Transcriptional repressors are regulatory proteins that reduce transcription of target genes through interactions with DNA or transcription-associated components. In eukaryotes, repressor-associated histone deacetylase complexes can alter chromatin and restrict transcriptional activity [1][2]. In bacterial metal-responsive systems, repressor dimers bind operator sequences, and direct binding of a metal ion can allosterically reduce their affinity for DNA [3]. Repressors also participate in carbon catabolite regulation, restricting expression of pathways for secondary substrates when preferred nutrients are available [4]. In eukaryotic gene regulation, repressor-associated control can act through chromatin organization, recruitment of transcription machinery, or progression of the transcription cycle. Changes in these regulatory interactions can permit stimulus-responsive transcription at particular genes [5].
- transcriptional repression
- operator binding
- corepressors
- allosteric regulation
Gene Regulatory Network Analysis·Molecular Biology·Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology·Life Sciences
References
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- Xiang-Jiao Yang; Edward Seto; The Rpd3/Hda1 Family of Lysine Deacetylases: from Bacteria and Yeast to Mice and Men. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2008, 9, 206-218. [CrossRef]
- Laura S. Busenlehner; Mario A. Pennella; David P. Giedroc; The SmtB/ArsR Family of Metalloregulatory Transcriptional Repressors: Structural Insights into Prokaryotic Metal Resistance. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 2003, 27, 131-143. [CrossRef]
- Boris Görke; Jörg Stülke; Carbon Catabolite Repression in Bacteria: Many Ways to Make the Most out of Nutrients. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2008, 6, 613-624. [CrossRef]
- Vikki M. Weake; Jerry L. Workman; Inducible Gene Expression: Diverse Regulatory Mechanisms. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2010, 11, 426-437. [CrossRef]