Antibiotic biosynthesis is the enzyme-mediated formation of biologically produced compounds with antibacterial activity. In producing microorganisms, regulatory networks coordinate expression of biosynthetic enzymes with signals associated with growth and specialized metabolism [1]. Biosynthetic routes construct diverse molecular frameworks through reactions that assemble precursors, introduce functional groups, and modify intermediates [2]. Peptide-derived antibiotics can undergo extensive maturation, including cyclization and chemical modification of an initially synthesized precursor [3]. Genes encoding pathway enzymes, transport functions, and regulatory components are often organized in biosynthetic gene clusters. Some clusters remain weakly expressed or inactive under particular culture conditions, while changes in regulation can permit production of their encoded metabolites. The final molecular structure reflects the sequence and substrate specificity of the pathway's assembly and tailoring reactions [4].
- antibiotics
- biosynthetic gene clusters
- Streptomyces
- secondary metabolism
Antibiotic biosynthesis·Molecular Biology·Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology·Life Sciences
References
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