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Topic Review
Stress Corrosion Cracking of Copper–Nickel Alloys
Under the combination of certain corrosive ions and stress, Cu-Ni alloys may experience severe stress corrosion cracking (SCC), which causes premature failure and hinders their further applications as crucial construction materials in various engineering fields.
  • 141
  • 13 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Steel for Nuclear Pressure Vessels
The nuclear reactor pressure vessel is an important component of a nuclear power plant. It has been used in harsh environments such as high temperature, high pressure, neutron irradiation, thermal aging, corrosion and fatigue for a long time, which puts forward higher standards for the performance requirements for nuclear pressure vessel steel.
  • 991
  • 22 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Specification of Glazings for Façades
The correct specification of glazings for façades can reduce the energy consumption in buildings. The heat exchange occurs through transparent surfaces and radiation reaches the building as light and heat. Therefore, glazings significantly contribute to the heat transfer between outdoor and indoor spaces and act directly on daylighting and thermal comfort. The selection of glazings should be a careful process of evaluation and weighing of tradeoffs. Among the characteristics required for the specification of transparent materials, the spectrophotometric behavior is an important factor to be considered, as it enables improvements in the thermal and visual comfort of a building.
  • 480
  • 28 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Si-Based GeSn
A literature survey revealed that GeSn materials have numerous potential applications, including Si-based, integrated high-efficiency light sources; high-mobility electronic devices; low-cost Si-based high-performance shortwave infrared (SWIR) imaging sensors; Si-based photovoltaics; optical signal encoding in the mid-infrared range; high-performance logic applications; Si-based integrated thermoelectrics as wearable devices; Si-based spintronics; Si-based integrated reconfigurable dipoles; and Si-based quantum computing. GeSn-related fundamental research and development applications have also been extensively investigated. 
  • 724
  • 14 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Shot Peening and Cavitation Peening
Shot peening is a dynamically developing surface treatment used to improve the surface properties modified by tool, impact, microblasting, or shot action.
  • 781
  • 08 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Sensing Surfaces for Capacitive Biodetection
Affinity-based biosensors operate by specifically capturing a biological target with biological or synthetic capture agents such as aptamers, DNAzymes, single stranded DNAs or antibodies. Despite their high sensitivity and their suitability for miniaturization, biosensors are still limited for clinical applications due to the lack of reproducibility and specificity of their detection performance. The design and preparation of sensing surfaces are suspected to be a cause of these limitations.
  • 430
  • 18 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Semiconductor Materials for Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2
The photocatalytic reduction of CO2 is one of the most effective methods to control CO2 pollution. Therefore, the development of novel high-efficiency semiconductor materials has become an important research field. Semiconductor materials need to have a structure with abundant catalytic sites, among other conditions, which is of great significance for the practical application of highly active catalysts for CO2 reduction. The photocatalytic reduction of CO2 is a surface/interface reaction. It is important to find and use raw materials which are environmentally friendly and effective as catalysts.
  • 876
  • 27 May 2022
Topic Review
Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy Applied to Metals and Coatings
Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is a scanning probe microscope (SPM) technique based on electrochemical principles that allows chemical imaging of materials with spatial resolution. The movement of a microelectrode (ME) in close proximity to the interface allows the application of various experimental procedures that can be classified into amperometric and potentiometric operations depending on either sensing faradaic currents or probe potential values due to concentration distributions resulting from the corrosion process, as sketched in. In addition, alternating current signals can be applied to the ME, leading to AC-operation modes.
  • 781
  • 23 May 2022
Topic Review
Reactive Ni–Al-Based Materials
Energetic materials are substances or mixtures in which, under the action of external forces, self-sustaining chemical reactions occur with the release of a large amount of energy. A promising group of energetic materials are reactive structural materials (RSMs), consisting of two or more solids, usually nonexplosive metallic or nonmetallic powders, in which an exothermic reaction can occur after high-velocity impact and penetration into a target. As a rule, thermite, intermetallic, metal-fluoropolymer systems and metastable intermixed composites are used as RSMs.
  • 689
  • 23 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Raw Materials for Geopolymer Production
Due to the high generation of industrial waste by-products, disposal concerns, less utilization, and hazardous nature, the research on its valorization as a precursor for geopolymer production is potentially environmentally viable.
  • 1.1K
  • 18 Oct 2022
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