251–256.
5. Marzano, C.; Ferrara, M.; Mauro, F.; Moroni, F.; Gorgoni, M.; Tempesta, D.; Cipolli, C.; de Gennaro, L. Recalling and forgetting dreams: Theta and Alpha Oscillations During Sleep Predict Subsequent Dream Recall. J. Neurosci. 2011, 31, 6674–6683.
6. De Gennaro, L.; Cipolli, C.; Cherubini, A.; Assogna, F.; Cacciari, C.; Marzano, C.; Curcio, G.; Ferrara, M.; Caltagirone, C.; Spalletta, G. Amygdala and hippocampus volumetry and diffusivity in relation to dreaming. Hum. Brain Mapp. 2011, 32, 1458–1470.
7. Eichenlaub, J.B.; Bertrand, O.; Morlet, D.; Ruby, P. Brain reactivity differentiates subjects with high and low dream recall frequencies during both sleep and wakefulness. Cereb. Cortex 2014, 24, 1206–1215.
8. Scarpelli, S.; Marzano, C.; D’Atri, A.; Gorgoni, M.; Ferrara, M.; De Gennaro, L. State- or trait-like individual differences in dream recall: Preliminary findings from a within-subjects study of multiple nap REM sleep awakenings. Front. Psychol. 2015, 6, 928.
9. Scarpelli, S.; D’Atri, A.; Mangiaruga, A.; Marzano, C.; Gorgoni, M.; Schiappa, C.; Ferrara, M.; De Gennaro, L. Predicting Dream Recall: EEG Activation During NREM Sleep or Shared Mechanisms with Wakefulness? Brain Topogr. 2017, 30.
10. Scarpelli, S.; D’Atri, A.; Bartolacci, C.; Mangiaruga, A.; Gorgoni, M.; De Gennaro, L. Oscillatory EEG Activity During REM Sleep in Elderly People Predicts Subsequent Dream Recall After Awakenings. Front. Neurol. 2019, 10, 1–10.
11. Zhang, J.; Wamsley, E.J. EEG predictors of dreaming outside of REM sleep. Psychophysiology 2019, 56, e13368.
12. Scarpelli, S.; Bartolacci, C.; D’Atri, A.; Camaioni, M.; Annarumma, L.; Gorgoni, M.; Cloos, C.; Ferrara, M.; De Gennaro, L. Electrophysiological Correlates of Dream Recall During REM Sleep: Evidence from Multiple Awakenings and Within-Subjects Design. Nat. Sci. Sleep 2020, 12, 1043–1052.
13. Siclari, F.; Baird, B.; Perogamvros, L.; Bernardi, G.; LaRocque, J.J.; Riedner, B.; Boly, M.; Postle, B.R.; Tononi, G. The neural correlates of dreaming. Nat. Neurosci. 2017, 20, 872–878.
14. Siclari, F.; Bernardi, G.; Cataldi, J.; Tononi, G. Dreaming in NREM sleep: A high-density EEG study of slow waves and spindles. J. Neurosci. 2018, 38, 9175–9185.
15. De Gennaro, L.; Lanteri, O.; Piras, F.; Scarpelli, S.; Assogna, F.; Ferrara, M.; Caltagirone, C.; Spalletta, G. Dopaminergic system and dream recall: An MRI study in Parkinson’s disease patients. Hum. Brain Mapp. 2016, 37, 1136–1147.
16. D’Atri, A.; Scarpelli, S.; Schiappa, C.; Pizza, F.; Vandi, S.; Ferrara, M.; Cipolli, C.; Plazzi, G.; De Gennaro, L. Cortical activation during sleep predicts dream experience in narcolepsy. Ann. Clin. Transl. Neurol. 2019, 6.
17. Chellappa, S.L.; Münch, M.; Knoblauch, V.; Cajochen, C. Age effects on spectral electroencephalogram activity prior to dream recall. J. Sleep Res. 2012, 21, 247–256.
18. Scarpelli, S.; D’Atri, A.; Bartolacci, C.; Gorgoni, M.; Mangiaruga, A.; Ferrara, M.; De Gennaro, L. Dream recall upon awakening from non-rapid eye movement sleep in older adults: Electrophysiological pattern and qualitative features. Brain Sci. 2020, 10, 343.
