Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort:
Hottest Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Type:
All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
“Omics” Biomarkers in Pancreatic Cancer
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most fatal malignancies and the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths related to late diagnosis, poor survival rates, and high incidence of metastasis. 
  • 684
  • 18 May 2021
Topic Review
(Endo)Cannabinoids and Gynaecological Cancers
Gynaecological cancers can be primary neoplasms, originating either from the reproductive tract or the products of conception, or secondary neoplasms, representative of metastatic disease. For some of these cancers, the exact causes are unknown; however, it is recognised that the precise aetiopathogeneses for most are multifactorial and include exogenous (such as diet) and endogenous factors (such as genetic predisposition), which mutually interact in a complex manner. One factor that has been recognised to be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of gynaecological cancers is the endocannabinoid system (ECS). The ECS consists of endocannabinoids (bioactive lipids), their receptors, and metabolic enzymes responsible for their synthesis and degradation.
  • 1.5K
  • 31 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Annona muricata and Its Anticancer Activity
Annona muricata is a member of the family Annonaceae and is familiar for its medicinal properties. A. muricata has been identified to have promising compounds that could potentially be utilized for the treatment of cancer. The most prevalent phytochemical components identified and isolated from this plant are alkaloids, phenols, and acetogenins.
  • 648
  • 14 Oct 2022
Topic Review
CDKN2A/B Homozygous Deletions in Astrocytomas
The CDKN2A and CDKN2B genes are located on the short arm of chromosome 9. CDKN2A encodes for two proteins, p14 and p16, and CDKN2B encodes for p15. These proteins regulate cell growth and angiogenesis. Interpreting the impact of CDKN2A/B alterations on astrocytoma prognosis is complicated by the changes in tumour classification and a lack of uniform standards for testing CDKN2A/B. While the prognostic impact of CDKN2A/B HD is established, the role of different CDKN2A/B alterations—heterozygous deletions (HeD), point mutations, and promoter methylation—is less clear. Consequently, how these alternations should be incorporated into patient management remains controversial.
  • 470
  • 05 Jul 2023
Topic Review
IDH Mutations in Chondrosarcoma
Chondrosarcomas are malignant cartilage-producing tumours that frequently harbour isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and -2 (IDH) gene mutations. Several studies have confirmed that these mutations are key players in the early stages of cartilage tumour development, but their role in later stages remains ambiguous. The prognostic value of the IDH mutation in chondrosarcoma seems controversial and (pre)clinical studies that have focused on the direct and indirect targeting of the IDH mutation have not yielded novel treatment strategies.
  • 251
  • 21 Aug 2023
Topic Review
NORAD-Regulated Signaling Pathways in Breast Cancer Progression
Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease classified into different subtypes presenting several treatment challenges, especially in more advanced cases arising from triple negative breast cancer. NORAD is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) activated by DNA damage, with an impacting role in the repair process of DNA insults. This lncRNA is differentially expressed in BC subtypes, participating in cancer initiation and progression, by interacting with an extended range of signaling partners.
  • 76
  • 20 Feb 2024
Topic Review
PTEN and Cancer
The PTEN gene is an important and well-characterised tumour suppressor, known to be altered in many cancer types. Interestingly, the effect of the loss or mutation of PTEN is not dichotomous, and small changes in PTEN cellular levels can promote cancer development.
  • 164
  • 18 Oct 2023
Topic Review
14-3-3σ and Its Modulators
14-3-3σ is an acidic homodimer protein with more than one hundred different protein partners associated with oncogenic signaling and cell cycle regulation. 
  • 668
  • 18 May 2021
Topic Review
177Lu-PSMA Therapy
177Lu-PSMA (prostate specific membrane antigen) therapy is used for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Although there are some different approaches regarding the use of 177Lu-PSMA therapy in different countries, this type of therapy is generally safe, with a low toxicity profile. From the oncological point of view, a PSA (prostate specific antigen) decline of ≥50% was seen in 10.6–69% of patients with mCRPC; whereas progression-free survival (PFS) was reported to be 3–13.7 months in different studies. Consequently, 177Lu-PSMA therapy is a promising treatment in patients with mCRPC, with good clinical efficacy, even in heavily pretreated patients with multiple lines of systemic therapy. Currently, there are ongoing clinical trials in the United States, including a phase III multicenter FDA registration trial. 
  • 694
  • 23 Jun 2021
Topic Review
18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles
The glucose analogue 2-(18F)fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-2-FDG) is a well-known positron emission tomography (PET) imaging radiotracer.
  • 333
  • 28 Feb 2023
  • Page
  • of
  • 256
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Fungi
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Feedback