Fulfulde, also known as Fula, Fulani, or by regional names such as Pulaar and Pular, is a polycentric language of the Atlantic branch of the Niger-Congo language family, comprising geographically distributed varieties across sub-Saharan Africa [1]. Its grammatical structure includes a developed nominal classification system, noun-class agreement, and verbal inflection and derivation; its morphology also includes initial consonant mutation in specified morphosyntactic environments [1][2]. Fulfulde is therefore understood as a language encompassing related regional varieties rather than as a single uniform dialect [1].
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