19. Solms, M. Dreaming and REM sleep are controlled by different brain mechanisms. Behav. Brain Sci. 2000, 23, 843–850.
20. De Gennaro, L.; Marzano, C.; Cipolli, C.; Ferrara, M. How we remember the stuff that dreams are made of: Neurobiological approaches to the brain mechanisms of dream recall. Behav. Brain Res. 2012, 226, 592–596.
21. Schwartz, S.; Maquet, P. Sleep imaging and the neuro- psychological assessment of dreams. Trends Cogn. Sci. 2002, 6, 6.
22. Revonsuo, A.; Tuominen, J.; Valli, K. The Simulation Theories of Dreaming: How to Make Theoretical Progress in Dream Science; Open MIND: Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 2015.
23. Scarpelli, S.; Bartolacci, C.; D’Atri, A.; Gorgoni, M.; De Gennaro, L. The functional role of dreaming in emotional processes. Front. Psychol. 2019, 10, 459.
24. Barrett, D. The Committee of Sleep: A Study of Dream Incubation for Problem Solving. Dreaming 1993, 3, 115.
25. Saredi, R.; Baylor, G.; Meier, B. Current concerns and REM-dreams: A laboratory study of dream incubation. Dreaming 1997, 7, 195.
26. Voss, U.; Holzmann, R.; Hobson, A.; Paulus, W.; Koppehele-Gossel, J.; Klimke, A.; Nitsche, M.A. Induction of self awareness in dreams through frontal low current stimulation of gamma activity. Nat. Neurosci. 2014, 17, 810–812.
27. Bell, A.; Hall, C. The Personality of a Child Molester: An Analysis of Dreams; Transaction Publishers: New Jersey, NJ, USA, 1971.
28. Domhoff, G.W. The invasion of the concept snatchers: The origins, distortions, and future of the continuity hypothesis. Dreaming 2017, 27, 14.
29. Eichenlaub, J.; Van Rijn, E.; Gaskell, M. Incorporation of recent waking-life experiences in dreams correlates with frontal theta activity in REM sleep. Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci. 2018, 13, 637–647.
30. Eichenlaub, J.-B.; Cash, S.S.; Blagrove, M.; Eichenlaub, J.-B.; Cash, S.S.; Blagrove, M. Daily Life Experiences in Dreams and Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation. Springer 2017, 161–172.
31. van Rijn, E.; Eichenlaub, J.B.; Lewis, P.A.; Walker, M.P.; Gaskell, M.G.; Malinowski, J.E.; Blagrove, M. The dream-lag effect: Selective processing of personally significant events during Rapid Eye Movement sleep, but not during Slow Wave Sleep. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 2015, 122, 98–109.
32. Nielsen, T.; Stenstrom, P. What are the memory sources of dreaming? Nature 2005, 437, 1286–1289.
33. Nishida, M.; Pearsall, J.; Buckner, R.L.; Walker, M.P. REM sleep, prefrontal theta, and the consolidation of human emotional memory. Cereb. Cortex 2009, 19, 1158–1166.
34. Scarpelli, S.; Gorgoni, M.; D’Atri, A.; Ferrara, M.; De Gennaro, L. Structural and Functional Differences in Brain Mechanisms of Dream Recall. Handb. Behav. Neurosci. 2019, 30, 269–281.
35. Hsieh, L.; Ranganath, C. Frontal midline theta oscillations during working memory maintenance and episodic encoding and retrieval. Neuroimage 2014, 85, 721–729.
36. Klimesch, W.; Schack, B.; Sauseng, P. The functional significance of theta and upper alpha oscillations. Exp. Psychol. 2005, 52, 99–108.
37. Fell, J.; Fernández, G.; Lutz, M.; Kockelmann, E.; Burr, W. Rhinal–hippocampal connectivity determines memory formation during sleep. Brain 2006, 129, 108–114.
38. Scarpelli, S.; D’Atri, A.; Gorgoni, M.; Ferrara, M.; De Gennaro, L. EEG oscillations during sleep and dream recall: State-or trait-like individual differences? Front. Psychol. 2015, 6, 605.
39. Nielsen, T.A. A review of mentation in REM and NREM sleep: “Covert” REM sleep as a possible reconciliation of two opposing models. Behav. Brain Sci. 2000, 23, 851–866.
40. Braun, A.R.; Balkin, T.J.; Wesensten, N.J.; Carson, R.E.; Varga, M.; Baldwin, P.; Selbie, S.; Belenky, G.; Herscovitch, P. Regional cerebral blood flow throughout the sleep-wake cycle. An H215O PET study. Brain 1997, 120, 1173–1197.
