Topic Review
Diagnosis of Food-Dependent Exercise-Induced Allergic Reactions
Food-dependent exercise-induced allergic reactions (FDEIA) represent a distinct clinical phenomenon where symptoms arise during exercise following the consumption of specific trigger foods, with the most severe manifestation being anaphylaxis—a condition distinct from typical exercise-induced or food-induced anaphylaxis.
  • 168
  • 24 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Physical Deactivation Oral Immunotherapy Methods for Food Allergens
Food allergies represent a serious health concern and, since the 1990s, they have risen gradually in high-income countries. Deactivation rather than degradation should be the way of attenuating the immune response. Methods involve both physical and chemo-enzymatic routes.
  • 149
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Macronutrient and Micronutrient Intake in Lung Disease Children
The nutritional and respiratory statuses of critically ill patients are interrelated in such a way that they are interdependent while maintaining a balance. Malnutrition is common in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients and is frequently associated with respiratory failure.
  • 152
  • 13 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Cell Adhesion and Migration in Regenerative Medicine
Cell adhesion and migration is essential for cell survival, communication, and regulation, and it is of fundamental importance in the development and maintenance of tissues. Cell adhesion has been widely explored due to its many important roles in the fields of tissue regenerative engineering and cell biology. With this in mind, researchers are employing novel strategies to harness the utility of cell adhesion—including the use of small molecules to promote adhesion and migration for improved tissue regeneration.
  • 149
  • 05 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Zinc Supplementation in Pediatric Gastrointestinal Diseases
Children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), celiac disease, and those receiving long-term proton pump inhibitor treatments are particularly susceptible to zinc deficiency (ZD). ZD in children with celiac disease and IBD is attributed to insufficient intake, reduced absorption, and increased intestinal loss as a result of the inflammatory process. Zinc plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of the gastric mucosa and exerts a gastroprotective action against gastric lesions. 
  • 191
  • 26 Sep 2023
Topic Review
For the Cure of Atopic Dermatitis
Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) are seeking a permanent cure. This entry provides three working hypotheses and perspectives for the cure of AD by restoring immune homeostasis (immune tolerance state) through activation of regulatory T (Treg) cells as follows. (1) A decreased number or function of Treg cells is a critical event leading to the development and maintenance of AD. (2) Activation of Treg cells is an effective therapeutic approach for long-term clinical improvement of AD. (3) Many different immunomodulatory strategies activating Treg cells can provide a long-term treatment-free clinical remission (cure) of AD by induction of immune tolerance state. Currently available Treg cell-targeted immunomodulatory therapies for AD include allergen immunotherapy, microbiota, vitamin D, polyvalent human immunoglobulin G, and monoclonal antibodies to the surface antigens of T cell or antigen-presenting cell. 
  • 231
  • 01 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin, Its Receptors and Molecular Interactions
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a pleiotropic cytokine that has emerged as a critical player in the development and progression of allergy and asthma. It is primarily produced by epithelial cells and functions as a potent immune system activator.
  • 148
  • 01 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Precision Allergy Molecular Diagnosis in Predicting Atopy Development
The allergic march is a progression of naturally occurring symptoms whose nature changes with age. The classic allergic march typically begins in infancy and manifests in the form of atopic dermatitis and food allergy. As immune tolerance develops over time, these conditions may resolve by the age of 3–5 years; however, they may evolve into allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma. Traditional diagnostic assessments, such as skin prick testing or serum allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) level testing, are conducted to introduce effective treatment. The precision allergy molecular diagnosis (PAMD@) assesses sIgE against allergenic molecules. This new technology helps more accurately evaluate the patient’s allergy profile, which helps create more precise dietary specifications and personalize allergen-specific immunotherapy.
  • 246
  • 31 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Role of Diet and Nutrition in Allergic Diseases
Allergic diseases are a set of chronic inflammatory disorders of lung, skin, and nose epithelium characterized by aberrant IgE and Th2 cytokine-mediated immune responses to exposed allergens. The prevalence of allergic diseases, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis, has increased dramatically worldwide in the past several decades. Evidence suggests that diet and nutrition play a key role in the development and severity of allergic diseases. Dietary components can differentially regulate allergic inflammation pathways through host and gut microbiota-derived metabolites, therefore influencing allergy outcomes in positive or negative ways. A broad range of nutrients and dietary components (vitamins A, D, and E, minerals Zn, Iron, and Se, dietary fiber, fatty acids, and phytochemicals) are found to be effective in the prevention or treatment of allergic diseases through the suppression of type 2 inflammation. 
  • 206
  • 31 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions
Drug hypersensitivity reactions are a serious concern in clinical practice because they can be severe and result in lifelong sequelae. An accurate diagnosis and identification of the culprit drug is essential to prevent future reactions as well as for the identification of safe treatment alternatives. 
  • 223
  • 30 Aug 2023
  • Page
  • of
  • 36