Word production is the psycholinguistic process through which a speaker converts a conceptual representation into a spoken word by retrieving and encoding the corresponding lexical item and preparing its phonological and articulatory form ^[1][2]. The process involves lexical selection from the mental lexicon, retrieval of relevant grammatical information, and phonological encoding, including the preparation of the sound structure required for articulation ^[1][2]. Word production is a component of language production and is distinct from word recognition, which concerns the processing of words encountered in speech or other linguistic input ^[1].