Business Simulation Games in the 21st Century: Comparison
Please note this is a comparison between Version 4 by Maja Mesko and Version 3 by Maja Mesko.

The research on business simulation games has been a topic of interest in recent years. This field's primary research trends and topics have been identified through systematic and automated literature reviews. Business simulation games research, motivated by learning and domain factors, has stagnated since the 2000s. The technology used for these games is mature, with a balance between learning-driven and domain-driven research.

Simulaare interactive tion games, since their inception in the 1950s, have experienced rapid growth in both production and utilization within the field of education. These interactive games have evolved to become a valuable tool in enhancing learning experiences for students in both formal and informal settings. It was in the mid-60s that higher edols used in education institutions recognized the potential of simulation games and began incorporating them into various courses, aiming to provide students with an engaging and hands-on to enhance learning experience. The integration of simulation games in higher education marked a shift from traditional passive learning methods to an active and immersive approach. These games as. They allow students to apply theoretical knowledge to practical scenarios, fostering skills like critical thinking skills,and problem-solving abilities, and teamwork. By. These games simulatinge real-world situations, students are provided withproviding a safe environment tfor students to experiment, make mistakes, a and learn from the consequences of their decisions. Moreover, simulation games of. They offer a dynamic and interactive learning platform that captivates students' attention and enencourages active participation. The gamified nature of these educational tools motivates students to explore, experiment, and engage in the learning process actively. As a result, they become more invested in their own education, driving higher levels of retentio and drives higher levels of understanding. Research in this field has identified trends and topics through systematic reviews, but has seen a stagnation since the 2000s. Despite this, the technology for these games is mature and continues to balance between learning-driven and understanding of the subject matterdomain-driven research.

  • simulation games
  • digital education
  • knowledge management
  • business games
  • projectmanagement
  • decision
  • topic mining
  • text mining

1. INTRODUCTION

The research on business simulation games has been a topic of interest in recent years. This field's primary research trends and topics have been identified through systematic and automated literature reviews. Business simulation games research, motivated by learning and domain factors, has stagnated since the 2000s. The technology used for these games is mature, with a balance between learning-driven and domain-driven research. Simulation games, are designed to combine the virtual and the real world. The simulation gamesince their inception in the 1950s, have experienced rapid growth in both production and utilization within the field of education. These interactive games have evolved to become a valuable tool in enhancing learning experiences for students in both formal and informal settings. It was in the mid-60s that higher education institutions recognized the potential of simulation games and began incorporating them into various courses, aiming to provide students with an engaging and hands-on learning experience. The integration of simulation games in higher education marked a shift from traditional passive learning methods to an active and immersive approach. These games allow students to apply theoretical knowledge to practical scenarios, fostering critical thinking skills, problem-solving abilities, and teamwork. By simulating real-world situations, students are provided with a safe environment to experiment, make mistakes, and learn from the consequences of their decisions. Moreover, simulation games offer a dynamic and interactive learning platform that captivates students' attention and encourages active participation. The gamified nature of these educational tools motivates students to explore, experiment, and engage in the learning process actively. As a result, they become more invested in their own education, driving higher levels of retention and understanding of the subject matter.

2. THE EVOLUTION AND IMPACT OF SIMULATION GAMES IN EDUCATION AND BUSINESS

Simulation games are designed ento combine the virtual and the real world. The simulation game design encloses the conceptual content establishment and the game process development that together support predefined game objectives. According to the authors [1], a simulation game is a mash-up of game and simulation elements representing rivalry, collaboration, rules, participants, and characters with powerful, real-world features. Furthermore, simulation games support mutual communication between game participants. Therefore, simulation games bring real real-world problems closer to the player and make it easier for the player to solve them.  

Since their inception in the 1950s, simulation games have seen significant growth in production and education usage, with the market projected to reach $579.44 billion by 2027 [2]. Modern generations, particularly Generation Z, drive changes in learning processes, favouring informal learning and integrating new technologies. Business simulation games in formal and informal settings provide experiential learning opportunities, allowing students and professionals to improve decision-making skills in a risk-free environment [3]. The rise in business simulation games has led to increased research, with several systematic literature reviews focusing on specific business functions, learning outcomes, and the use of specific technologies. These reviews, categorized as domain-driven, technology-driven, and learning-driven research, often focus on a single topic, providing a microlevel analysis of a narrow aspect of business simulation games . However, there is a need for more comprehensive macrolevel analyses that encompass all topics related to business simulation games [4][5][6]. Simulation games have revolutionized the way higher education institutions approach teaching and learning. By providing students with a platform to actively engage in immersive experiences, these games have become a preferred method of instruction. Unlike traditional lecture-based approaches, simulation games allow students to apply theoretical concepts in a practical context, helping them develop critical thinking skills and problem-solving abilities. Furthermore, simulation games encourage collaboration and teamwork, as students often work together to strategize and make collective decisions. This not only enhances their interpersonal skills but also prepares them for real-world scenarios where cooperation and effective communication are essential. In addition to their educational value, simulation games also offer a high level of flexibility in terms of subject matter. They can be tailored to various disciplines, such as business, healthcare, engineering, and more, allowing students to gain hands-on experience in their chosen field.the integration of simulation games in higher education has transformed the learning experience by providing students with an active and engaging approach. These games facilitate critical thinking, problem-solving, collaboration, and subject-specific knowledge, making them an invaluable tool for educators looking to enhance student learning outcomes.

