Agricultural economy is a subfield within agricultural development and policies that examines the economic relationships, mechanisms, and resource allocation processes associated with agricultural production, distribution, exchange, and consumption systems. It integrates economic principles with agricultural characteristics to analyze how land, labor, capital, technology, and institutional arrangements influence agricultural activities and rural economic structures ^[1]. The concept encompasses the study of agricultural markets, farm decision-making, resource utilization, agricultural productivity, income distribution, and the interactions between agriculture and broader economic systems ^[2]. Unlike agronomy or crop science, which primarily focus on biological processes, crop improvement, and production technologies, agricultural economy emphasizes the economic behavior of agricultural agents, market mechanisms, policy interventions, and institutional factors shaping agricultural development ^[3].