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Li, V. DYSF Gene. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/5226 (accessed on 25 April 2024).
Li V. DYSF Gene. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/5226. Accessed April 25, 2024.
Li, Vivi. "DYSF Gene" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/5226 (accessed April 25, 2024).
Li, V. (2020, December 24). DYSF Gene. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/5226
Li, Vivi. "DYSF Gene." Encyclopedia. Web. 24 December, 2020.
DYSF Gene
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This entry is adapted from the peer-reviewed paper https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/dysf

Dysferlin: The DYSF gene provides instructions for making a protein called dysferlin. 

genes

1. Normal Function

This protein is found in the thin membrane called the sarcolemma that surrounds muscle fibers. Dysferlin is thought to aid in repairing the sarcolemma when it becomes damaged or torn due to muscle strain. Researchers suggest that dysferlin may also be involved in the formation of new muscle fibers (regeneration) and in inflammation, but little is known about these functions.

2. Health Conditions Related to Genetic Changes

2.1 Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy

More than 140 mutations in the DYSF gene that can cause limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B have been identified. Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy is a group of related disorders characterized by muscle weakness and wasting (atrophy), particularly in the shoulders, hips, thighs, and upper arms. Muscle problems caused by DYSF gene mutations, such as limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B and others (see below), are called dysferlinopathies.

DYSF gene mutations may disrupt the function of the dysferlin protein and interfere with the muscle repair process. Studies suggest that inefficient repair of damaged muscle fibers may lead to inflammation and degeneration of muscles, resulting in muscle weakness.

2.2 Miyoshi Myopathy

More than 100 mutations in the DYSF gene have been found to cause Miyoshi myopathy. This condition is a muscle disorder that is characterized by progressive weakness and atrophy of muscles that are away from the center of the body (distal muscles), particularly those in the legs. The DYSF gene mutations identified in people with Miyoshi myopathy change single amino acids in the dysferlin protein, which impairs the protein's function or results in the production of a nonfunctional protein. A common cause of the condition in people of Japanese ancestry is a mutation that replaces the amino acid tryptophan with the amino acid cysteine at position 999 in dysferlin (written Trp999Cys or W999C).

A lack of normal dysferlin leads to a reduced ability to repair damage done to the sarcolemma of muscle fibers. As a result, damage accumulates and leads to atrophy of the muscle fiber. It is unclear why the DYSF gene mutations that cause Miyoshi myopathy lead to the specific pattern of weakness and atrophy that is characteristic of this disorder.

Some researchers consider Miyoshi myopathy to be a variant of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (see above) rather than a separate disorder because they are caused by mutations in the same gene and have overlapping signs and symptoms.

2.3 Other Disorders

DYSF gene mutations also cause another dysferlinopathy called distal myopathy with anterior tibial onset. In this condition, the muscle weakness is most apparent in the muscles of the lower legs. This condition first becomes apparent in a muscle called tibialis anterior, which is located at the front of the lower leg and helps to flex the foot. Distal myopathy with anterior tibial onset later affects the muscles of the upper leg, and affected individuals eventually require wheelchair assistance.

3. Other Names for This Gene

  • DYSF_HUMAN

  • dysferlin, limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2B (autosomal recessive)

  • dystrophy-associated fer-1-like 1

  • fer-1-like protein 1

  • FER1L1

  • FLJ00175

  • FLJ90168

  • LGMD2B

References

  1. Bansal D, Campbell KP. Dysferlin and the plasma membrane repair in musculardystrophy. Trends Cell Biol. 2004 Apr;14(4):206-13. Review.
  2. Broglio L, Tentorio M, Cotelli MS, Mancuso M, Vielmi V, Gregorelli V, PadovaniA, Filosto M. Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy-associated protein diseases.Neurologist. 2010 Nov;16(6):340-52. doi: 10.1097/NRL.0b013e3181d35b39. Review.
  3. Chiu YH, Hornsey MA, Klinge L, Jørgensen LH, Laval SH, Charlton R, Barresi R, Straub V, Lochmüller H, Bushby K. Attenuated muscle regeneration is a key factor in dysferlin-deficient muscular dystrophy. Hum Mol Genet. 2009 Jun1;18(11):1976-89. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddp121.
  4. Glover L, Brown RH Jr. Dysferlin in membrane trafficking and patch repair.Traffic. 2007 Jul;8(7):785-94.
  5. Han R, Campbell KP. Dysferlin and muscle membrane repair. Curr Opin Cell Biol.2007 Aug;19(4):409-16.
  6. Klinge L, Aboumousa A, Eagle M, Hudson J, Sarkozy A, Vita G, Charlton R,Roberts M, Straub V, Barresi R, Lochmüller H, Bushby K. New aspects on patientsaffected by dysferlin deficient muscular dystrophy. J Neurol NeurosurgPsychiatry. 2010 Sep;81(9):946-53. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2009.178038.
  7. Krahn M, Béroud C, Labelle V, Nguyen K, Bernard R, Bassez G, Figarella-BrangerD, Fernandez C, Bouvenot J, Richard I, Ollagnon-Roman E, Bevilacqua JA, Salvo E, Attarian S, Chapon F, Pellissier JF, Pouget J, Hammouda el H, Laforêt P,Urtizberea JA, Eymard B, Leturcq F, Lévy N. Analysis of the DYSF mutationalspectrum in a large cohort of patients. Hum Mutat. 2009 Feb;30(2):E345-75. doi:10.1002/humu.20910.
  8. Nguyen K, Bassez G, Krahn M, Bernard R, Laforêt P, Labelle V, Urtizberea JA,Figarella-Branger D, Romero N, Attarian S, Leturcq F, Pouget J, Lévy N, Eymard B.Phenotypic study in 40 patients with dysferlin gene mutations: high frequency of atypical phenotypes. Arch Neurol. 2007 Aug;64(8):1176-82.
  9. Paradas C, Llauger J, Diaz-Manera J, Rojas-García R, De Luna N, Iturriaga C,Márquez C, Usón M, Hankiewicz K, Gallardo E, Illa I. Redefining dysferlinopathyphenotypes based on clinical findings and muscle imaging studies. Neurology. 2010Jul 27;75(4):316-23. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181ea1564.
  10. Straub V, Bushby K. The childhood limb-girdle muscular dystrophies. SeminPediatr Neurol. 2006 Jun;13(2):104-14. Review.
  11. Takahashi T, Aoki M, Tateyama M, Kondo E, Mizuno T, Onodera Y, Takano R, KawaiH, Kamakura K, Mochizuki H, Shizuka-Ikeda M, Nakagawa M, Yoshida Y, Akanuma J,Hoshino K, Saito H, Nishizawa M, Kato S, Saito K, Miyachi T, Yamashita H, KawaiM, Matsumura T, Kuzuhara S, Ibi T, Sahashi K, Nakai H, Kohnosu T, Nonaka I,Arahata K, Brown RH Jr, Saito H, Itoyama Y. Dysferlin mutations in JapaneseMiyoshi myopathy: relationship to phenotype. Neurology. 2003 Jun10;60(11):1799-804.
  12. Urtizberea JA, Bassez G, Leturcq F, Nguyen K, Krahn M, Levy N.Dysferlinopathies. Neurol India. 2008 Jul-Sep;56(3):289-97. Review.
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Vivi Li
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Update Date: 24 Dec 2020
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