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Topic Review
Different Portland Cement Types in South Africa
Cement has long been recognized as an energy- and emission-intensive construction material. Cement production has recently experienced significant growth despite its high energy consumption, resource usage, and carbon emissions.
  • 512
  • 28 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Smart Contract Design in Distributed Energy Systems
Blockchain technology and, in particular, smart contracts based on it, offers a new, decentralized mechanism for entering into and fulfilling contracts in diverse markets. Energy markets are no exception, and indeed, the decentralized nature of the blockchain may be particularly important for them as the penetration of residential prosumers offering microgeneration to the grid grows. 
  • 368
  • 28 Jul 2023
Topic Review
An Improved Multimodal Medical Image Fusion Approach
Multimodal medical image fusion (MMIF) is the process of merging different modalities of medical images into a single output image (fused image) with a significant quantity of information to improve clinical applicability. It enables a better diagnosis and makes the diagnostic process easier. In medical image fusion (MIF), an intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) plays a role in enhancing the quality of the image, which is useful for medical diagnosis. The research introduces an innovative approach to multimodal medical image fusion using intuitionistic fuzzy set theory. This approach shows promising results in improving the quality and accuracy of fused medical images, making it a valuable contribution to the field of medical image processing and diagnosis.
  • 369
  • 28 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Swarm Exploration and Communications
Swarm exploration by multi-agent systems relies on stable inter-agent communication. However, so far both exploration and communication have been mainly considered separately despite their strong inter-dependency in such systems. By a semantic communication design, communication efficiency in terms of latency, required data rate, energy, and complexity may be improved. 
  • 285
  • 28 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Potential Role of ChatGPT in Scientific Works
ChatGPT is a variation of the large language model (LLM) named GPT-3 from OpenAI, trained on a given dataset. ChatGPT, which is based on GPT-3 using a specific algorithm for learning, could be used for brainstorming in a conversational way, its possibilities can bring a revolution to working environments in various professions.
  • 318
  • 28 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Application of Hydrogen Storage Tanks
The most practical way of storing hydrogen gas for fuel cell vehicles is to use a composite overwrapped pressure vessel. Depending on the driving distance range and power requirement of the vehicles, there can be various operational pressure and volume capacity of the tanks, ranging from passenger vehicles to heavy-duty trucks. The current commercial hydrogen storage method for vehicles involves storing compressed hydrogen gas in high-pressure tanks at pressures of 700 bar for passenger vehicles and 350 bar to 700 bar for heavy-duty trucks. In particular, hydrogen is stored in rapidly refillable onboard tanks, meeting the driving range needs of heavy-duty applications, such as regional and line-haul trucking.
  • 1.2K
  • 28 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Time-Sensitive Networking Standards and Applications for Intelligent Driving
The time-sensitive networking (TSN) family of standards is a tool set that offers reliability, determinism and time synchronization for safety-critical automotive communications over Ethernet links. The TSN standards leverage the previous work conducted within the IEEE 802.1 Working Group on IEEE audio video bridging (AVB). TSN is a set of specifications standardized by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.1 work group (WG), the predecessor of which is audio video bridging (AVB).
  • 535
  • 27 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Freeway Traffic Breakdown Using Artificial Neural Networks
Traffic breakdown is the transition of traffic flow from an uncongested state to a congested state. On freeways, when a large number of on-ramp vehicles merge with mainline traffic, it can cause a significant drop in speed and subsequently lead to traffic breakdown. Therefore, ramp meters have been used to regulate the traffic flow from the ramps to maintain stable traffic flow on the mainline. However, existing traffic breakdown prediction models do not consider on-ramp traffic flow. An algorithm based on artificial neural networks (ANN) is developed to predict the probability of a traffic breakdown occurrence on freeway segments with merging traffic, considering temporal and spatial correlations of the traffic conditions from the location of interest, the ramp, and the upstream and downstream segments. 
  • 261
  • 27 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Waste Materials and General Classification in Thermochemical Conversion
Thermochemical techniques have emerged as promising and sustainable approaches for converting diverse waste materials into valuable products, including chemicals and fuels. This research critically assesses the strengths and limitations of various thermochemical processes, focusing on their potential for large-scale implementation and commercial viability. The investigation encompasses a comprehensive examination of processes such as pyrolysis, gasification, and liquefaction, aiming to compare them based on crucial parameters including energy efficiency, product yield, product quality, and environmental impact. Through this comparative analysis, the research aims to identify the most suitable thermochemical treatment for specific waste materials, thereby facilitating the development of sustainable and economically feasible waste management strategies. By providing valuable insights into the selection and optimization of thermochemical processes, this research contributes to the advancement of waste-to-value technologies and supports the transition towards a circular economy.
  • 345
  • 27 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Assessment of Smart Mechatronics Applications in Agriculture
The agriculture sector industry is encountering growing global demand for food but also demand for transparency in food supply chains from food consumers. Because of this, modern, complex methods are necessary, and the significantly increased use of modern mechatronics systems can be recommended. Precision agriculture, a development in mechatronics, is already playing a significant role in agricultural industries, where it has minimized labor requirements and decreased crop production costs by maximizing output. The main benefit of mechatronics system integration in agriculture, however, is a doubling in efficiency compared with manually controlled machines, and this has enabled a revolution in how agricultural crops are established, managed, and harvested 
  • 612
  • 26 Jul 2023
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