41. Maquet, P.; Péters, J.; Aerts, J.; Delfiore, G.; Degueldre, C.; Luxen, A.; Franck, G. Functional neuroanatomy of human rapid-eye-movement sleep and dreaming. Nature 1996, 383, 163–166.
42. Nofzinger, E.A.; Mintun, M.A.; Wiseman, M.; Kupfer, D.J.; Moore, R.Y. Forebrain activation in REM sleep: An FDG PET study. Brain Res. 1997, 770, 192–201.
43. Desseilles, M.; Thanh Dang-Vu, T.; Sterpenich, V.; Schwartz, S. Cognitive and emotional processes during dreaming: A neuroimaging view. Conscious. Cogn. 2011, 20, 998–1008.
44. Lai, Y.; Siegel, J. Muscle atonia in REM sleep. In Rapid Eye Movement Sleep; Narosa Pub.: New Delhi, India, 1999; pp. 69–90.
45. De Carli, F.; Proserpio, P.; Morrone, E.; Sartori, I. Activation of the motor cortex during phasic rapid eye movement sleep. Ann. Neurol. 2016, 79, 326–330.
46. Maquet, P.; Laureys, S.; Peigneux, P.; Fuchs, S.; Petiau, C.; Phillips, C.; Aerts, J.; Del Fiore, G.; Degueldre, C.; Meulemans, T.; et al. Experience-dependent changes in changes in cerebral activation during human REM sleep. Nat. Neurosci. 2000, 3, 831–836.
47. Tournier, J.; Mori, S.; Leemans, A. Diffusion tensor imaging and beyond. Magn. Reson. Med. 2011, 65, 1532.
48. Perogamvros, L.; Schwartz, S. The roles of the reward system in sleep and dreaming. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2012, 36, 1934–1951.
49. Eichenlaub, J.B.; Nicolas, A.; Daltrozzo, J.; Redouté, J.; Costes, N.; Ruby, P. Resting brain activity varies with dream recall frequency between subjects. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014, 39, 1594–1602.
50. Vallat, R.; Lajnef, T.; Eichenlaub, J.B.; Berthomier, C.; Jerbi, K.; Morlet, D.; Ruby, P.M. Increased evoked potentials to arousing auditory stimuli during sleep: Implication for the understanding of dream recall. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 2017, 11, 1–12.
51. Vallat, R.; Eichenlaub, J.B.; Nicolas, A.; Ruby, P. Dream recall frequency is associated with medial prefrontal cortex white-matter density. Front. Psychol. 2018, 9, 1–5.
52. Blake, Y.; Terburg, D.; Balchin, R.; van Honk, J.; Solms, M. The role of the basolateral amygdala in dreaming. Cortex 2019, 113, 169–183.
53. Spanò, G.; Pizzamiglio, G.; Mccormick, C.; Clark, I.A.; Felice, S.D.; Miller, T.D.; Edgin, J.O.; Rosenthal, C.R.; Maguire, E.A. Dreaming with hippocampal damage. Elife 2020, 9, e56211.
54. Gusnard, D.; Raichle, M. Searching for a baseline: Functional imaging and the resting human brain. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2001, 2, 685–694.
55. Legrand, D.; Ruby, P. What Is Self-Specific? Theoretical Investigation and Critical Review of Neuroimaging Results. Psychol. Rev. 2009, 116, 252.
56. Fox, K.C.R.; Nijeboer, S.; Solomonova, E.; Domhoff, G.W.; Christoff, K. Dreaming as mind wandering: Evidence from functional neuroimaging and first-person content reports. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 2013, 7, 1–18.
57. Horikawa, T.; Tamaki, M.; Miyawaki, Y.; Kamitani, Y. Neural decoding of visual imagery during sleep. Science (80-) 2013, 340, 639–642.
58. Andrillon, T.; Nir, Y.; Cirelli, C.; Tononi, G.; Fried, I. Single-neuron activity and eye movements during human REM sleep and awake vision. Nat. Commun. 2015, 6, 1–10.
59. Leclair-Visonneau, L.; Oudiette, D.; Gaymard, B.; Leu-Semenescu, S.; Arnulf, I. Do the eyes scan dream images during rapid eye movement sleep? Evidence from the rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder model. Brain 2010, 133, 1737–1746.
