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Topic Review
Wind Turbines
Wind turbines (WTs) are large devices utilized to convert the wind's kinetic energy into electricity. There are several different typologies of WTs, the most common type being the so-called Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) systems. In this configuration, the rotation axis of the rotor is parallel to the ground. Specific attention must be paid to the orientation with respect to the wind direction, which is different from other types of wind turbines such as those with a vertical axis (VAWT), whose orientation is independent of the prevailing wind direction. For HAWT, the three-bladed upwind configuration is the most common one, with the rotor facing the incoming wind. WTs can be deployed both on- or offshore and have very different blade lengths, which result in different sizes (especially regarding the tower height) and power output. Due to fatigue and exposure to outdoor elements, WT monitoring and diagnostics are strictly needed to reduce structural and mechanical failure and achieve cost-effective energy production. This requires both the Structural Health Monitoring of the WTs load-bearing components (tower, blades, foundations, etc) and the Condition Monitoring of their mechanical parts (gearbox, generator, etc).
  • 1.8K
  • 02 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Wind Models
Wind forecasts are widely spread because of the growth in wind power, but also because there are other applications to consider, such as the long-term scenario forecasts regarding the effects of global warming. Overall, there have been big developments in global circulation models (GCM) that inform future scenarios at the large scale, but wind forecast at a local scale is a problem that has not totally been solved.
  • 578
  • 26 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Wave-Structure-Seabed Interactions and Scour
Sediment transport has been the subject of extensive research over recent decades, particularly wave–structure interactions and, more importantly, their effects on the seabed. It includes mechanical models, analytical solutions of wave–structure–seabed interactions, and their verification with numerical models and experimental tests. Experimentally, both field and laboratory measurements focus on the structure foundation. Moreover, given the great progress in numerical modelling in the last decade, there is a need to put into context and focus the most widely used numerical approaches for modelling the wave-structure-seabed interaction. The numerical model selected and the resolution method depend mainly on the coastal study area, the importance and dependence of the processes involved, the temporal-spatial scale of the problem and the computational time.
  • 1.2K
  • 16 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Underwater Object Detection Using TC-YOLO with Attention Mechanisms
Underwater object detection is a key technology in the development of intelligent underwater vehicles. Object detection faces unique challenges in underwater applications: blurry underwater images; small and dense targets; and limited computational capacity available on the deployed platforms. TC-YOLO, is an image enhancement technique using an adaptive histogram equalization algorithm, and the optimal transport scheme for label assignment. 
  • 50
  • 01 Apr 2024
Topic Review
Underwater Compressed Gas Energy Storage
Underwater compressed air energy storage was developed from its terrestrial counterpart. It has also evolved to underwater compressed natural gas and hydrogen energy storage in recent years. Underwater compressed air energy storage (UWCGES) is a promising energy storage technology for the marine environment and subsequently of recent significant interest attention.
  • 506
  • 11 Oct 2022
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Tsunami Alert Efficiency
“Tsunami Alert Efficiency” is the rapid, accurate and reliable conduct of tsunami warning messaging, from the detection of potential tsunamigenic earthquakes to dissemination to all people under threat, and the successful survival of every person at risk on the basis of prior awareness and preparedness.
  • 1.5K
  • 13 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Triboelectric Nanogenerator
First proposed by Wang in 2012, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG, also called Wang generator) derived from Maxwell’s displacement current shows great prospect as a new technology to convert mechanical energy into electricity, based on the triboelectrification effect and electrostatic induction. TENGs present superiorities including light weight, cost-effectiveness, easy fabrication, and versatile material choices. The concept of harvesting blue energy using the TENG and its network was first brought out in 2014. As a new form of blue energy harvester, the TENG surpasses the EMG in that it intrinsically displays higher effectiveness under low frequency, owing to the unique feature of its output characteristics. Moreover, adopting the distributed architecture of light-weighted TENG networks can make it more suitable for collecting wave energy of high entropy compared with EMGs, which are oversized in volume and mass.
  • 1.5K
  • 13 Sep 2021
Topic Review
The Swimming Mode of Fish
Starting from the morphological function of fish, there are many swimming modes of fish in nature, the most authoritative classification of which, based on the organ of propulsion, was first proposed by Breder and Webb. There are two main categories of propulsion methods, body caudal fin (BCF) propulsion and median paired fin (MPF) propulsion. In 1978, Lindsey classified the different families of fish species according to their mode of propulsion, which provided the essential foundation for the improvement of the overall performance of undulating propulsion biomimetic robots.
  • 748
  • 05 Sep 2023
Topic Review
The Optimal Configuration of Wave Energy Conversions
Ocean energy is one potential renewable energy alternative to fossil fuels that has a more significant power generation due to its better predictability and availability. In order to harness this source, wave energy converters (WECs) have been devised and used over the past several years to generate as much energy and power as is feasible. While it is possible to install these devices in both nearshore and offshore areas, nearshore sites are more appropriate places since more severe weather occurs offshore. Determining the optimal location might be challenging when dealing with sites along the coast since they often have varying capacities for energy production. Constructing wave farms requires determining the appropriate location for WECs, which may lead us to its correct and optimum design. The WEC size, shape, and layout are factors that must be considered for installing these devices. 
  • 438
  • 08 Nov 2022
Topic Review
The Offshore Wind Farms Investigations Using Machine Learning
The offshore wind energy sector continues to make substantial progress, driven by the urgent need for renewable energy, climate change mitigation strategies, and the ambitious zero-emission objectives set by governments and local communities. Key drivers of this progress include scaling up offshore wind turbine dimensions to boost energy output, improving the efficiency of existing systems, addressing environmental concerns associated with these installations, exploring deeper waters for turbine deployment in areas with optimal wind conditions, and pursuing the innovation of floating offshore turbines. These challenges are at the forefront of efforts to advance the development, installation, operation, and maintenance of offshore wind energy systems.
  • 261
  • 11 Oct 2023
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