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Topic Review
Bacterial and Fungal Biocontrol Agents against Plant-Parasitic Nematodes
Nematodes are non-segmented invertebrates and are by far the most abundant animals on Earth, accounting for an estimated four-fifths of all animals of the terrestrial biosphere. Among soil-dwelling nematodes, some have crucial ecological niches in the soil food web, regulating carbon and recycling nutrients (such as nitrogen, increasing its availability to plants), while others are considered a phytosanitary risk. Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) pose a big threat to food security and plant health. The Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2072 lists 15 nematode species, 10 of which do not occur in the Schengen territory and 5 do. The European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) recommends EU member states to regulate the following nematodes as quarantine pests: Aphelenchoides besseyi, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, Ditylenchus dipsaci, Globodera pallida, G. rostochiensis, Heterodera glycines, Meloidogyne chitwoodi, M. enterolobii, M. fallax, M. mali, Radopholus similis, and Xiphinema rivesi.
  • 783
  • 30 Nov 2024
Topic Review
Photobiomodulation in Dermatology
Photobiomodulation (PBM), formerly known as low-level laser light therapy (LLLT), is a safe phototherapy technique that uses wavelengths of the visible light spectrum which includes red light (RL, 620–700 nm) and near-infrared (NIR, 700–1440 nm). This treatment modality has been used in dermatology, both in clinical settings and at home. PBM involves the use of various light sources, including low-level lasers (LLL) and light-emitting diodes (LED), to deliver therapeutic light. Reviews on the matter have already been conducted.
  • 78
  • 06 Nov 2024
Biography
Prof. Nilesh Kumar Sharma
Dr. Nilesh Kumar Sharma, an Ideator and scholar with a Ph.D. degree (2009) from IIT Roorkee, India, focusing on Health Science. He subsequently pursued post-doctoral research in DNA repair and Cancer genetics at prominent institutions including the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), (NIH), and Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School (USA) between 2013-2016. Curren
  • 278
  • 04 Nov 2024
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Distribution of Salts in Milk and Cheese: Critical Methodological Aspects
The salt fractions of milk consist of cations (e.g., Ca, Mg, and Na) and anions (e.g., phosphate, citrate, and chloride). These salts are present as free ions or in complexes with other ions or proteins, primarily the caseins. Furthermore, significant levels of Ca and phosphate are also found in insoluble form, inside the casein micelles. The distribution of salts between this micellar phase and the soluble phase is important for the stability and properties of milk and dairy products. Various processes, such as (ultra-)centrifugation, (ultra-)filtration, dialysis, and selective precipitation have been used to separate the micellar and soluble phases in milk and dairy products to allow for studying the salts’ distribution between these phases. These different methods can lead to different levels of soluble salts because the salts in the supernatant from centrifugation, the permeate from ultrafiltration, and the diffusate from dialysis can differ notably. Hence, understanding which components are fractionated with these techniques and how this affects the levels of the soluble salts determined is critical for milk and dairy products. Applying the aforementioned methods to cheese products is further challenging because these methods are primarily developed for fractionating the soluble and micellar phases of milk. Instead, methods that analyze salts in water-soluble extracts, or soluble phases expressed from cheese by pressing or centrifugation are typically used. This review focuses on the significance of salt distribution and variations in salt fractions obtained using different methodologies for both milk and cheese.
  • 243
  • 01 Nov 2024
Topic Review
Probiotic Strains Impact Promising Disease Therapies
Probiotic strains, the beneficial microorganisms known for their health-enhancing properties, have been gaining significant attention in the realm of disease therapeutics. These tiny powerhouses work by restoring the balance of gut bacteria, which is crucial for maintaining overall health. By doing so, they improve digestion, boost immune function, and alleviate various gastrointestinal disorders such as diarrhea and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This article delves into how probiotics not only support general health but also play a promising role in the therapeutic landscape of diseases.
  • 143
  • 31 Oct 2024
Topic Review
Dog DEA 1 prevalance in Luanda (Angola)
Prevalence of dog blood groups varies geographically and between breeds. In dogs, the risk of an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction at the first transfusion is negligible; however, mismatched transfusions may produce alloimmunization. To avoid fatal acute hemolytic reactions in subsequent blood transfusions, it´s important to recognize blood groups and to blood type both the donor and the recipient. this work describes for the first time the DEA 1 prevalence in a canine population in Luanda (Angola) and evaluates the alloimmunization risk after an incompatible blood transfusion.
  • 69
  • 31 Oct 2024
Topic Review
WormCNN
WormCNN is a specialized deep learning model designed for the analysis of images of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). This model utilizes convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture to classify and analyze the morphological features of C. elegans, providing valuable insights into various biological studies. 
  • 107
  • 31 Oct 2024
Biography
Daniel Manore
Daniel is a dedicated and accomplished individual hailing from Hawassa, Ethiopia. With a profound passion for agriculture, he has pursued his academic journey with zeal and determination. Daniel hold a Master of Science (MSc) in Agronomy and a Bachelor of Science (BSc) in Plant Science in Crop Production, both from the prestigious Hawassa University. His academic excellence is a testament to his
  • 470
  • 31 Oct 2024
Topic Review
16S rRNA Sequencing vs. Metagenome Sequencing
Microbiome research has revolutionized our understanding of complex microbial communities, and two pivotal techniques at the forefront of this exploration are 16S rRNA sequencing and metagenome sequencing.
  • 176
  • 31 Oct 2024
Topic Review
Sustainable Surimi: Demersal Fish Stock Assessment Insights
Demersal fish stock assessment is crucial for the surimi industry's sustainability, offering insights into population dynamics and preventing overexploitation. Methods like the Length-based Spawning Potential Ratio (LBSPR) provide valuable data on fish reproductive potential, aiding sustainable fisheries management. Overcoming challenges in data collection and promoting interdisciplinary research are key to effective conservation strategies, ensuring long-term viability for both the environment and the economy.
  • 256
  • 31 Oct 2024
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