60. LaBerge, S.; Baird, B.; Zimbardo, P.G. Smooth tracking of visual targets distinguishes lucid REM sleep dreaming and waking perception from imagination. Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 1–8.
61. Koulack, D.; Goodenough, D.R. Dream recall and dream recall failure: An arousal-retrieval model. Psychol. Bull. 1976, 83, 975–984.
62. Hobson, J.; McCarley, R. The brain as a dream state generator: An activation-synthesis hypothesis of the dream process. Am. J. Psychiatry 1977, 134, 1335–1348.
63. Antrobus, J. Dreaming: Cognitive Processes During Cortical Activation and High Afferent Thresholds. Psychol. Rev. 1991, 98, 96–121.
64. De Gennaro, L.; Marzano, C.; Moroni, F.; Curcio, G.; Ferrara, M.; Cipolli, C. Recovery sleep after sleep deprivation almost completely abolishes dream recall. Behav. Brain Res. 2010, 206, 293–298.
65. van Wyk, M.; Solms, M.; Lipinska, G. Increased Awakenings from Non-rapid Eye Movement Sleep Explain Differences in Dream Recall Frequency in Healthy Individuals. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 2019, 13, 1–9.
66. Monroe, L.J.; Rechtschaffen, A.; Foulkes, D.; Jensen, J. Discriminability of REM and NREM reports. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 1965, 2, 456–460.
67. Antrobus, J.; Kondo, T.; Reinsel, R.; Fein, G. Dreaming in the late morning: Summation of rem and diurnal cortical activation. Conscious. Cogn. 1995, 4, 275–299.
68. Wong, W.; Noreika, V.; Móró, L. The Dream Catcher experiment: Blinded analyses failed to detect markers of dreaming consciousness in EEG spectral power. Neurosci. Conscious. 2020, 1, niaa006.
69. Schredl, M. Dreams in patients with sleep disorders. Sleep Med. Rev. 2009, 13, 215–221.
70. Maes, J.; Verbraecken, J.; Willemen, M.; De Volder, I.; van Gastel, A.; Michiels, N.; Verbeek, I.; Vandekerckhove, M.; Wuyts, J.; Haex, B.; et al. Sleep misperception, EEG characteristics and Autonomic Nervous System activity in primary insomnia: A retrospective study on polysomnographic data. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 2014, 91, 163–171.
71. Krystal, A.D. Non-REM sleep EEG spectral analysis in insomnia. Psychiatr. Ann. 2008, 38, 615–620.
72. Dodet, P.; Chavez, M.; Leu-Semenescu, S.; Golmard, J.; Arnulf, I. Lucid dreaming in narcolepsy. Sleep 2015, 38, 487–497.
73. Dement, W.; Wolpert, E.A. The relation of eye movements, body motility, and external stimuli to dream content. J. Exp. Psychol. 1958, 55, 543.
74. Goodenough, D.R.; Witkin, H.A.; Koulack, D.; Cohen, H. The Effects of Stress Films on Dream Affect and on Respiration and Eye-Movement Activity During Rapid-Eye-Movement Sleep. Psychophysiology 1975, 12, 313–320.
75. Corsi-Cabrera, M.; Becker, J.; García, L.; Ibarra, R.; Morales, M.; Souza, M. Dream content after using visual inverting prisms. Percept. Mot. Skills 1986, 63, 415–423.
76. Rechtschaffen, A.; Foulkes, D. Effect of visual stimuli on dream content. Percept. Mot. Skills 1965, 20, 1149–1160.
77. Berger, R.J. Experimental Modification of Dream Content by Meaningful Verbal Stimuli. Br. J. Psychiatry 1963, 109, 722–740.
78. Hoelscher, T.J.; Klinger, E.; Barta, S.G. Incorporation of concern-and nonconcern-related verbal stimuli into dream content. J. Abnorm. Psychol. 1981, 90, 88–91.
79. Conduit, R.; Bruck, D.; Coleman, G. Induction of Visual Imagery During NREM Sleep. Sleep 1997, 20, 948–956.
80. LaBerge, S.; Levitan, L. Validity established of DreamLight cues for eliciting lucid dreaming. Dreaming 1995, 5, 159–168.
81. Baldridge, B.J.; Whitman, R.M.; Kramer, M. The Concurrence of Fine Muscle Activity and Rapid Eye Movements During Sleep. Psychosom. Med. 1965, 27, 19–26.
