Hypertension (HT) is a worldwide public health issue and an essential risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a condition characterized by recurrent episodes of apnea and hypopnea as a consequence of partial or complete obstruction of the upper airways due to anatomic and/or functional disturbances.
Author (Reference) | Year | Number of Studies | Total Sample Size | OSA (OR (95% CI)) for HT |
---|---|---|---|---|
Meng [15][14] | 2016 | 6 | 20,367 | 1.41 (1.29–1.89) |
Hou [16][15] | 2018 | 26 | 51,623 | 1.80 (1.54–2.06) |
Han [17][16] | 2020 | 10 | 13,274 | 1.80 (1.36–2.38) |
Yuan [18][17] | 2021 | 8 | 3484 | 6.44 (5.38–7.71) |
Author (Reference) | Year | Number of Studies | Total Sample Size | OSA Therapy | Main Findings |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liu [49][48] | 2016 | 5 | 446 | CPAP | MBP reduction: 4.78 mmHg, 95% C:I 1.61–7.95 mmHg SBP reduction: 2.95 mmHg, 95% CI: 0.53–5.37 mmHg DBP reduction: 1.53 mmHg, 95% CI: 0.00–3.07 mmHg |
Pengo [50][49] | 2020 | 68 | CPAP or MADs | MBP reduction: 2.09 mmHg, 95% CI: 2.78–1.40 mmHg SBP reduction: 1.92 mmHg, 95% CI: 2.40–1.43 mmHg DBP reduction: 1.27 mmHg, 95% CI, 2.34–0.20 mmHg |
|
Bratton [51][50] | 2015 | 51 | 4888 | CPAP or MADs | DBP reduction: 2.5 mmHg, 95% CI: 1.5–3.5 mmHg DBP reduction: 2.0 mm Hg, 95% CI: 1.3–2.7 mmHg |
Iftikhar [52][51] | 2013 | 7 | 399 | MADs | MBP reduction: 2.4 mmHg, 95% CI: 0.8–4.0 mmHg SBP reduction: 2.7 mmHg, 95% CI: 0.8–4.6 mmHg DBP reduction: 2.7 mmHg, 95% CI: 0.9–4.6 mmHg |
Schein [53][52] | 2014 | 16 | 1166 | CPAP | Office SBP reduction: 3.20 mmHg, 95% CI: 1.72–4.67 mmHg Office DBP reduction: 2.87 mmHg, 95% CI: 0.55–5.18 mmHg Night-time SBP reduction: 4.92 mmHg, 95% CI: 1.14–8.70 Mean 24 h BP reduction: 3.56 mmHg, 95% CI: 0.33–6.79 mmHg Mean night-time BP reduction: 2.56 mmHg 95% CI: 0.68–4.43 mmHg |
Fava [54][53] | 2014 | 29 | 1820 | CPAP | 24- h SBP reduction: 2.6 ± 0.6 mm Hg 24 h DBP reduction: 2.0 ± 0.4 mm Hg |
Labarca [55][54] | 2021 | 10 | 606 | CPAP | 24 h SBP reduction: 5.06 mmHg, 95% CI: 2.13–7.98 mmHg 24 h DBP reduction: 4.21 mmHg, 95% CI: 1.93–6.50 mmHg Daytime SBP reduction: 2.34 mmHg, 95% CI: 2.27–6.94 mmHg Daytime DBP reduction: 2.14 mmHg, 95% CI: 0.67–4.96 mmHg Night-time SBP reduction: 4.15 mmHg, 95% CI: 1.29–7.01 mmHg Nighttime DBP reduction: 1.95 mmHg, 95% CI: 0.57–3.32 mmHg |
Shang [56][55] | 2022 | 19 | 1904 | CPAP | SBP reduction: 5.01 mmHg 95% CI: 3.08–6.94 mmHg |