Educational media refers to the range of communication tools, formats, and platforms used to support teaching and learning by presenting, organizing, and transmitting educational content ^[1][2][3][4]. It includes print materials, audio resources, video, broadcast media, digital applications, interactive platforms, and multimodal resources used in formal, non-formal, and online learning environments ^[1][2]. Educational media is characterized by intentional instructional use: media selection and design are aligned with learning objectives, learner needs, and pedagogical strategies rather than used only for information display [2–4]. In educational research and practice, the term denotes media as a structured component of instructional systems that can influence attention, comprehension, engagement, and knowledge retention when integrated with appropriate teaching methods and assessment ^[1][2][3][4].