82. Baldridge, B. Physical concomitants of dreaming and the effect of stimulation on dreams—PubMed. Ohio State Med. J. 1966, 2, 1273–1275.
83. Leslie, K.; Ogilvie, R. Vestibular dreams: The effect of rocking on dream mentation. Dreaming 1996, 6, 1–16.
84. Nielsen, T. Changes in the kinesthetic content of dreams following somatosensory stimulation of leg muscles during REM sleep. Dreaming 1993, 3, 99.
85. Sauvageau, A.; Nielsen, T.A.; Montplaisir, J. Effects of somatosensory stimulation on dream content in gymnasts and control participants: Evidence of vestibulomotor adaptation in REM sleep. Dreaming 1998, 8, 125–134.
86. Solomonova, E. The Embodied Mind in Sleep and Dreaming: A Theoretical Framework and an Empirical Study of Sleep, Dreams and Memory in Meditators and Controls. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2018.
87. Koulack, D. Effects of somatosensory stimulation on dream content. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 1969, 20, 718–725.
88. Schredl, M.; Atanasova, D.; Hörmann, K.; Maurer, J.T.; Hummel, T.; Stuck, B.A. Information processing during sleep: The effect of olfactory stimuli on dream content and dream emotions. J. Sleep Res. 2009, 18, 285–290.
89. Schredl, M.; Hoffmann, L.; Sommer, J.U.; Stuck, B.A. Olfactory Stimulation During Sleep Can Reactivate Odor-Associated Images. Chemosens. Percept. 2014, 7, 140–146.
90. Solomonova, E.; Carr, M. Incorporation of External Stimuli into Dream Content The implication of dreaming in sleep-dependent learning View project. Dreams Underst. Biol. Psychol. Cult. 2019, 213–218.
91. Nitsche, M.; Paulus, W. Excitability changes induced in the human motor cortex by weak transcranial direct current stimulation. J. Physiol. 2000, 527, 633.
92. Boggio, P.S.; Ferrucci, R.; Rigonatti, S.P.; Covre, P.; Nitsche, M.; Pascual-Leone, A.; Fregni, F. Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on working memory in patients with Parkinson’s disease. J. Neurol. Sci. 2006, 249, 31–38.
93. Dieckhöfer, A.; Waberski, T.; Nitsche, M.; Paulus, W. Transcranial direct current stimulation applied over the somatosensory cortex–differential effect on low and high frequency SEPs. Clin. Neurophysiol. 2006, 117, 2221–2227.
94. Kincses, T.; Antal, A.; Nitsche, M.; Bártfai, O.; Paulus, W. Facilitation of probabilistic classification learning by transcranial direct current stimulation of the prefrontal cortex in the human. Neuropsychologia 2004, 42, 113–117.
95. Antal, A.; Kincses, T.; Nitsche, M.; Bartfai, O.; Paulus, W. Excitability changes induced in the human primary visual cortex by transcranial direct current stimulation: Direct electrophysiological evidence. Investig. Ophtalmol. Vis. Sci. 2004, 45, 702–707.
96. Rogalewski, A.; Breitenstein, C.; Nitsche, M.A.; Paulus, W.; Knecht, S. Transcranial direct current stimulation disrupts tactile perception. Eur. J. Neurosci. 2004, 20, 313–316.
97. Marshall, L.; Kirov, R.; Brade, J.; Mölle, M.; Born, J. Transcranial electrical currents to probe EEG brain rhythms and memory consolidation during sleep in humans. PLoS ONE 2011, 6.
98. McKinley, R.; McIntire, L.; Nelson, J.; Nelson, J. Acceleration of procedural learning with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Brain Stimul. Basic Transl. Clin. Res. Neuromodul. 2014, 7, e4–e5.
99. D’Atri, A.; Simoni, E.D.; Gorgoni, M.; Ferrara, M.; De Gennaro, L. Frequency-dependent effects of oscillatory-tDCS on EEG oscillations: A study with Better OSCillation detection method (BOSC). Arch. Ital. Biol. 2015, 153, 124–134.
100. D’Atri, A.; De Simoni, E.; Gorgoni, M.; Ferrara, M.; Ferlazzo, F.; Rossini, P.M.; De Gennaro, L. Accepted Manuscript Electrical Stimulation of the Frontal Cortex Enhances Slow-Frequency Eeg Ac-tivity and Sleepiness. Neuroscience 2016, 324, 119–130.
