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Topic Review
Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks
A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a group of spatially dispersed sensor nodes, which are interconnected by using wireless communication. The purpose of this entry is to provide an up-to-date presentation of both traditional and most recent applications of WSNs and hopefully not only enable the comprehension of this scientific area but also facilitate the perception of novel applications.
  • 35.8K
  • 28 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Process of Converting Ammonia to Hydrogen
Hydrogen technology for transition to a hydrogen-based economy requires supplying clean and renewable energy and capture of CO2 from current fossil hydrogen production. Ammonia is the most popular substance as a green hydrogen carrier because it does not carry carbon, and the total hydrogen content of ammonia is higher than other fuels and is thus suitable to convert to hydrogen. Ammonia cracking is a process of producing hydrogen from ammonia decomposition over a catalyst at high temperatures and is preferentially performed at normal pressures. 
  • 11.6K
  • 12 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Methods and Techniques for CO2 Capture
With the increase in electricity consumption around the world, electricity demands are increasing every day. During electricity generation using energy technologies based on fossil fuels, the emission of harmful pollutants into the environment (gaseous, liquid, and solid) occurs as the emission of NOx, SOx, dust, CO2, and wastewater (e.g., from flue-gas treatment installations). A great deal of effort in modern low-emission energy technologies was directed at activities leading to decreased gaseous pollutant emissions. The emission of carbon dioxide (CO2), treated as one of the main reasons for global warming when fossil fuel is burned, cannot be avoided. The carbon capture utilization and storage (CCUS) methods and technologies are among the many ways to reduce CO2 emissions.
  • 11.1K
  • 15 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Hydrogen as an Alternative Fuel
Hydrogen is a very important fuel of our secure and clean energy future. Hydrogen will be the fuel of the future and gradually it will replace all current fossil fuels. Hydrogen can be used as a fuel for vehicles, to heat homes and offices, to produce electricity, and to fuel ships and aircraft. The present work provides an overview of hydrogen as an alternative fuel, which can be used in internal combustion engines and in fuel cells.
  • 10.7K
  • 27 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Electric Vehicles Adoption Scenario in Malaysia
In the roadmaps of the automotive industry, the electric vehicle (EV) is regarded as a crucial technology for the future of automotive power systems. The EV has become a top priority of major global car manufacturers and is expected to disrupt the road transportation sector. In Malaysia and Indonesia, EVs just started as an important force. However, in Malaysia, the lack of EV infrastructure, along with its strong dependency on fossil fuels, poses an enormous challenge. 
  • 10.2K
  • 05 May 2022
Topic Review
Surface Cleaning Methods
It is difficult to avoid surface contaminants in the processes of integrated circuit manufacturing, optical elements processing and additive forging. The presence of surface contaminants will bring great problems to above process. For example, in large- scale integrated circuits manufacturing, the submicron contaminants on silicon wafer surface will cause defects in the chip directly [1]. And in the manufacture of optical elements, the quality of the cleaned surface will directly affect the damage resistance of optical elements [2], and the presence of surface contaminants will affect its service life [3]. Similarly, during the additive forging process, the surface contaminants will affect the interface healing state of the substrate and ultimately affect its bonding performance. However, surface contaminants can be removed effectively by a suitable surface cleaning method, so surface cleaning is of great significance to solve the above problems.
  • 8.1K
  • 29 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Methods of Residual Stress Measurement
This entry introduces several commonly used residual stress measurement methods.
  • 7.7K
  • 01 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Parallelism Measurement Methods
At present, the parallelism error was evaluated by contact probe, laser interferometer, and  autocollimator, etc. Moreover, it can also be divided into contact method and non-contact method based on the measurement principle.
  • 7.0K
  • 29 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Greenhouse Drying System
Drying via solar energy is an environmentally friendly and inexpensive process. For controlled and bulk level drying, a greenhouse solar dryer is the most suitable controlled level solar dryer. The efficiency of a solar greenhouse dryer can be increased by using thermal storage. The agricultural products dried in greenhouses are reported to be of a higher quality than those dried in the sun because they are shielded from dust, rain, insects, birds, and animals. The heat storage-based greenhouse was found to be superior for drying of all types of crops in comparison to a normal greenhouse dryer, as it provides constant heat throughout the drying process.
  • 5.8K
  • 30 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Applications of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) in Engineering
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is an elastomer with excellent optical, electrical and mechanical properties, which makes it well-suited for several engineering applications. Due to its biocompatibility, PDMS is widely used for biomedical purposes. Some properties can be improved by adding additives.
  • 5.7K
  • 12 Jan 2022
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