Biology education is a field of science education concerned with the structured teaching and learning of biological concepts, processes, and methods across formal and informal educational settings ^[1][2][3][4]. It refers to curriculum design, instructional practices, and assessment activities specifically focused on topics such as cells, organisms, ecosystems, genetics, evolution, and the nature of biological inquiry, as well as the integration of these topics into broader science programs at primary, secondary, and tertiary levels ^[1][2]. Biology education is characterized by the systematic organization of biological content and practices into learning experiences that support conceptual understanding, practical skills, and reasoning about living systems, rather than treating biology as an incidental or purely factual component of general science ^[2][3]. Within science education, biology education denotes a distinct domain in which biological knowledge, laboratory and field work, and discipline-specific ways of thinking are planned, implemented, and evaluated as central objectives of teaching and learning ^[1][2][3][4].