3. LEVERAGING SYSTEMATIC AND AUTOMATED LITERATURE REVIEWS FOR BUSINESS SIMULATION GAMES RESEARCH: TRENDS, PERSPECTIVES, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS

The aim was to identify the primary research trends and topics of business simulation games research using a systematic and automated literature review with the motivation of research (learning driven and domain driven). The current literature reviews were mostly applied as systematic literature reviews (SLRs), using standard formats such as Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), which is time-consuming, causing their narrow focus. Automated literature reviews (ALRs) using natural language processing, such as word extraction, phrase extraction, and topic mining, overcome the barriers of SLRs [10]. Using ALRs allows the unstructured analysis of research papers, allowing the broad macrolevel analysis, which leads to the extraction of a broad range of topics, thus overcoming the narrow focus of SLRs.The paper uses a systematic and automated literature review to identify key business simulation games research trends, focusing on learning and domain-driven motivations. It reveals that while research in this field has stagnated since the 2000s, there is a balance between learning and domain-driven research, suggesting the technology for these games is mature. The study also analyses the research timeline, main publication venues, citation trends, and frequently used words and phrases. Through the results of this work, higher education institutions can become aware of the areas in which they could use simulation games to make the learning process more interesting and effective for students of Generation Z, who require a different approach to educational methods. In the same way, the results of this research can guide practitioners from the business world to consider their business perspectives in which they could incorporate and apply simulation games to establish higher quality and more efficient firm performance. The paper contains several contributions. Firstly, by combining SLR and ALR, the current study analyses the research on business simulation games to solve the gaps mentioned above and provide a broader perspective on the research trends and perspectives. This paper combines computational and qualitative methodologies to identify significant study themes, examine the temporal trends of these concerns over the past several decades, and suggest possible future pathways for business simulation games research. Secondly, the suggested data analysis framework is flexible and adaptable to various study areas. In addition to combining the SLR and ALR methods, we introduce the concept of the primary motivation in business simulation research, including learningdriven, domain-driven, and technology-driven research. Such an approach can be easily transferred to other educational, business, and management approaches. Thirdly, this paper sheds insight into past and future research on business simulation games by analysing the most significant research trends and themes from 1973 to 2023. 

Regarding research results that revealed three main research perspectives of business simulation games, the obtained results can be a potential guideline for higher education institutions and businesses in various industries when deciding to implement simulation games in their processes. Higher education institutions can become aware of the areas in which they could use simulation games to make the learning process more interesting and effective for students of Generation Z, who require a different approach to educational methods. In the same way, the results of this research can guide practitioners from the business world to consider their business perspectives in which they could incorporate and apply simulation games to establish higher quality and more efficient firm performance. To obtain deeper insights into the application of simulation games in higher education, it would be interesting to conduct a systematic review of the literature with expanded keywords in the search process that would refer to the technical perspectives of simulation game usage, supported by further qualitative or quantitative research.

References

  1. Virpi Ruohomäki. Viewpoints on learning and education with simulation games; Springer Science and Business Media LLC: Dordrecht, GX, Netherlands, 1995; pp. 13-25.
  2. Nadia Faisal; Mehmood Chadhar; Anitra Goriss-Hunter; Andrew Stranieri; Business Simulation Games in Higher Education: A Systematic Review of Empirical Research. Hum. Behav. Emerg. Technol.. 2022, 2022, 1-28.
  3. Marco Greco; Nicola Baldissin; Fabio Nonino; An Exploratory Taxonomy of Business Games. Simul. Gaming. 2013, 44, 645-682.
  4. Charles Reynaldo; Ryan Christian; Hansel Hosea; Alexander A S Gunawan; Using Video Games to Improve Capabilities in Decision Making and Cognitive Skill: A Literature Review. Procedia Comput. Sci.. 2021, 179, 211-221.
  5. Cleiton Pons Ferreira; Carina Soledad González-González; Diana Francisca Adamatti; Business Simulation Games Analysis Supported by Human-Computer Interfaces: A Systematic Review. Sensors. 2021, 21, 4810.
  6. Alexander Loffler; Debora Jacoby; Nilufer Faizan; Matthias Utesch; Harald Kienegger; Helmut Krcmar. Teaching Methods for Simulation Games: The Example of Learning Business Process Change; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE): Piscataway, NJ, United States, 2019; pp. 1336-1344.
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