101. D’Atri, A.; Romano, C.; Gorgoni, M.; Scarpelli, S.; Alfonsi, V.; Ferrara, M.; Ferlazzo, F.; Rossini, P.M.; De Gennaro, L. Bilateral 5 Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation on frontoporal areas modulates resting-state EEG. Sci. Rep. 2017, 7.
102. D’Atri, A.; Scarpelli, S.; Gorgoni, M.; Alfonsi, V.; Annarumma, L.; Giannini, A.M.; Ferrara, M.; Ferlazzo, F.; Rossini, P.; De Gennaro, L.; et al. Bilateral Theta Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) Modulates EEG Activity: When tACS Works Awake It Also Works Asleep. Nat. Sci. Sleep 2019, 11, 343–356.
103. Jakobson, A.J.; Fitzgerald, P.B.; Conduit, R. Induction of visual dream reports after transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCs) during Stage 2 sleep. J. Sleep Res. 2012, 21, 369–379.
104. Jakobson, A.J.; Fitzgerald, P.B.; Conduit, R. Investigation of dream reports after transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCs) during slow wave sleep (SWS). Sleep Biol. Rhythms 2012, 10, 169–178.
105. Jakobson, A.J.; Conduit, R.; Fitzgerald, P.B. Investigation of visual dream reports after transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) during REM sleep. Int. J. Dream Res. 2012, 5, 87–93.
106. Noreika, V.; Windt, J.M.; Kern, M.; Valli, K.; Salonen, T.; Parkkola, R.; Revonsuo, A.; Karim, A.A.; Ball, T.; Lenggenhager, B. Modulating dream experience: Noninvasive brain stimulation over the sensorimotor cortex reduces dream movement. Sci. Rep. 2020, 10, 1–19.
107. Stumbrys, T.; Erlacher, D.; Schredl, M. Testing the involvement of the prefrontal cortex in lucid dreaming: A tDCS study. Conscious. Cogn. 2013, 22, 1214–1222.
108. Blanchette-Carrière, C.; Julien, S.H.; Picard-Deland, C.; Bouchard, M.; Carrier, J.; Paquette, T.; Nielsen, T. Attempted induction of signalled lucid dreaming by transcranial alternating current stimulation. Conscious. Cogn. 2020, 83, 102957.
109. Hobson, J.A.; Pace-Schott, E.F.; Stickgold, R. Dreaming and the brain: Toward a cognitive neuroscience of conscious states. Behav. Brain Sci. 2000, 23, 793–842.
110. Bestmann, S.; Walsh, V. Transcranial electrical stimulation. Curr. Biol. 2017, 27, R1258–R1262.
111. Nieminen, J.O.; Gosseries, O.; Massimini, M.; Saad, E.; Sheldon, A.D.; Boly, M.; Siclari, F.; Postle, B.R.; Tononi, G. Consciousness and cortical responsiveness: A within-state study during non-rapid eye movement sleep. Sci. Rep. 2016, 6, 1–10.
112. Steriade, M.; Timofeev, I.; Grenier, F. Natural waking and sleep states: A view from inside neocortical neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 2001, 85, 1969–1985.
113. Koch, C.; Massimini, M.; Boly, M.; Reviews, G.T.-N. Neural correlates of consciousness: Progress and problems. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2016, 17, 307–321.
114. Massimini, M.; Ferrarelli, F.; Huber, R.; Esser, S.K.; Singh, H.; Tononi, G. Neuroscience: Breakdown of cortical effective connectivity during sleep. Science (80-) 2005, 309, 2228–2232.
115. Tononi, G.; Massimini, M. Why Does Consciousness Fade in Early Sleep? Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2008, 1129, 330–334.
116. Purdon, P.L.; Pierce, E.T.; Mukamel, E.A.; Prerau, M.J.; Walsh, J.L.; Foon, K.; Wong, K.; Salazar-Gomez, A.F.; Harrell, P.G.; Sampson, A.L.; et al. Electroencephalogram signatures of loss and recovery of consciousness from propofol. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2013, 110, E1142–E1151.
117. Annarumma, L.; Atri, A.D.; Alfonsi, V.; De Gennaro, L. The Efficacy of Transcranial Current Stimulation Techniques to Modulate Resting-State EEG, to Affect Vigilance and to Promote Sleepiness. Brain Sci. 2018, 8, 137.