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Topic Review
Ultrasound and HPP to Control Fruit Enzymatic Browning
Polyphenoloxidase (PPO) is an endogenous enzyme, which is naturally present in plant tissues, and it has also been referred to as polyphenol oxidase, catechol oxidase, tyrosinase, phenolase, catecholase, and o-diphenol oxidase. It is an oxidoreductase-copper-containing metalloprotein, which catalyses the degradation of phenolic fruit constituents to o-quinones in the presence of oxygen. The combination of ultrasound with temperature, and high pressure processing (HPP) with temperature to inactivate polyphenoloxidase enzyme in three fruits (pear, apple and strawberry) was investigated and compared with PPO inactivation exclusively by a thermal process. 
  • 114
  • 12 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Types of Aluminium Matrix Composites
Al alloy has very attractive properties required in the production of aerospace, automotive, electrical and electronic, sports and recreational components/equipment. Its low strength and low wear resistance have challenged its applications in some other critical industrial utilities. Nonetheless, the invention of metal composites has removed such barriers. The addition of one or more reinforcements to Al has helped in the creation of aluminium matrix composites (AMCs), which has not only increased the global utilization of Al alloy, but has been a major source of global revenue and job. 
  • 202
  • 20 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Tool Wear Suppression Methods of Diamond-cutting Ferrous Metals
This entry introduces some common tool wear suppression methods of diamond-cutting ferrous metals.
  • 805
  • 30 Oct 2020
Topic Review
The Truck Appointment Scheduling Problem
Scheduling the arrival of external trucks in container terminals is a critical operational decision that faces both terminal managers and trucking companies. This issue is crucial for both stakeholders since the random arrival of trucks causes congestion in the terminals and extended delays for the trucks.
  • 317
  • 29 Jul 2022
Topic Review
The Heat Rate of Thermal Power Plants
Rapid industrialization and the increased use of consumer electronic goods have increased the demand for energy. To meet the increasing energy demand, global nations are looking for energy from renewable sources rather than non-renewable sources, to adhere with the sustainability principle. As energy from renewable sources is still in the experimental stage, there is a need to use available energy sources optimally.
  • 378
  • 12 Apr 2022
Topic Review
The Green Supply Chain Management
Green supply chain management (GSCM) involves environmental concerns in supply chain activities to minimize ecological impacts. The aim of GSCM is to find a balance between economic and environmental activities. GSCM deals with the concept of sustainability of the entire supply chain network along with providing green products or services to customers.
  • 316
  • 25 Oct 2022
Topic Review
The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Magnetic Hyperthermia
Magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) is more commonly used in various biomedical applications. Magnetic hyperthermia (MH), a clinical alternative to tumor treatments, also became a powerful tool for cancer treatment by exposing tumor tissue to elevated temperatures to achieve a therapeutic effect. It has been successfully applied to the treatment of different types of cancer including the brain, spine, lung, prostate, breast, and pancreas. It is also a promising alternative to traditional cancer therapies, particularly in the case of aggressive brain cancer like glioblastoma. MHT’s huge advantages are connected with biosafety, deep tissue penetration, and a focused place of action. The development of nanomedicine involves complex nanomaterial research involving magnetic nanomaterials and their use in magnetic hyperthermia. The selection of the optimal treatment strategies is time-consuming, expensive, unpredictable, and not consistently effective. Delivering personalized therapy that obtains maximal efficiency and minimal side effects is highly important. Thus, Artificial Intelligence (AI) based algorithms provide the opportunity to overcome these crucial issues.
  • 41
  • 15 Dec 2022
Topic Review
TGV Track Construction
LGV construction is the process by which the land on which TGV trains are to run is prepared for their use, involving carving the trackbed and laying the track. It is similar to the building of standard railway lines, but there are differences. In particular, construction process is more precise in order for the track to be suitable for regular use at 300 km/h (186 mph). The quality of construction was put to the test in particular during the TGV world speed record runs on the LGV Atlantique; the track was used at over 500 km/h (310 mph) without suffering significant damage. This contrasts with previous French world rail speed record (326/331 km/h in 1955) attempts which resulted in severe deformation of the track.
  • 56
  • 30 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Textile Development of Czech Republic
The textile branch includes mainly the processing of textile fibers, the production of yarns and various fabrics (fabrics, knitwear nonwovens and nano assmblies) and their use for clothing purposes and technical applications. This branch belonged, belongs and will probably continue to belong to fields using new technical solutions very quickly.The major factors involved in developement of textile branch are discussed.
  • 227
  • 28 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Systems Thinking
Systems thinking is an evolving field, and there is growing demand to integrate systems thinking into many fields. As this demand increases, so does the need for and importance of identifying systems thinkers.
  • 476
  • 16 May 2022
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